王有姣
【摘要】本文就高考全國(guó)II卷語(yǔ)法填空題中無(wú)提示詞的幾種情況做了詳細(xì)的剖析和解題技巧的介紹并配有典型的例句。從介詞、代詞、冠詞和并列連詞和從屬連詞四大方面講解。
【關(guān)鍵詞】語(yǔ)法填空 無(wú)提示詞 解題技巧
高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空題型設(shè)置分為有提示詞和無(wú)提示詞兩種題型,其中無(wú)提示詞占4.5左右。經(jīng)過(guò)筆者多年教學(xué)實(shí)踐總結(jié),無(wú)提示詞部分在冠詞、代詞、介詞、并列連詞和從屬連詞設(shè)題,其中尤其注重對(duì)三大從句的考查。
一、冠詞a/an/the
空格后有名詞且表示泛指或特指含義,或有序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)、表示特指意義的比較級(jí)等,空格處要填冠詞。冠詞考察的是a和an表示泛指時(shí)an的特殊性,而the則表示特指范疇。
The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed,the other is with mum—she never suspects.
He owned a farm,which looked almost abandoned.
二、介詞
當(dāng)名詞或代詞在句中不作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí),則前面填介詞。通常是介詞與動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞的搭配。在日常學(xué)習(xí)中應(yīng)注意對(duì)詞組的積累和誦讀。
Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.
Dont laugh at me.I may look funny.
三、代詞
句中缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí),一般要填代詞,包括人稱(chēng)代詞,不定代詞.這其中考查最多的是it的用法。
Its not easy to learn a foreign language.
I find it easy to get on with Jim.
四、并列連詞
一般空格前后是兩個(gè)并列成分,如兩個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)完整的詞、句子、短語(yǔ)等,而且相并列的成分相互之間存在并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇、因果關(guān)系。
It was time for her to have a new baby,and it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
When you smile not only do you feel happy,but you also bring a ray of light into the lives of others.
遞進(jìn)關(guān)系:and; both...and...; not only...but( also)... 等 選擇關(guān)系:or;either...or...;not...but...等。
轉(zhuǎn)折/對(duì)比:but;while等. 因果:so,for等。
并列連詞的常用句式:祈使句+and/or+陳述句(and表示順承;or表示轉(zhuǎn)折)
五、從屬連詞
主要是對(duì)狀語(yǔ)從句,名詞性從句和定語(yǔ)從句。首先要判斷出是否為從句。定語(yǔ)從句,需判斷句中缺少的是什么成分。名詞性從句,缺什么補(bǔ)什么。針對(duì)狀語(yǔ)從句,則要進(jìn)一步確定是什么狀語(yǔ)。
They live in a small house,in front of which stands an orange tree.
They live in a small house,and in front of it stands an orange tree.
The news that they won the match is true.
The news that/which you told me yesterday is true.
在實(shí)際解題過(guò)程中,學(xué)子們不能脫離對(duì)文章的整體理解,在做題時(shí)可以將10個(gè)題中的有提示詞先完成,再將以上五個(gè)方面對(duì)無(wú)提示詞題逐個(gè)篩查和判斷,利用排除法,做題的效率和準(zhǔn)確率一定會(huì)有很大的提高。