史春燕

讀后續(xù)寫是高中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中一種重要的寫作訓(xùn)練方式，要求學(xué)生根據(jù)所給的文本材料進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，能夠培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力與寫作表達(dá)能力。因此，在高中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中，應(yīng)不斷探索讀后續(xù)寫的教學(xué)方式，以此提升學(xué)生的閱讀與寫作能力。本文以The Million Pound Bank Note為例，探討高中英語(yǔ)讀后續(xù)寫的課堂教學(xué)實(shí)踐，對(duì)教學(xué)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行深入研究，加強(qiáng)學(xué)生對(duì)故事情節(jié)與人物的分析，以此提升高中英語(yǔ)綜合教學(xué)效率。

一、背景介紹

The Million Pound Bank Note是一部著名的短篇小說(shuō)，作者是馬克·吐溫。故事講述了美國(guó)小伙子亨利·亞當(dāng)斯的經(jīng)歷。亨利·亞當(dāng)斯因?yàn)橐淮闻既坏臋C(jī)會(huì)獲得了一張無(wú)法兌現(xiàn)的百萬(wàn)英鎊大鈔。在等待兩名富家兄弟的盤問中，他遇到了不同社會(huì)階層的人，包括富人、窮人、紳士、騙子等。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，他了解了社會(huì)的各種丑惡，逐漸認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的價(jià)值。最終，亨利·亞當(dāng)斯憑借自己的聰明才智與百萬(wàn)英鎊的大鈔，改變了自己的命運(yùn)。

二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)

在教學(xué)中，教師應(yīng)有效引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分析The Million Pound Bank Note的故事情節(jié)與人物特點(diǎn)，讓學(xué)生掌握讀后續(xù)寫的基本技巧和方法，并能夠運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)續(xù)寫一篇符合故事情節(jié)和人物特點(diǎn)的短文。

1.掌握The Million Pound Bank Note的故事情節(jié)、人物特點(diǎn)、語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格和寫作技巧。

2.能夠運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)，理解并分析故事情節(jié)和人物特點(diǎn)，提高閱讀理解和寫作表達(dá)能力。

3.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)文學(xué)作品的欣賞與批判性思維，增強(qiáng)學(xué)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文化的興趣。

4.在與同學(xué)和老師交流的過(guò)程中形成良好的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度與合作精神。

三、利用問題引導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀

在閱讀The Million Pound Bank Note之前，教師先讓學(xué)生了解馬克·吐溫的生平與作品風(fēng)格，以及小說(shuō)的時(shí)代背景與社會(huì)環(huán)境，促使學(xué)生更好地理解故事情節(jié)與人物形象。教師通過(guò)問題、討論等方式引導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀，激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣與思考能力。

師：What would you do if you were Henry Adams？ What impact do you think The Million Pound Bank Note had on Henry Adams fate？

生：The Million Pound Bank Note had a significant impact on the fate of Henry Adams， changing Henrys life trajectory and path. He was originally an penniless American youth with no major goals in life， living a plain and indifferent life. But the sudden wealth gave him more life choices and opportunities.

生：This wealth also brings many additional issues and responsibilities. Henry needs to face the problem of how to handle and manage this huge sum of money， while also dealing with the social attention and various changes in interpersonal relationships brought by this wealth. This is not only a test of his wisdom， but also a test of his character and values.

四、分析人物形象與情節(jié)發(fā)展

在閱讀過(guò)程中，教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分析小說(shuō)中的人物形象和情節(jié)發(fā)展。

師：Who do you think is the most important character in the story？Why？Or what unexpected things happen in the story？ What impact does it have on the plot development？

結(jié)合問題的設(shè)置與引導(dǎo)，教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生更好地理解小說(shuō)中的人物形象與情節(jié)發(fā)展，為后續(xù)的寫作打下基礎(chǔ)。

生：Henry unexpectedly encountered a million pound bank note that could not be redeemed while wandering. Influence： This led to a dramatic transformation in Henrys life， becoming a wealthy but unidentified mysterious figure， triggering a series of subsequent storylines.

生：After receiving a million pound bank note， Henry was initially mistaken as a fraud by two wealthy brothers， but was eventually misunderstood and clarified， and formed a deep friendship with the two brothers. Influence：this makes Henrys character image more three-dimensional， while also showcasing his personal charm and unique qualities. Highlighted the attitudes and values of wealthy brothers towards wealth and interpersonal relationships.

五、確定寫作主題與思路

在閱讀完The Million Pound Bank Note之后，教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生確定寫作主題與思路。

師：If you were Mark Twain， what kind of ending would you give to this story？Or what do you think is the theme of this story？What are the inspirations for you？

生：After Henry Adams became a wealthy gentleman， he did not intoxicated in luxury and pleasure. In contrast， he gained a deeper understanding of the meaning and value of life. He began to actively participate in social welfare undertakings， using his wealth and influence to help those in need.

生：Henry realized that wealth is not everything in life， and true happiness and satisfaction came from caring and helping others. He began to devote himself to promoting social justice and equality， advocating the importance of morality and education.

生：Henrys relationship with the two wealthy brothers has also further developed. They jointly established a charity foundation aimed at helping children who were unable to receive good education and living conditions due to poverty and helplessness.

在理解故事情節(jié)與人物特點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上，學(xué)生確定寫作主題，包括人物性格的轉(zhuǎn)變、情節(jié)的發(fā)展、故事的轉(zhuǎn)折等。學(xué)生選擇一個(gè)與原故事相關(guān)且具有吸引力的主題，在確定寫作主題后，拓展思路，為續(xù)寫提供更多的素材與靈感，思考人物在故事中的成長(zhǎng)、變化，及情節(jié)的轉(zhuǎn)折、發(fā)展等。結(jié)合自己的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)與情感體驗(yàn)，為續(xù)寫注入個(gè)人特色。在確定主題和拓展思路后，學(xué)生搭建邏輯框架，為續(xù)寫提供清晰的寫作結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展與人物性格的轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)O(shè)計(jì)合理的情節(jié)發(fā)展與轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，使續(xù)寫內(nèi)容與原故事保持緊密聯(lián)系。

六、開展寫作實(shí)踐

在確定寫作主題和思路之后，教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行寫作實(shí)踐。學(xué)生根據(jù)自己的想法與故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展進(jìn)行自由寫作。教師給予學(xué)生適當(dāng)?shù)闹笇?dǎo)，提供寫作技巧、例句等。在The Million Pound Bank Note的讀后續(xù)寫中，學(xué)生基于原文的故事情節(jié)和人物特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行合理的想象，完成一篇符合故事邏輯與人物性格的短文。

（一）語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用

學(xué)生在續(xù)寫過(guò)程中，運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)言表達(dá)自己的思想與情感，掌握基本的語(yǔ)法和詞匯，能夠清晰、準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)自己的意思。注意語(yǔ)言的流暢性與連貫性，可以使續(xù)寫更加自然、流暢。

續(xù)寫范例：

After receiving a million pound bank note， Henrys life did not go as smoothly as he had imagined. He began to face various challenges diverse issues， such as how to handle and manage this huge sum of money， how to cope with the social attention and changes in interpersonal relationships brought by this wealth， and how to maintain ones original intention and values.

（二）情節(jié)發(fā)展

學(xué)生在續(xù)寫過(guò)程中，遵循故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展邏輯，使續(xù)寫內(nèi)容與原文意思保持一致。根據(jù)人物性格和故事背景，設(shè)計(jì)合理的情節(jié)發(fā)展，使整個(gè)故事更加完整、連貫。

續(xù)寫范例：

Henry demonstrated his wisdom， courage and kindness in dealing with these issues. He was not blinded by wealth， but was acutely aware of the responsibilities and obligations which brought him. He decided to use this wealth to contribute to the well-being of himself and others. Henry began to actively participate in social welfare undertakings， using his wealth and influence to help those in need. He established a charity foundation to provide education and medical assistance for impoverished children. He also actively participates in environmental protection， promoting urban greening and sustainable development.

（三）人物塑造

續(xù)寫應(yīng)盡可能地延續(xù)人物的性格特點(diǎn)。原文中，主人公是一個(gè)善良、勇敢的人，因此，在續(xù)寫中，行為與言語(yǔ)也應(yīng)體現(xiàn)出此特點(diǎn)，保持故事的一致性和連貫性。原文中的人物關(guān)系是怎樣的，在續(xù)寫中，可以進(jìn)一步發(fā)展此類關(guān)系。續(xù)寫中，加強(qiáng)主人公與其他人物之間的關(guān)系，可以使他們之間的互動(dòng)與對(duì)話更加豐富，使故事更加生動(dòng)有趣。

原文中的人物可能有所成長(zhǎng)，可以在續(xù)寫中得到反映。主人公在經(jīng)歷了一系列事情后，可能變得更加成熟、理智，此種成長(zhǎng)可以通過(guò)行為與言語(yǔ)表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。因此，在續(xù)寫中，可以進(jìn)一步挖掘人物的內(nèi)心世界。主人公的內(nèi)心想法與感受在續(xù)寫中得到體現(xiàn)，可以使人物更加立體、豐滿，因此，可以通過(guò)人物的內(nèi)心世界反映整個(gè)故事的主題和意義。

續(xù)寫范例：

During this process， Henrys relationship with the two wealthy brothers also further developed. They went from initial misunderstandings and distrust to later working together towards charity. Their friendship deepened through mutual support and care.

（四）主題深化

學(xué)生在續(xù)寫過(guò)程中，根據(jù)原文的主題思想，對(duì)主題進(jìn)行深化和拓展，可以使續(xù)寫內(nèi)容更加具有思想性和深度。續(xù)寫時(shí)要注意主題與情節(jié)、人物之間的聯(lián)系，使主題更加自然地融入整個(gè)故事中。在開始續(xù)寫之前，深入理解原作的主題。The Million Pound Bank Note講述了一個(gè)關(guān)于財(cái)富、人性、命運(yùn)和選擇的故事。學(xué)生要明確這個(gè)主題，并思考如何在續(xù)寫中進(jìn)一步深化這個(gè)主題：可以探討財(cái)富對(duì)人性的影響，或者探討命運(yùn)與選擇之間的關(guān)系，使續(xù)寫內(nèi)容更加豐富和深入；可以探討社會(huì)中的貧富差距、道德淪喪等問題，使續(xù)寫內(nèi)容更加具有時(shí)代感和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。在續(xù)寫中，學(xué)生表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)和見解，對(duì)某個(gè)主題提出自己的看法，或者對(duì)某個(gè)事件發(fā)表自己的評(píng)論，可以使續(xù)寫內(nèi)容更加具有個(gè)性和思想性。

續(xù)寫范例：

Over time， Henry became a highly respected figure. His story inspires more people to pursue a meaningful life， pay attention to social welfare， and care for others. In the end， Henry realized that true wealth did not lie in money and material possessions， but in inner satisfaction and caring for others. He told the world through his own story that life is not about pursuing endless wealth and pleasure， but? pursuing a meaningful life.

續(xù)寫的這個(gè)故事情節(jié)與原文有很大的不同，但符合原文的主題和風(fēng)格，并且拓展了原文的情節(jié)和人物形象。

通過(guò)本次教學(xué)實(shí)踐，學(xué)生更好地理解了The Million Pound Bank Note的故事情節(jié)與人物特點(diǎn)，掌握了讀后續(xù)寫的基本技巧和方法，閱讀理解能力和寫作表達(dá)能力得到了提高。部分學(xué)生在續(xù)寫過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)了跑題、語(yǔ)言不流暢等問題，需要進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)閱讀理解和寫作表達(dá)的訓(xùn)練。教師可設(shè)計(jì)更多有針對(duì)性的訓(xùn)練任務(wù)，加強(qiáng)對(duì)學(xué)生閱讀理解和寫作表達(dá)的指導(dǎo)，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生多閱讀、多寫作，提高學(xué)生的閱讀理解和寫作表達(dá)能力。

（作者單位：江蘇省溧陽(yáng)中學(xué)）

編輯：常超波