李傳文 張偉 陳進(jìn)
摘? 要:作為一門(mén)新興學(xué)科,物聯(lián)網(wǎng)工程本科專(zhuān)業(yè)建設(shè)受到了人們的廣泛關(guān)注。文章從物聯(lián)網(wǎng)與計(jì)算機(jī)兩個(gè)相關(guān)學(xué)科的聯(lián)系與差異出發(fā),結(jié)合PBL教學(xué)手段,對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)工程專(zhuān)業(yè)的建設(shè)進(jìn)行探索。從PBL七個(gè)關(guān)鍵元素的角度,分析了如何從計(jì)算機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)教育引出物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí),設(shè)計(jì)了不同學(xué)年的計(jì)算機(jī)與物聯(lián)網(wǎng)相關(guān)課程比例,研究了課堂講授時(shí)間與項(xiàng)目實(shí)踐時(shí)間隨學(xué)生技能提高而應(yīng)進(jìn)行變化,總結(jié)了不同培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)在各學(xué)年的時(shí)間分布曲線,探討了學(xué)生、教師和教學(xué)設(shè)施在專(zhuān)業(yè)建設(shè)中起到的作用,最終形成了一套適應(yīng)現(xiàn)有物聯(lián)網(wǎng)本科教育需求的專(zhuān)業(yè)建設(shè)模式。文章提出的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)工程專(zhuān)業(yè)建設(shè)模式將對(duì)現(xiàn)有的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)工程教育理論形成有益的補(bǔ)充,并將有效促進(jìn)PBL教學(xué)法在國(guó)內(nèi)大學(xué)工科教育中的實(shí)踐。
關(guān)鍵詞:PBL教學(xué)法;物聯(lián)網(wǎng)工程;專(zhuān)業(yè)建設(shè);人才培養(yǎng);教學(xué)方法
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):G642? ? ? ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A? ? ? ? ? 文章編號(hào):2096-000X(2021)24-0082-04
Abstract: As an emerging discipline, the undergraduate professional construction of Internet of Things Engineering has received widespread attention. This article starts from the connection and difference between the two related disciplines of the Internet of Things and Computer, combined with PBL teaching methods, to explore the construction of the Internet of Things engineering discipline. From the perspective of seven key elements of PBL, this paper analyzes how to introduce the Internet of Things from the basic education of computer, designs the proportion of computer and Internet of Things, studies classroom teaching time and project practice time with the improvement of student skills, summarizes the time distribution curve of different training objectives in each academic year, discusses the role of students, teachers and teaching facilities in professional construction, and finally forms a set of professional construction mode to meet the needs of existing Internet of Things undergraduate education. The construction model of the Internet of Things specialty proposed in this article will form a useful supplement to the existing Internet of Things engineering education theory, and will effectively promote the practice of PBL teaching method in domestic university engineering education.
Keywords: Problem Based Learning (PBL); Internet of Things Engineering; professional construction; talent training; teaching methods
繼計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)之后,物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)引領(lǐng)了世界信息產(chǎn)業(yè)的第三次浪潮。隨著物聯(lián)網(wǎng)相關(guān)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,企業(yè)界對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)專(zhuān)業(yè)人員的需求也在不斷增長(zhǎng)。與此同時(shí),物聯(lián)網(wǎng)工程教育在大學(xué)中得到了廣泛重視。計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的重要基礎(chǔ),目前在我國(guó)大學(xué)的學(xué)科建設(shè)中已經(jīng)形成了成熟的體系。因此,在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)工程專(zhuān)業(yè)建設(shè)中將物聯(lián)網(wǎng)與計(jì)算機(jī)的知識(shí)和技能相結(jié)合,為物聯(lián)網(wǎng)專(zhuān)業(yè)的學(xué)生構(gòu)建與計(jì)算機(jī)相關(guān)的跨學(xué)科知識(shí)模型是我們進(jìn)行物聯(lián)網(wǎng)工程專(zhuān)業(yè)建設(shè)的重點(diǎn)研究課題[1-3]。因此,本文將重點(diǎn)探索這種跨學(xué)科模型中各學(xué)科之間的知識(shí)聯(lián)系,并研究如何在專(zhuān)業(yè)建設(shè)中應(yīng)用PBL(Problem Based Learning)[4-6]來(lái)有效提高學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)效果。
作為工業(yè)領(lǐng)域中的新興學(xué)科,物聯(lián)網(wǎng)與傳統(tǒng)的計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)科相比具有不同的知識(shí)邊界和教育目標(biāo)。本文首先根據(jù)計(jì)算機(jī)和物聯(lián)網(wǎng)兩個(gè)基本學(xué)科之間的共性和差異提出跨學(xué)科課程模型,并從PBL的七個(gè)關(guān)鍵元素(目標(biāo)與結(jié)果、問(wèn)題與項(xiàng)目、進(jìn)展與規(guī)模、學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)、人員與設(shè)施、空間與組織、評(píng)估與評(píng)價(jià))[7]出發(fā),對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的跨學(xué)科課程設(shè)計(jì)模型進(jìn)行研究。
一、目標(biāo)與結(jié)果
為了培養(yǎng)適應(yīng)新型工業(yè)化要求的復(fù)合型物聯(lián)網(wǎng)人才,完成工程教育認(rèn)證對(duì)于工科教育培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)的要求,將課程目標(biāo)和結(jié)果歸類(lèi)為五大方面:專(zhuān)業(yè)素養(yǎng)、科學(xué)研究、人文和社會(huì)素養(yǎng)、合作和溝通、終身學(xué)習(xí)。