陳傳光供稿

中考英語單項選擇步步走（下）

陳傳光供稿

九大單項選擇突破法

1. 直接判定法

直接判定法就是運(yùn)用所學(xué)的英語知識，結(jié)合題目所提供的信息，從各個選項中直接選出正確答案。無論是什么性質(zhì)的英語測試，選擇填空題都會有一部分對基礎(chǔ)知識進(jìn)行考查的題目，有時僅看題干便能知道正確答案是什么。對于這樣的題目，同學(xué)們應(yīng)眼疾手快，一眼看準(zhǔn)后就立即作出選擇，以便節(jié)省出更多的時間去對付其他難題。

【例】Could I borrow ________ eraser, please? ________ is broken.

A. your; My B. yours; Mine C. yours; My D. your; Mine

【解析】第一空之后的eraser是名詞，所以此空顯然要填形容詞性物主代詞；第二空中的詞是句子的主語，因此無疑要用名詞性物主代詞。故選D。

2. 排除法

此法又稱篩選法。如果同學(xué)們在通讀完題干并且弄清題意后，仍對四個選項舉棋不定，那么不妨采取“逐一排除”的方法。你可以將所給選項一一放到空格處，經(jīng)過仔細(xì)分析后再將所有干擾項篩選掉。

【例】He does his homework much ________ than he did two years ago.

A. careful B. more careful C. carefully D. more carefully

【解析】空格處位于主句的狀語位置，修飾動詞does，又因為后面的從句用than引導(dǎo)，是比較狀語從句，所以應(yīng)選擇副詞比較級。A項和B項分別是形容詞原級和比較級，應(yīng)排除；C項是副詞的原級，同樣予以排除。故D項為正確答案。

3. 前后照應(yīng)法

前后照應(yīng)法實際上是借助語境來解題的一種方法。此法要求大家在答題前首先應(yīng)弄清楚題干的意思，然后根據(jù)上下文之間的關(guān)系，捕捉暗示的信息，從而得出正確答案。

【例】It takes ________ to go to Japan by air than by ship.

A. little time B. less time C. more time D. much time

【解析】如果不看空格處后面的部分，四個選項均可填入，但通讀題干便可知該句句意為“坐飛機(jī)去日本比坐船花的時間要少”，即可確定答案。題目中的“by air than by ship”便是解答該題的暗示信息。答案為B。

4. 邏輯推理法

有些題目的選項，從語法上看似乎答案不止一個，有的甚至全部都可入選。但將某個答案套入選項，句意其實并不符合邏輯，此時同學(xué)們需要通過邏輯推理才能將錯誤選項排除。

【例】We are tired. Let’s stop ________ and have a rest.

A. to working B. work C. to work D. working

【解析】單純從語法角度考慮，C、D兩項都對。然而C項不符合邏輯，與后面的“have a rest”是矛盾的，所以正確答案為D。

5. 固定結(jié)構(gòu)判斷法

有些題目考查固定搭配和習(xí)慣用法。同學(xué)們在做這類題目時，應(yīng)注意擺脫漢語習(xí)慣的干擾。

【例】—You aren’t a student, are you?

—No, I ________.

A. am B. am not C. was D. wasn’t

【解析】由于時態(tài)和前面的反意疑問句不一致，所以C項和D項都不是正確答案。如果選A，則違反了英語習(xí)慣。按照英語習(xí)慣，回答反意疑問句時必須前后一致，即前面如果答no，那么后面必須跟否定形式。故B項為正確答案。

6. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換法

有些題目不太直觀，很難讓人立刻找出正確答案。這時大家可以將句子進(jìn)行延伸或者做一下變換，使其“原形畢露”，答案馬上就能確定了。

【例】—Can I help you?

—Well, I’m afraid the box is ________ heavy for you, but thank you all the same.

A. so B. much C. very D. too

【解析】本題中的四個選項都是表示“很，十分”的副詞，在用法上十分接近。但如果同學(xué)們能夠?qū)ⅰ癴or you”還原為“for you to carry”，再聯(lián)系上下文，就可以看出要用“too…to…”結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D。

7. 聯(lián)想回憶法當(dāng)面對四個選項無所適從時，大家可以展開聯(lián)想，回憶所學(xué)的課本、練習(xí)、閱讀材料或老師在課堂上講過的內(nèi)容，判斷它們是否與該題有著相似之處。同學(xué)們平時在學(xué)習(xí)過程中所形成的語感可在這里發(fā)揮較大的作用。

【例】A man ________ John Smith asked you to go there.

A. calling B. to call C. called D. calls

【解析】即使不從語法角度去考慮，單憑學(xué)過的類似句子，如“We live in a place called Gun Tree.”和“There are a man named Joseph and his wife named Mary.”等，就能確定C項為正確答案。這也是語感對解題所起的作用。

8. 推算法

有些選擇填空題會涉及簡單的數(shù)學(xué)知識，而所給的四個選項從語法上看都是對的，所以想選出這類題的正確答案就需要同學(xué)們進(jìn)行一定的推算了。

【例】Tom is seventeen. Jack is three years older than Tom and two years younger than Todd.So Todd is ________.

A. eighteen B. nineteen C. twenty-two D. sixteen

【解析】湯姆十七歲，杰克比湯姆大三歲，所以杰克就應(yīng)該是二十歲。而杰克又比托德小兩歲，所以托德便是二十二歲。故選C。

9. 常識法

有些選擇題會涉及政治、歷史、地理、天文、數(shù)理化及生活風(fēng)俗等方面的常識，因而在做這類選擇題時，同學(xué)們要借助自己所掌握的相關(guān)常識才能選出正確答案。

【例】It was very ________ when I spent my Christmas holiday in Sydney.

A. cold B. hot C. cool D. warm

【解析】大家都知道，圣誕節(jié)是在12月25日。在中國，圣誕節(jié)所在的季節(jié)是一年中最寒冷的冬季。而悉尼是澳大利亞的一座城市，位于南半球，那里的氣候和中國的正好相反。故選B。

實戰(zhàn)演練

( ) 1. —I think ______ necessary to work with friends and share different ideas. Do you agree?—Of course.A. it B. this C. that D. its

( ) 2. —There are so many policemen here. What happened?—It is said that a ________ man ________ a shop and took away many things.A. 24-year-old; broke into B. 24-years-old; broke into C. 24-year-old; broke out D. 24-years-old; broke out

( ) 3. —My brother has never been abroad.—______. But I am flying to the USA next week.A. So do I B. So have I C. Neither do I D. Neither have I

( ) 4. —I called you last night, but nobody answered. Where did you go?—I went to see a film called The Great Wall, _______ was directed by Zhang Yimou.A. what B. who C. which D. when

( ) 5. —Do you know ________ the 2016 APEC Peru Summit lasted?—Two days.A. how often B. how about C. how long D. how soon

( ) 6. —Why didn’t you go swimming with us this afternoon?—I ________ at the station for my brother from Nanjing.A. waited B. am waiting C. was waiting D. will wait

( ) 7. —I’m poor at English. I’m unhappy all day.—________. If you work hard, you will learn it well.A. Come out B. Go out C. Come on D. Go on

( ) 8. —Where’s Lily?—She has ________ the USA. She has ________ there for ten days.A. gone to; been to B. gone to; been in C. been to; gone to D. gone to; been

( ) 9. —Leo, ________ no milk or eggs in the fridge.—Oh, I’ll go and buy some right away.A. has B. have C. there is D. there are

( ) 10. —Jim wants to know if ________ a picnic tomorrow.—Yes. But if it ________, we’ll go to the cinema instead.A. you have; will rain B. you will have; will rain C. you will have; rains D. will you have; rains

( ) 11. —How do you like the movie Prison Break?—Well, it’s the most wonderful movie that I ________ these years.A. watch B. watched C. have watched D. was watching

( ) 12. —Must the letter ________ to him at once?—No, it needn’t.A. be sent B. to send C. sent D. be sending

( ) 13. Everyone in the village is very friendly. They don’t care ________ you are rich or not.A. why B. how C. whether D. when

( ) 14. ________ people in the world are sending and receiving emails every day.A. Two million of B. Millions of C. Many millions D. Two millions of

( ) 15. —We shouldn’t play computer games too long.—________. It’s bad for our eyes and we won’t have enough time for homework.A. I’m afraid not B. No, I don’t think so C. I don’t agree D. I agree