蔡兆珍

[摘要] 目的 探究CBL結(jié)合PBL教學(xué)法在乳腺外科護(hù)理教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用。方法 選取2018年1月—2019年10月期間的該院乳腺外科護(hù)理實習(xí)生80名，隨機(jī)分為觀察組與對照組，各40名。觀察組實施CBL結(jié)合PBL教學(xué)法，對照組實施常規(guī)帶教，對比觀察兩組護(hù)理實習(xí)生對教師的評價優(yōu)良率以及實習(xí)生綜合考核成績。結(jié)果 觀察組護(hù)理實習(xí)生教師的評價優(yōu)良率97.50%高于對照組75.00%（P<0.05），觀察組實習(xí)生綜合考核成績?nèi)宋年P(guān)懷（7.96±0.41）分、生命體征評估能力（7.74±0.62）分、健康宣教（7.84±0.35）分、護(hù)理診斷（7.76±0.52）分、操作（7.98±0.32）分、護(hù)患溝通（7.58±0.64）分、理論成績（93.24±1.56）分高于對照組（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 乳腺外科護(hù)理教學(xué)中應(yīng)用CBL結(jié)合PBL教學(xué)法，能夠全面提升護(hù)理實習(xí)生的綜合能力，提升實習(xí)生的帶教滿意度，有利于帶教工作的開展，值得推廣應(yīng)用。

[關(guān)鍵詞] CBL教學(xué)法;PBL教學(xué)法;乳腺外科;護(hù)理教學(xué)

[中圖分類號] R47 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼] A [文章編號] 1672-5654（2020）09（c）-0132-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application of CBL combined with PBL teaching method in breast surgery nursing teaching. Methods A total of 80 nursing interns in breast surgery in the hospital from January 2018 to October 2019 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group， with 40 cases in each group. The observation group implemented CBL combined with PBL teaching method， and the control group implemented conventional teaching. The two groups of nursing interns' evaluation of teachers' excellent and good rate and interns' comprehensive assessment results were compared and observed. Results The excellent and good rate of nursing interns in the observation group was 97.50%，which was higher than 75.00% in the control group （P<0.05）. The interns in the observation group had comprehensive assessment scores of humanistic care （7.96±0.41）points and vital signs assessment ability （7.74±0.62）points， health promotion （7.84±0.35）points， nursing diagnosis （7.76±0.52）points， operation （7.98±0.32）points， nurse-patient communication （7.58±0.64）points， theoretical scores （93.24±1.56）points higher than the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of CBL combined with PBL teaching method in breast surgery nursing teaching can comprehensively improve the comprehensive ability of nursing interns and improve their satisfaction with teaching. It is beneficial to the development of teaching work and is worthy of popularization and application.

[Key words] CBL teaching method; PBL teaching method; Breast surgery; Nursing teaching

乳腺外科主要指治療乳腺疾病的外科學(xué)方面內(nèi)容，包括乳房解剖、乳腺感染、乳腺腫瘤管理、乳腺腫瘤診治原則、乳腺腫瘤診斷等外科手術(shù)術(shù)式、化療、內(nèi)分泌治療等。隨著乳腺疾病的患病率逐漸升高，乳腺外科的患者也逐漸增多，其臨床護(hù)理工作逐漸加重，容易產(chǎn)生失誤。近幾年，我國醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域逐步形成規(guī)范化發(fā)展，乳腺外科為了迎合科研以及臨床診治的需求，需要對乳腺外科的護(hù)理實習(xí)中教學(xué)問題進(jìn)行研討，探究更有效的臨床護(hù)理教學(xué)方法，避免給缺少經(jīng)驗的護(hù)理實習(xí)生的護(hù)理操作帶來困難[1]。PBL教學(xué)模式是以問題為中心的教學(xué)模式，將疾病問題作為基礎(chǔ)同時結(jié)合臨床實踐以及教師引導(dǎo)、小組討論等形式，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生主動探索問題的能力[2]。CBL教學(xué)法能夠使學(xué)生以及教師進(jìn)行責(zé)任分擔(dān)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、探索問題、解決問題[3]。乳腺外科作為臨床醫(yī)學(xué)中的重要組成部分，由于內(nèi)容比較繁雜，因此需要對實習(xí)生進(jìn)行有效的臨床護(hù)理帶教學(xué)習(xí)。因此選取2018年1月—2019年10月期間的該院乳腺外科護(hù)理實習(xí)生80名，探究CBL結(jié)合PBL教學(xué)法在乳腺外科護(hù)理教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用，報道如下。