朱 敏, 張 雯, 鮑旭霞, 李文偉△
(復(fù)旦大學(xué) 1附屬中山醫(yī)院中西醫(yī)結(jié)合實驗室, 2附屬眼耳鼻喉科醫(yī)院實驗研究中心,上海 200032)
Mfn2在環(huán)孢素A誘導(dǎo)HeLa細胞生長停滯中的作用*
朱敏1, 2,張雯1,鮑旭霞1,李文偉1△
(復(fù)旦大學(xué)1附屬中山醫(yī)院中西醫(yī)結(jié)合實驗室,2附屬眼耳鼻喉科醫(yī)院實驗研究中心,上海 200032)
[摘要]目的: 探討環(huán)孢素A (TSA) 對HeLa細胞中線粒體融合蛋白 2(Mfn2)表達水平極其下游通路的影響。方法: 運用不同濃度的TSA處理HeLa細胞,分別檢測細胞增殖、細胞凋亡以及細胞的周期改變;Western blot檢測Ras、p-Raf、Raf、p-ERK、ERK、p-Akt、Akt和Mfn2的蛋白水平;real-time PCR檢測Mfn2 mRNA的表達水平;用免疫共沉淀法檢測Mfn2與Ras結(jié)合的水平。將HeLa細胞過表達Mfn2后,觀察上述指標的改變。結(jié)果: TSA對HeLa的抑制作用呈劑量依賴和時間依賴的特點。HeLa細胞經(jīng)TSA處理后,Mfn2的mRNA和蛋白表達水平均顯著增高,Mfn2與Ras的結(jié)合升高,Raf和ERK的磷酸化水平降低。過表達Mfn2抑制了Ras-Raf-ERK通路并誘導(dǎo)了HeLa細胞的生長阻滯,但對細胞的凋亡水平影響較小。結(jié)論: Mfn2參與了TSA誘導(dǎo)的HeLa細胞生長阻滯,其效應(yīng)可能是通過抑制Ras-Raf-ERK通路實現(xiàn)的。
[關(guān)鍵詞]環(huán)孢素A; Mfn2; HeLa細胞; 細胞增殖; Ras-Raf-ERK通路
宮頸癌是導(dǎo)致女性死亡的重要殺手,嚴重影響女性的生命健康。近年來多項研究表明,在宮頸癌的發(fā)生發(fā)展過程中,往往會出現(xiàn)組蛋白去乙?;?histone deacetylase,HDAC)的表達增高,進而導(dǎo)致與抑腫瘤基因增強子結(jié)合的組蛋白乙?;浇档投龠M腫瘤的進展[1-2]。環(huán)孢素A(trichostatin A,TSA)是一種HDAC抑制劑,越來越多的證據(jù)顯示,TSA的確具有抑制宮頸癌細胞增殖的作用[3-4]。但是,TSA是一種廣譜抑制劑,會影響很多分子的表達,因此,它具體通過哪些關(guān)鍵的分子途徑而起作用仍不清楚,影響了TSA的進一步開發(fā)。我們最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在神經(jīng)毒劑MPP+損傷的SH-SY5Y細胞中,低劑量的TSA(0.1 nmol/L)可以升高其線粒體融合蛋白2(mitofusin 2,Mfn2)的表達水平并起到保護作用,而對未損傷細胞中的Mfn2沒有影響[5]。抑制腫瘤增殖一般采用高劑量的TSA,高劑量的TSA是否也是通過影響了Mfn2的表達水平而起作用尚不清楚。特別是Mfn2在惡性腫瘤的發(fā)生發(fā)展中是促進作用還是抑制作用仍然存在爭議。為此,本文觀察TSA對宮頸癌細胞系HeLa細胞中Mfn2表達水平及其下游通路的影響,為揭示TSA治療宮頸癌的分子機制提供新的證據(jù)。
材料和方法
1試劑
TSA、小鼠抗人β-actin抗體(Sigma);PI/RNase染色液(BD), 線粒體定位蛋白-RFP試劑盒(Molecular Probes);BrdU ELISA試劑盒 (上海麥約爾公司);兔抗人Ras、p-Raf、Raf、p-ERK、ERK、p-Akt和Akt抗體(CST);小鼠抗人Mfn2抗體(Abcam);TRIzol試劑(Invitrogen);PrimeScript RT逆轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒和SYBR Premix Ex Taq試劑盒(TaKaRa)。
2細胞培養(yǎng)與處理
HeLa細胞購自美國標準生物品收藏中心(American Type Culture Collection,ATCC),用含有10%胎牛血清的DMEM培養(yǎng)液進行培養(yǎng)。傳代過夜后進行轉(zhuǎn)染或給藥,給藥前更換培養(yǎng)液為不含血清的DMEM培養(yǎng)液。
3主要方法
3.1細胞活力的測定將CCK-8直接加入HeLa細胞培養(yǎng)液中,37 ℃培養(yǎng)1 h后,經(jīng)酶標儀檢測450 nm的吸光度以反映細胞活力的變化。每組樣品準備3個復(fù)孔,每次實驗重復(fù)3次。
3.2細胞凋亡的測定收集HeLa細胞,通過Annexin V-FITC細胞凋亡檢測試劑盒染色,用流式細胞術(shù)檢測細胞凋亡的變化。
3.3細胞增殖的測定通過BrdU ELISA試劑盒染色細胞后,經(jīng)酶標儀檢測370 nm的吸光度以反映細胞增殖的變化。每組樣品準備3個復(fù)孔,每次實驗重復(fù)3次。
3.4細胞周期的檢測收集HeLa細胞,用PBS緩沖液重懸,經(jīng)75%乙醇固定細胞后,用PBS緩沖液清洗2遍。加入500 μL的PI/RNase染色液室溫避光染色30 min。用流式細胞術(shù)檢測細胞DNA含量的變化。
3.5線粒體形態(tài)的觀察用線粒體定位蛋白-RFP試劑盒轉(zhuǎn)染HeLa細胞,24 h后通過激光共聚焦顯微鏡觀察細胞線粒體形態(tài)的變化。
3.6Western blot實驗 收集HeLa細胞并裂解細胞,收集蛋白通過Western blot分析。使用的 I 抗如下:兔抗人Ras、p-Raf、Raf、p-ERK、ERK、p-Akt和Akt(稀釋比例均為1∶1 000),小鼠抗人Mfn2(1∶1 000),β-actin(1∶5 000)。
3.7RNA提取和real-time PCR實驗采用TRIzol試劑提取HeLa細胞的總RNA。用PrimeScript RT試劑盒將總RNA逆轉(zhuǎn)錄得到cDNA,再用SYBR Premix Ex Taq試劑盒進行PCR擴增。Mfn2的上游引物為5’-CTCTCGATGCAACTCTATCGTC-3’, 下游引物為5’-CTTGGCAGTGACAAAGTGCTT-3’; GAPDH的上游引物為5’-CCACTCCTCCACCTTTGAC-3’, 下游引物為5’-ACCCTGTTGCTGTAGCCA-3’。PCR反應(yīng)條件為:95 ℃ 30 s; 58 ℃ 30 s,72 ℃ 30 s,共35個循環(huán)。每組樣品準備3個復(fù)孔,得到的數(shù)據(jù)采用2-ΔΔCt進行計算,每次實驗重復(fù)4次。
3.8蛋白免疫共沉淀收集HeLa細胞后通過RIPA裂解液冰上裂解,12 000×g離心20 min后取上清,加入小鼠抗人Mfn2的I 抗4 ℃孵育過夜,再加入protein A/G瓊脂糖珠孵育2 h。經(jīng)免疫共沉淀得到的蛋白再通過Western blot分析,檢測Ras蛋白水平。
3.9瞬時轉(zhuǎn)染首先通過分子克隆技術(shù)將人Mfn2全長cDNA裝入pCMV6-AC-IRES-GFP表達質(zhì)粒中,然后用FuGENE HD轉(zhuǎn)染試劑瞬時轉(zhuǎn)染HeLa細胞,6 h后更換為正常細胞培養(yǎng)液。
4統(tǒng)計學(xué)處理
實驗數(shù)據(jù)以均數(shù)±標準誤(mean±SEM)表示,用GraphPad Prism統(tǒng)計軟件進行分析:先單因素或雙因素方差分析再通過Bonferroni法進行兩兩比較,或非配對雙尾t檢驗的方法進行比較,以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。
結(jié)果
1TSA對 HeLa細胞增殖及其凋亡的影響
我們分別用0.2、0.4、0.8 μmol/L的TSA處理 HeLa細胞1~4 d后,用CCK-8染色的方法測定細胞的活力。結(jié)果顯示,TSA對HeLa細胞活力的抑制作用隨著TSA作用劑量的加大和作用時間的延長逐漸增強,呈劑量依賴和時間依賴的特點。最初2 d各劑量組間的差異不顯著;自第3天觀察時點開始,各劑量組間的差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見圖1。
我們進一步運用了流式細胞術(shù)檢測了TSA對HeLa細胞凋亡的影響。結(jié)果顯示, 隨著TSA作用的劑量增加和時間延長,HeLa細胞的凋亡率逐漸上升, 經(jīng)0.4和0.8 μmol/L TSA進一步處理3 d后,2組的凋亡率與對照組相比有顯著差異(P<0.05); 經(jīng)TSA處理4 d后,各處理組的凋亡率與對照組相比差異均有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。此外,ELISA BrdU試劑盒檢測TSA對HeLa細胞增殖的影響發(fā)現(xiàn),細胞經(jīng)0.4和0.8 μmol/L TSA處理3 d后,HeLa細胞增殖被有效抑制(P<0.05)。我們還運用流式細胞術(shù)分析了TSA對HeLa細胞周期相分布情況的影響,結(jié)果顯示,細胞經(jīng)0.4和0.8 μmol/L TSA處理3 d后,G2/M 相細胞的數(shù)量顯著增加(P<0.05),而相應(yīng)的G1和S相的數(shù)量顯著減少(P<0.05),該結(jié)果更加證實了TSA對HeLa細胞增殖的抑制作用,見圖1。
Figure 1.TSA reduces the viability of HeLa cells by inducing cell apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation. HeLa cells were treated with TSA and the cell viability was measured at 1, 2, 3 and 4 d of treatment. Meanwhile, cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. TSA treatment reduced cell viability (A) and initiated apoptosis (B) both in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Cell proliferation was assayed using an ELISA BrdU kit at 3 d of TSA exposure, and meanwhile cell cycle phase distribution was detected by flow cytometry. TSA at 0.4 and 0.8 μmol/L resulted in a remarkable decrease in cell proliferation (C) and a significant increase in the number of cells at the G2/M phase (D). Mean±SEM.n=3.*P<0.05vscontrol.
圖1TSA對HeLa細胞活力和增殖的影響
2TSA對HeLa細胞Mfn2表達的影響
0.4 μmol/L的TSA處理HeLa細胞3 d后收集細胞檢測Mfn2蛋白及mRNA水平。結(jié)果顯示,與對照組相比,HeLa細胞經(jīng)TSA處理后,其Mfn2的蛋白水平及 mRNA表達水平均顯著增高(P<0.05),見圖2。
由于Mfn2是一種線粒體融合蛋白,于是,我們進一步觀察TSA誘導(dǎo)的Mfn2表達上調(diào)是否伴隨有線粒體形態(tài)的改變。先用線粒體靶向RFP 試劑盒轉(zhuǎn)染HeLa細胞24 h,然后用不同劑量的TSA(0.2、0.4、0.8 μmol/L)處理細胞3 d,激光共聚焦圖片顯示與對照組細胞相比,經(jīng)過TSA處理的HeLa細胞中的線粒體明顯增長,見圖2。
Figure 2.TSA caused mitochondrial elongation and promoted Mfn2 expression in the HeLa cells. HeLa cells were treated with TSA at doses of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 μmol/L for 3 d. A: representative images show that TSA induced mitochondrial elongation in the HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner; B: representative immuno-blotting images and semi-quantitative analysis show that Mfn2 protein in the HeLa cells was remarkably elevated after exposed to 0.4 μmol/L TSA for 3 d; C: real-time PCR analysis demonstrate that Mfn2 mRNA level in the HeLa cells was magnificently increased after treatment with 0.4 μmol/L TSA for 3 d. Mean±SEM.n=4.*P<0.05vscontrol.
圖2TSA對Mfn2表達和線粒體形態(tài)的影響
3TSA促進HeLa細胞中Mfn2與Ras的相互結(jié)合并抑制Ras-Raf-ERK通路
為研究Mfn2增高后的下游分子通路,我們觀察了TSA 對Mfn2與Ras相互結(jié)合的影響。結(jié)果顯示HeLa細胞經(jīng)0.4 μmol/L的TSA處理3 d后,以Mfn2單克隆抗體沉淀細胞裂解液中的特定蛋白供co-IP分析,免疫沉淀復(fù)合物分離后用Western blot分析。結(jié)果顯示, 在通常狀態(tài)下,HeLa細胞中Mfn2與Ras存在少量結(jié)合,但細胞經(jīng)TSA 處理后,與Mfn2結(jié)合的Ras顯著升高(P<0.05);Ras-Raf-ERK通路的下游分子Raf和ERK的磷酸化水平則顯著降低(P<0.05),見圖3。
Figure 3.TSA(0.4 μmol/L) increased Mfn2 interaction with Ras and inhibited Ras-Raf-ERK pathway in the HeLa cells. Mean±SEM.n=4.*P<0.05vscontrol.
圖3TSA對Mfn2與Ras 結(jié)合和Ras-Raf-ERK通路的影響
4Mfn2過表達抑制HeLa細胞的增殖
為了進一步分析Mfn2在TSA介導(dǎo)的生長阻滯和凋亡中可能的作用與地位,我們在HeLa細胞中轉(zhuǎn)染了含人Mfn2 cDNA和IRES-GFP的質(zhì)粒,轉(zhuǎn)染3 d后收集細胞供Western blot分析;結(jié)果顯示,與轉(zhuǎn)染了空載體(vector)的細胞相比,過表達Mfn2組細胞的Mfn2蛋白表達顯著升高。同時,我們觀察了Mfn2過表達后線粒體的形態(tài)改變, HeLa細胞過表Mfn2蛋白3 d后,與轉(zhuǎn)染了空載體的對照組細胞相比其線粒體的長度顯著增長,這提示細胞Mfn2蛋白過表達的技術(shù)是成熟穩(wěn)定的,并且過表達的蛋白質(zhì)具有活性。接著我們觀察了過表達Mfn2對HeLa細胞活力和凋亡的影響,結(jié)果顯示Mfn2過表達第3天的HeLa細胞活力顯著降低,第4天這種差別更加明顯(P<0.05),但是,Mfn2過表達第3天 的HeLa細胞凋亡水平則無明顯變化,延長觀察1 d出現(xiàn)了少量的細胞凋亡(P< 0.05)。
我們采用ELISA BrdU試劑盒檢測Mfn2過表達對HeLa細胞增殖的影響,并運用流式細胞術(shù)分析了Mfn2過表達對細胞周期時相的影響,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)細胞過表達Mfn2蛋白3 d后,HeLa細胞增殖明顯受抑制,同時處于G2/M 相的細胞數(shù)量顯著增加,而同時G1和S相的細胞則顯著減少,見圖4。
5Mfn2過表達促進Mfn2與Ras的結(jié)合并抑制Ras-Raf-ERK通路
為了揭示過表達Mfn2對HeLa 細胞中Ras-Raf-ERK通路的影響,我們運用免疫共沉淀的方法分析了過表達Mfn2蛋白3 d后,HeLa細胞中Mfn2與Ras相互結(jié)合的情況,同時,還檢測了Raf和ERK的磷酸化水平,結(jié)果顯示,與對照組相比,Mfn2過表達細胞中與Mfn2結(jié)合的Ras水平明顯增高,而同時Raf和ERK的磷酸化水平則顯著降低,見圖5。
討論
組蛋白乙?;菃愚D(zhuǎn)錄的重要步驟,組蛋白的乙?;绞鞘?個作用相反的酶調(diào)節(jié)的:組蛋白乙酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶和HDAC,HDAC通過與基因的增強子結(jié)合從而抑制該基因的轉(zhuǎn)錄。研究表明,很多的癌癥患者存在該酶量的增加和活性的增強[6-7],導(dǎo)致抑癌基因的表達下調(diào)進而引發(fā)惡性腫瘤的發(fā)生和進展[2, 8-9];因此,HDAC抑制劑被認為是一種具有潛在前景的抗癌藥物,但大多數(shù)的藥物具有嚴重毒性。TSA是一種廣泛運用的HDAC抑制劑,毒性相對較小,繼往的研究顯示,該藥可以顯著導(dǎo)致惡性腫瘤生長阻滯和癌細胞壞死[3, 10-11]。本研究中,我們觀察到TSA可以顯著抑制宮頸癌HeLa細胞的增殖,同時促進該細胞的凋亡。進一步,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)HeLa細胞經(jīng)過TSA處理后,處于G2/M 相的細胞數(shù)量顯著增加,而G1和S相的數(shù)量則顯著減少;提示TSA對HeLa細胞增殖的抑制可能是由于誘發(fā)了細胞的生長阻滯于G2/M 相引起的。
Figure 4.Mfn2 overexpression reduced cell viability mainly through inhibiting cell proliferation in the HeLa cells. Mitochondrial morphology was observed after Mfn2 transfection for 3 d, representative images (A) show that mitochondria were magnificently elongated in the cells overexpressed with Mfn2; representative immunoblotting images (B) show that Mfn2 level was remarkably elevated in the cells overexpressed with Mfn2; Mfn2 overexpression reduced cell viability remarkably since 3 d of transfection (C), whereas only a small amount of apoptotic cells was detected after transfection for 4 d (D); Mfn2 overexpression resulted in a robust decrease in cell proliferation (E) and a significant increase in the number of cells in the G2/M phase (F). Mean±SEM.n=4.*P<0.05vsvector.
圖4Mfn2過表達對HeLa細胞活力的影響
Figure 5.Mfn2 overexpression remarkably increased the interaction of Mfn2 with Ras and inhibited Ras-Raf-ERK pathway in the HeLa cells. Mean±SEM.n=4.*P<0.05vsvector.
圖5Mfn2過表達對Ras-Raf-ERK通路的影響
TSA是一種廣譜的HDAC抑制劑,有很多基因的表達會受到該抑制劑的影響,但具體為哪種基因的表達產(chǎn)物會對腫瘤細胞的生物學(xué)性狀產(chǎn)生關(guān)鍵影響尚未闡釋清楚。我們此前的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),低劑量的TSA可以升高SH-SY5Y細胞損傷模型中Mfn2的表達,并對細胞起到保護作用,但對未損傷細胞中的Mfn2則沒有影響[5],Mfn2是否在TSA介導(dǎo)的HeLa細胞生長阻滯中也起到重要作用值得關(guān)注。我們的結(jié)果顯示,大劑量的TSA(0.4 μmol/L)可以顯著促進Mfn2的表達,并且伴隨有線粒體的延長;進一步的實驗表明處理后的細胞中Mfn2 的mRNA表達水平也顯著升高,提示大劑量的TSA可以在轉(zhuǎn)錄或轉(zhuǎn)錄前水平影響Mfn2的表達。眾所周知,Mfn2是一種線粒體融合蛋白,而過去的研究表明線粒體的融合受損會導(dǎo)致癌細胞的凋亡減少而增殖增加[12-13];那么相應(yīng)的Mfn2表達的增高可能導(dǎo)致癌細胞的凋亡減少和增殖增加。但另外的研究卻表明,Mfn2除了參與線粒體融合外,可以與Ras結(jié)合并阻滯Ras-Raf-ERK通路的激活從而對細胞的增殖產(chǎn)生抑制效應(yīng)[14-18]。我們的結(jié)果顯示,過表達Mfn2 的確導(dǎo)致了HeLa細胞線粒體的延長,但過表達4 d后細胞的凋亡水平僅有少量增加;而細胞的增殖則受到顯著抑制;在過表達Mfn2的細胞中,該蛋白與Ras的結(jié)合顯著增加,而Raf和ERK的磷酸化水平則降低,提示細胞的增殖下降可能是由于Ras-Raf-ERK通路受到抑制導(dǎo)致的。給予高劑量的TSA處理后,在Mfn2表達增高的同時,也會出現(xiàn)Mfn2與Ras結(jié)合的增加,并且Raf和ERK的活化受到抑制。上述現(xiàn)象顯示Mfn2在TSA誘導(dǎo)的HeLa細胞生長阻滯中具有重要地位,其效應(yīng)可能是通過抑制了Ras-Raf-ERK通路實現(xiàn)的。需要指出的是,HeLa細胞經(jīng)TSA處理后,細胞的凋亡顯著增加,而過表達Mfn2后細胞的凋亡僅有少量增加,這表明還有其它重要機制參于了TSA的腫瘤抑制作用,這需要進一步的實驗研究。
[參考文獻]
[2]Huang BH, Laban M, Leung CH, et al. Inhibition of histone deacetylase 2 increases apoptosis and p21Cip1/WAF1 expression, independent of histone deacetylase 1[J]. Cell Death Differ, 2005, 12(4):395-404.
[3]You BR, Park WH. Trichostatin A induces apoptotic cell death of HeLa cells in a Bcl-2 and oxidative stress-dependent manner[J]. Int J Oncol, 2013, 42(1):359-366.
[4]Yu J, Mi J, Wang Y, et al. Regulation of radiosensitivity by HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A in the human cervical carcinoma cell line HeLa[J]. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol, 2012, 33(3):285-290.
[5]Zhu M, Li WW, Lu CZ. Histone decacetylase inhibitors prevent mitochondrial fragmentation and elicit early neuroprotection against MPP+[J]. CNS Neurosci Ther, 2014, 20(4):308-316.
[6]Lehmann A, Denkert C, Budczies J, et al. High class I HDAC activity and expression are associated with RelA/p65 activation in pancreatic cancerinvitroandinvivo[J]. BMC Cancer, 2009, 9:395.
[7]Wang L, Zou X, Berger AD, et al. Increased expression of histone deacetylaces (HDACs) and inhibition of prostate cancer growth and invasion by HDAC inhibitor SAHA[J]. Am J Transl Res, 2009, 1(1):62-71.
[8]Wilson AJ, Byun DS, Popova N, et al. Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) and other class I HDACs regulate colon cell maturation and p21 expression and are deregulated in human colon cancer[J]. J Biol Chem, 2006, 281(19):13548-13558.
[9]Zhang Z, Yamashita H, Toyama T, et al. Quantitation of HDAC1 mRNA expression in invasive carcinoma of the breast[J]. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2005, 94(1):11-16.
[10]Anh TD, Ahn MY, Kim SA, et al. The histone deacetylase inhibitor, Trichostatin A, induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in YD-10B oral squamous carcinoma cells[J]. Oncol Rep, 2012, 27(2):455-460.
[11]He G, Wang Y, Pang X, et al. Inhibition of autophagy induced by TSA sensitizes colon cancer cell to radiation[J]. Tumour Biol, 2013, 35(2):1003-1011.
[12]Boland ML, Chourasia AH, Macleod KF. Mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer[J]. Front Oncol, 2013, 3:292.
[13]da Silva AF, Mariotti FR, Maximo V, et al. Mitochondria dynamism: of shape, transport and cell migration[J]. Cell Mol Life Sci, 2014, 71(12):2313-2324.
[14]Chen KH, Guo X, Ma D, et al. Dysregulation of HSG triggers vascular proliferative disorders[J]. Nat Cell Biol, 2004, 6(9):872-883.
[15]Guo X, Chen KH, Guo Y, et al. Mitofusin 2 triggers vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis via mitochondrial death pathway[J]. Circ Res, 2007, 101(11):1113-1122.
[16]Shen T, Zheng M, Cao C, et al. Mitofusin-2 is a major determinant of oxidative stress-mediated heart muscle cell apoptosis[J]. J Biol Chem, 2007, 282(32):23354-23361.
[17]Wu L, Li Z, Zhang Y, et al. Adenovirus-expressed human hyperplasia suppressor gene induces apoptosis in cancer cells[J]. Mol Cancer Ther, 2008, 7(1):222-232.
[18]Chen KH, Dasgupta A, Ding J, et al. Role of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) in controlling cellular proliferation[J]. FASEB J, 2014, 28(1):382-394.
(責(zé)任編輯: 林白霜, 余小慧)
Role of Mfn2 in mediating trichostatin A-induced growth arrest in HeLa cells
ZHU Min1, 2, ZHANG Wen1, BAO Xu-xia1, LI Wen-wei1
(1LaboratoryofIntegrativeMedicine,ZhongshanHospital,2ExperimentalResearchCenter,AffiliatedHospitalofOphthalmology&Otorhinolaryngology,FudanUniversity,Shanghai200032,China.E-mail:wenweili2000@aliyun.com)
[ABSTRACT]AIM: To investigate the roles of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) in mediating trichostatin A (TSA)-induced growth arrest and the underlying mechanism. METHODS: After treating with different doses of TSA or over-expression of Mfn2, the proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of HeLa cells were analyzed. The protein levels of Ras, p-Raf, Raf, p-ERK, ERK, p-Akt, Akt and Mfn2 were determined by Western blot. The mRNA expression of Mfn2 was detected by real-time PCR. The interaction between Mfn2 and Ras was probed by co-immunoprecipitation. RESULTS: TSA inhibited cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis and a cell-cycle arrest at G2/M phase in a dose and time dependent manner in the HeLa cells. TSA induced up-regulation of Mfn2 at mRNA and protein levels, improved interaction between Mfn2 and Ras and decreased the phosphorylation levels of Raf and ERK. However, Mfn2 over-expression hardly caused cell apoptosis, yet it resulted in severe growth arrest by inhibiting Ras-Raf-ERK pathway in the HeLa cells. CONCLUSION: TSA might trigger HeLa cell arrest by increasing Mfn2 expression and thus inhibiting the activity of Ras-Raf-ERK pathway.
[KEY WORDS]Trichostatin A; Mfn2; HeLa cells; Cell proliferation; Ras-Raf-ERK pathway
[文章編號]1000- 4718(2016)01- 0095- 06
[收稿日期]2015- 06- 01[修回日期] 2015- 09- 01
*[基金項目]上海市中醫(yī)藥發(fā)展三年行動計劃重大項目(No. ZY3-CCCX-1-1015);上海市科技支撐項目(No. 12401901003)
通訊作者△Tel: 021-64041990-3444; E-mail: wenweili2000@aliyun.com
[中圖分類號]R730.23
[文獻標志碼]A
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000- 4718.2016.01.016