ZENG Hui, LI Yu

(1.Institute of Edible Fungi，F(xiàn)ujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,FuzhouFujian350014;2.Nationa and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Breeding & Cultivation of Featured Edible Fungi, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,FuzhouFujian350014; 3.Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi,Jilin Agricultural University, ChangchunJilin130118)

〈菌蕈文化〉

The Checklist of GenusRussulaon Stamps Issued

ZENG Hui1，2，3, LI Yu3*

(1.Institute of Edible Fungi，F(xiàn)ujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,FuzhouFujian350014;2.Nationa and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Breeding & Cultivation of Featured Edible Fungi, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,FuzhouFujian350014; 3.Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi,Jilin Agricultural University, ChangchunJilin130118)

249 pieces stamps of GenusRussula, covering 70 species were reported to be issued from 79 countries or regions until 2013, 165 pieces of them come from Africa, and 32 species of them have not been recorded in China. The resource distribution ofRussulain the world was preliminary described in inch of land.

GenusRussula; Stamps; Checklist

1 Introduction

RussulaPers.(1796) is a kind of mycorrhiza macrofungus, in classification, it belongs to Russulaceae Lotsy, Russulales Kreisel ex P.M.Kirk, P.F.Cannon & J.C.David, Incertae sedis, Agaricomycetes, Agaricomycotina, Basidiomycota. Kirk et al.[1]and Romagnesi, et al.[2]described that it was very important group in fungi system and phylogenetic development.

Wang et al.[3]reported that there were 300 species in GenusRussulaworldwide, but right now we can find it has 2 629 records in www.Indexfungorum.org.And Song et al.[4]noted that there were 159 records including 148 species,9 varietas and 2 forma in China.

Kirk et al.[1],Romagnesi et al.[2]and Pegler et al.[5]described that the mycelia of genusRussulausually had no clamp connection, every parts of their fruitbodies especially the gills were crisp, their stipes were short and thick,and the caps had often some kinds of colors, so it is a large amount genus to be classified difficultly.

Since Romania issued first set mushroom stamps in 1958,Zeng et al.[6]recorded 1 019 sets with 3 700 pieces mushroom stamps from 232 countries or regions, which covered 267 genera and 1 143 species. And firstRussulastamp was issued in Mongolia on 1st January 1964,as the biggest species in all,Russulaappears 249 times in stamps,including 70 species,from 79 countries or regions by 2013.Among them, 165 pieces of them come from Africa,and 32 species of them have been not recorded in China according to the reports by Mao[7],Song et al.[4]and Dai et al.[8,9].

2 List of Species in Stamps

2.1Russulaadusta(Pers.)Fr.

Edible and medicinal[4].

Issued by GEORGIA(2000).

2.2R.aerugineaFr.

Edible or poison[4].

Issued by MALI(1996),CHUVASHASKAYA,local region in RUSSIA(1998),TANZANIA(1999),MONGOLIA(2003).

2.3R.amoenaQuél.

Edible[4].

Issued by GUYANA(1997),SIERRA LEONE(2000).

CONGO-DEMOCRACY(2003),GUINEA(2006twice, 2007twice).

2.4*R.annulataR.Heim

No recorder in China.

Issued by MADAGASCAR (1991, 1993).

2.5R.archaeaR.Heim

No recorder in China.

Issued by MADAGASCAR(1991,1993).

2.6R.atropurpurea(Krombh.) Britzelm.

Edible[4].

Issued by KOREA DPR (1995),KOMI, local region in RUSSIA (1998).

2.7R.aurataFr.

No record in China.

Issued by VIET NAM(1987),BHUTAN(1989),MALDIVE ISLANDS(1992, 1995),GHANA(1993) ,TOGO (1998),COMORO (1999),CONGO-DEMOCRACY(2003).

2.8R.aureaPers.

Edible and medicinal[4].

Issued by ABKHAZIA, local region in GEORGIA(2007).

2.9R.aureotactaR.Heim

No record in China.

Issued by MADAGASCAR(1991,1993).

2.10R.bicolorBurl.

No record in China.

Issued by JORDAN(2010).

2.11R.brevipesPerk

Edible[4].

Issued by ZAMBIA(1998).

2.12R.brunneoridigaBuyck

No record in China.

Issued by BURUNDI(1992,1993).

2.13R.caerulea(Pers.)Fr.

Edible[4].

Issued by MORDOVIA,local region in RUSSIA(1999),MALDIVE ISLANDS(2001).

2.14R.capensisA.Pearson

Issued by CISKEI (1987).

2.15R.cavipesBritzelm.

Issued by COMORO (1999).

2.16R.chloroidesvar.godavariensisAdhikari

No record in China.

Issued by NEPAL(2008).

2.17R.chrysodacryonSinger(=R.sardoniaFr.)

No record in China.

Issued by GUINEA-BISSAU(2009).

2.18R.citrinipesR.Heim

No record in China.

Issued by MADAGASCAR(1991,1993).

2.19R.claroflavaGrove (≡R.flavaRomell)

Edible[4].

Issued by MONGOLIA(1978),GUYANA(1996).

2.20R.compactaFrost.

Edible[4].

Issued by MALI(1996).

2.21R.cremeolilacinaPegler

Edible[4].

Issued by TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS(1994),GRENADACARRIACOU & PETITE MARTINIQUE(2009).

2.22R.cyanoxantha(Scheaff.)Fr.

Edible and medicinal[4].

Issued by MONGOLIA(1978),KOREA DPR(1986),ROMANIA(1986),SIERRA LEONE(1988),GHANA(1993, 2000),SPAIN(1993),SAINT THOMAS AND PRINCE(1995,2003),KOMI,local region in RUSSIA(1998),LIBERIA(1999, 2007),TURKMENISTAN (1999),SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES (2001),GUINEA-BISSAU(2008),MALAWI(2008),CHAD(2010).

2.23R.decolorans(Fr.)Fr.

Edible[4].

Issued by SWEDEN(1978),CHUVASHASKAYA,local region in RUSSIA(1998).

2.24R.delicaFr.

Edible and medicinal[4].

Issued by MONGOLIA(1964),INGUSHETIA,local region in RUSSIA(1999).

2.25R.emetica(Schaeff.)Pers.

Poison or medicinal[10].

Issued by DOMINICA(1991),VIETNAM(1991),HONDURAS(1995),TOGO(1995),MALI(1996),LIBERIA(1999,2001),MORDOVIA,local region in RUSSIA(1999),GRENADACARRIACOU & PETITE MARTINIQUE (2000),EL SALVADOR (2001),LESOTHO(2001),GUINEA(2008),ROMANIA(2008), GUINEA-BISSAU(2010,2013),MOZAMBIQUE(2010),BULGARIA(2011),CONGO-DEMOCRACY(2011),MALAWI (2011),CENTRAL AFRICA (2011),BURUNDI(2012).

2.26R.fistulosaR.Heim

No record in China.

Issued by MADAGASCAR(1991,1993).

2.27R.foetens(Pers.)Pers.

Poison or medicinal[10].

Issued by COMORO(1992),ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA(1997),BARBUDA(1999),TANZANIA(1999),MALAWI (2008), CHAD (2010), GUINEA-BISSAU(2010).

2.28R.foetidaG.W.Martin

No record in China.

Issued by CHAD(1997),TOGO(1998).

2.29R.fragilisFr.

Poison[4].

Issued by MALI(1996).

2.30R.griseaFr.

Edible[4].

Issued by CHAD(2012).

2.31R.heliochromaR.Heim

No record in China.

Issued by MADAGASCAR(1991,1993).

2.32*R.hygrophyticaPegler

No record in China.

Issued by DOMINICA(1994).

2.33R.immaculate(Beeli)Dennis

No record in China.

Issued by BURUNDI(1992).

2.34R.ingensBuyck

No record in China.

Issued by BURUNDI(1992,1993).

2.35R.integra(L.)Fr.

Edible and medicinal[4].

Issued by KOREA DPR(1991,2002),GUYANA(1991),SWEDEN (1996), BHUTAN (2002), SAINT THOMAS AND PRINCE (2003) , CHAD (2012).

2.36R.kathmanduensisAdhikari

No record in China.

Issued by NEPAL(2006).

2.37R.laurocerasiMelzer

Edible and medicinal[4].

Issued by TOGO(1995),MALI (1996).

2.38R.mariaePeck.

Edible[4].

Issued by MALI(1996).

2.39R.matoubensisPegler

No record in China.

Issued by DOMINICA(1994).

2.40R.meleagrisBuyck

No record in China.

2.41R.mustelinaFr.

Edible[4].

Issued by MAURITANIA(1991),MALI(1995).

2.42R.nepalensisAdhikari

No record in China.

Issued by NEPAL(1994).

2.43R.nigricansFr.

Edible and medicinal[4].

Issued by GUYANA(1991,1999),BURKINA FASO(1996),ANGOLA(1999),MALDIVE ISLANDS(2001),SAINT THOMAS AND PRINCE (2003)

2.44R.ochroleuca(Pers.)Fr.(≡R.citrinaGillet)

Edible[4].

Issued by KOREA DPR(1995),CARELIA,local region in RUSSIA(1996),GUYANA(1999),MALDIVE ISLANDS(2001),GUINEA-BISSAU(2010).

2.45R.olivacea(Schaeff.)Fr.

No record in China.

Issued by MONACO(1988),BHUTAN(1989),GHANA(1993),MALDIVE ISLANDS(1995),SAINT THOMAS AND PRINCE (2009 ),CHAD(2012).

2.46R.paludosaBritzelm.

Edible[4].

Issued by SAN MARINO(1967),FINLAND(1980),SAINT PIERRE AND MIQUELON(1988),TANZANIA(1999),GUINEA-BISSAU (2001twice)LATVIA (2009),SAINT THOMAS AND PRINCE(2009twice),SURINAM(2011),CHAD (2012).

2.47R.parazureaJul.Sch?ff.

No record in China.

Issued by LIBERIA(2007).

2.48R.pseudointegraArnould & Coris

Edible[4].

Issued by SOMALIA(1998),AFGHANISTAN(2001).

2.49R.puiggarii(Speg.)Singer

No record in China.

Issued by BELIZE(1986),SAINT LUCIA(1989).

2.50R.queletiiFr.

Poison[7].

Issued by LESOTHO(1998),GHANA(2000).

2.51*R.radicansR.Heim.

no record in China.

Issued by MADAGASCAR(1991,1993).

2.52R.rhodopusZvára(=R.rhodopoda)

No record in China.

Issued by TANZANIA(1999).

2.53R.robustaR.Heim

No record in China.

Issued by MADAGASCAR(1991,1993).

2.54R.rosacea(Bull.)Fr.(=R.sanguinea)

Edible[4].

Issued by LIBYA(1985),BURKINA FASO (1996),MALI(1996),ZAMBIA(1998),CENTRAL AFRICA(1999).

2.55R.rubra(Fr.)Fr.

Edible[4].

Issued by CHINA(1981).

2.56R.sanguinaria(Schumach.)

Rauschert(≡R.rosacea(Bull.)Fr.=R.sanguineaFr.)

Edible and medicinal[10].

Issued by LIBYA(1985),BURKINA FASO(1996),MALI(1996),ZAMBIA(1998),CENTRAL AFRICA(1999),GAMBIA(2004),SAINT THOMAS AND PRINCE(2009),MOLDOVA(2010), CHAD(2012).

2.57R.sardoniaFr.

Issued by PARAGUAY(1986),TANZANIA(1996),GHANA(1997),NEVIS(1997,2001),URUGUAY(1997),GRENADACARRIACOU & PETITE MARTINIQUE(2007),JERSEY(2009).

2.58R.sejunctaBuyck

No record in China.

2.59R.singeriR.Heim

No record in China.

Issued by MADAGASCAR (1991,1993).

2.60R.sp.

No record in China.

Issued by MADAGASCAR(1999),TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS(2000),CONGO-DEMOCRACY(2003),DJIBOUTI(2009twice),TOGO(2012).

2.61R.subfistulosaBuyck

No record in China.

Issued by BURUNDI(1992).

2.62R.subrubens(J.E.Lange)Bon

No record in China.

Issued by GREENLAND(2005).

2.63R.tricolorR.Heim

No record in China.

Issued by MADAGASCAR(1991,1993).

2.64R.tuberculosaR.Heim.

No record in China.

Issued by MADAGASCAR(1991,1993).

2.65R.velenovskyiMelzer & Zvára

Edible[4].

Issued by ADYGEYA,local region in RUSSIA(1996).

2.66R.velutipesVelen.

No record in China.

Issued by MADAGASCAR(1991,1993).

2.67R.vescaFr.

Edible and medicinal[10].

Issued by BULGARIA(1987),SOMALIA(1994),TURKMENISTAN (1999),GHANA(2004),SAINT THOMAS AND PRINCE(2007),CHAD(2010),GUINEA-BISSAU(2013).

2.68R.virescens(Schaeff.)Fr.

Edible and medicinal[10].

Issued by GUINEA-BISSAU(1985),FRANCE(1987),NIGER(1991), ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA(1992),BARBUDA(1993),SWAZILAND(1994),KOREA(1995),KOREA DPR(1995),MOLDOVA(1995),AFGHANISTAN(1996),TANZANIA(1996),BENIN(1997),CHAD(1997),SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES(1998),ANGOLA(1999),BULGARIA(1999),MAURITANIA(2000),CENTRAL AFRICA(2002),GUINEA(2009),CONGO(2011),POLAND(2012),CENTRAL AFRICA(2013).

Issued by MALI(1996),LIBERIA(1999).

2.70R.volaceaQuél.

No record in China.

Issued by MADAGASCAR(1991,1993 ).

2.71R.xerampelina(Schaeff.)Fr.

Edible and medicinal[10].

Issued by MAURITANIA(1991),GAMBIA(1997),GRENADA(1997),DOMINICA(1998),COMORO(1999),GRENADACARRIACOU & PETITE MARTINIQUE (2000),GUYANA(2000),MONTSERRAT(2003),ROMANIA (2003),ICELAND (2012).

[1]Kirk PM,Cannon PF,David JC,et al.Ainsworth & Bisby’s dictionary of the fungi,9th edition[M].Wallingford:CAB International,2001:1-655.

[2]Romagnesi H.Les Russules d`Europe et d`Afrique du Nord[M].Paris:Bordas,1967:1-998.

[3]Wang QY,Shi MB.Present and future ofRussulain China[J].Edible Fungi of China,2004,23(4):10-12.(in Chinese)

[4]Song B,Li TH,Wu XL,et al.Known species ofRussulafrom China and their distribution[J].Journal of Fungal Research,2007,5(1):20-42.(in Chinese)

[5]Pegler DN,Young TWK.The gasteroid Russulales[J].Transactions of the British Mycological Society,1979(72):353-388.

[6]Zeng H,Wang ZS.Stamps collection on mushroom & lichen worldwide (1956-2010)[M].Beijing: China Agriculture Press,2012:1-338.(in Chinese & English)

[7]Mao XL.Poisonous mushrooms and their toxins in China[J].Mycosystema,2006,25(3):345-363.(in Chinese)

[8]Dai YC,Yang ZL.A revised checklist of medicinal fungi in China[J].Mycosystema,2008,27(6):801-824.(in Chinese)

[9]Dai YC,Zhou LW,Yang ZL,et al.A revised checklist of edible fungi in China[J].Mycosystema,2009,29(1):1-21.(in Chinese)

[10]Ying JZ,Mao XL,Ma QM.Atlas of Chinese medicinal fungi[M].Beijing: Science Press,1987:1-579.(in Chinese)

S646.9

A

1003-8310(2014)06-0074-04

紅菇屬郵票發(fā)行名錄

曾 輝1，2，3，李 玉3

(1.福建省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院食用菌研究所，福建 福州 350014; 2.特色食用菌發(fā)育與栽培國(guó)家地方聯(lián)合工程研究中心，福建 福州 350014; 3.吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)教育部食藥用菌工程研究中，吉林 長(zhǎng)春 130118)

截至2013年，作者記錄了79個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)發(fā)行的70個(gè)種，249枚紅菇屬郵票。其中165枚來自非洲，有32個(gè)種為我國(guó)沒有記錄的,從方寸之地大致了解世界范圍上紅菇屬真菌的資源分布狀況。

紅菇屬；郵票；名錄

*Corresponding Author. E-mail:yuli966@126.com

Accepted: September,20,2014