張壯壯
摘? 要:拓展訓(xùn)練是基于高校體育原有教學(xué)基礎(chǔ)之上展開的,它在豐富體育教學(xué)形式與教學(xué)資源方面表現(xiàn)突出,非常有利于對學(xué)生體育學(xué)習(xí)興趣的有效激發(fā)。當然,良好的體育教學(xué)拓展訓(xùn)練也能提升學(xué)生的體育技能與身體素養(yǎng),促進體育教學(xué)改革發(fā)展。該文在對拓展訓(xùn)練進行理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上,探索了高校體育課程引入實施拓展訓(xùn)練的必要性與影響,最后分析了高校體育課程引入實施拓展訓(xùn)練的課程設(shè)計。拓展訓(xùn)練課程在高校體育課程中實施應(yīng)該適應(yīng)當今大學(xué)生的基本價值觀,所以在課程教學(xué)流程設(shè)計方面也必須追求創(chuàng)新,實踐中總結(jié)了“引導(dǎo)—體驗—感悟—總結(jié)—分享”五步法。
關(guān)鍵詞:拓展訓(xùn)練? ?高校體育教學(xué)? ?可行性? ?影響? ?課程設(shè)計
中圖分類號:G807? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文獻標識碼:A文章編號:1672-3791(2021)07(b)-0154-03
Rational discussion on the implementation of outward bound in College Physical Education
ZHANG? Zhuangzhuang
(Jilin Police College, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130000? China)
Absrtact: Outward bound training is based on the original teaching of physical education in colleges and universities. It is outstanding in enriching physical education teaching forms and teaching resources, which is very conducive to the effective stimulation of students' interest in physical education learning. Of course, good physical education outward bound training can also improve students' physical skills and physical quality, and promote the reform and development of physical education. Based on the theoretical analysis of outward bound training, this paper explores the necessity and influence of introducing outward bound training into college physical education curriculum, and finally analyzes the curriculum design of introducing outward bound training into college physical education curriculum. The implementation of outward bound training curriculum in college physical education curriculum should adapt to the basic values of today's college students, so we must also pursue innovation in the design of curriculum teaching process. In practice, we summarized the five steps of "guidance, experience, perception, summary, sharing".
Key Words: Outward bound; College physical education; Feasibility; Influence; Curriculum design
拓展訓(xùn)練屬于我國教育改革背景下一種新興的體育教學(xué)模式,其對大學(xué)生的體育鍛煉意識與團隊合作精神培養(yǎng)非常重要,也更有利于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生健全的人格,有效促進學(xué)生綜合素質(zhì)的快速有效提升。為此,高校體育教學(xué)必須充分認識到拓展訓(xùn)練活動開展的可行性與現(xiàn)實影響,并思考如何提出有效教學(xué)策略,科學(xué)合理設(shè)計課程內(nèi)容[1]。
1? 關(guān)于拓展訓(xùn)練
拓展訓(xùn)練主要利用自然地域與各種設(shè)施引導(dǎo)參與者展開體育訓(xùn)練體驗,并從中深層次感悟拓展訓(xùn)練活動中所涵蓋的各種理念,在反思過程中獲取知識、改變行為、培養(yǎng)自身良好的心性品質(zhì),它屬于一種動態(tài)的教育模式,所以它還被稱之為“外展訓(xùn)練”(Outward Bound)。在中國,“拓展訓(xùn)練”作為一種體驗式的體育教育模式存在,在多年來不斷的拓展發(fā)展過程中已經(jīng)形成了自己一套全新的教育理念與學(xué)習(xí)模式,是中國戶外體育式教育的主打品牌。拓展訓(xùn)練中所包含的內(nèi)容相當豐富,如定向運動、戶外培訓(xùn)、戶外極限運動、主題式冒險、拓展旅游等。現(xiàn)如今,伴隨著學(xué)校體育拓展訓(xùn)練這一教育行為理念的出現(xiàn),拓展訓(xùn)練也已經(jīng)愈發(fā)適應(yīng)了現(xiàn)代教育發(fā)展需要,更多突出現(xiàn)代體育教育理念內(nèi)涵內(nèi)容,迎合高校體育課程改革發(fā)展趨勢,對校園體育文化、體育教學(xué)內(nèi)容都是一種極大豐富[2]。