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        營口市2005~2014年猩紅熱流行特征

        2017-05-27 23:19:20肖巖
        中國實(shí)用醫(yī)藥 2016年34期
        關(guān)鍵詞:流行特征預(yù)防控制

        肖巖

        【摘要】 目的 分析2005~2014年?duì)I口地區(qū)猩紅熱的流行病學(xué)特征, 為制定有效的預(yù)防控制措施提供理論依據(jù)。方法 采用描述性流行病學(xué)分析方法對(duì)2005~2014年?duì)I口市猩紅熱發(fā)病情況進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果 2005~2014年?duì)I口市共報(bào)告猩紅熱病例1774例, 無死亡病例, 平均發(fā)病率為7.4356/10萬, 其中, 2012年發(fā)病率最高, 為12.559/10萬, 2009年發(fā)病率最低, 為3.8127/10萬;發(fā)病為春末夏初和冬季兩次高峰, 5~6月發(fā)病共422例, 占總發(fā)病例數(shù)23.79%, 11~12月份發(fā)病共447例, 占總發(fā)病例數(shù)25.20%;病例以男性居多, 男性發(fā)病率為9.3327/10萬, 女性發(fā)病率為5.4524/10萬, 男性年平均發(fā)病率明顯高于女性, 差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=120.728, P<0.01)。最小發(fā)病年齡為2個(gè)月, 最大發(fā)病年齡58歲, 發(fā)病以3~8歲兒童為主, 共報(bào)告發(fā)病1329例, 共占發(fā)病總數(shù)的74.92%;病例主要以學(xué)生和托幼兒童為主, 學(xué)生發(fā)病689例, 構(gòu)成比為38.84%, 幼托兒童發(fā)病652例, 構(gòu)成比為36.75%, 散居兒童發(fā)病363例, 構(gòu)成比為20.46%, 其他發(fā)病為70例, 構(gòu)成比為3.95%。結(jié)論 2005~2014年?duì)I口市猩紅熱發(fā)病呈上升趨勢, 加強(qiáng)學(xué)校和托幼機(jī)構(gòu)的監(jiān)測與培訓(xùn)指導(dǎo)工作以及開展健康教育宣傳工作是防制工作的重點(diǎn)。

        【關(guān)鍵詞】 猩紅熱;流行特征;預(yù)防控制

        DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2016.34.091

        Epidemiological characteristics of scarlatina during 2005~2014 in Yingkou city XIAO Yan. Yingkou City Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Yingkou 115004, China

        【Abstract】 Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of scarlatina during 2005~2014 in Yingkou area, and to provide theoretical reference for establishing effective prevention and control measures. Methods Morbidity situation of scarlatina in Yingkou city during 2005~2014 was analyzed by descriptive epidemiological analysis method. Results There were totally 1774 reported scarlatina cases in Yingkou city during 2005~2014, without death case. Mean morbidity rate was 7.4356/100 thousand, along with the highest morbidity rate in 2012 as 12.559/100 thousand and the lowest in 2009 as 3.8127/100 thousand. Morbidity peak occurred in late spring and early summer, and winter. There were 422 cases in May~June, accounting for 23.79%, and 447 cases in November~December, accounting for 25.20%. Male cases were the majority with morbidity rate as 9.3327/100 thousand, while morbidity rate in female cases was 5.4524/100 thousand. Male cases had obviously higher mean morbidity rate than female cases, and the difference had statistical significance (χ2=120.728, P<0.01). The minimum morbidity age was 2-month-old, and the maximum age was 58-year-old. Children aging 3~8 years old were the majority, as 1329 cases accounting for 74.92%. They were mainly students and kindergarten children. There were 689 students, accounting for 38.84%, 652 kindergarten children, accounting for 36.75%, 363 scattered inhabiting children, accounting for 20.46%, and 70 cases with other pathogenesis, accounting for 3.95%. Conclusion Morbidity rate of scarlatina shows its rising trend in Yingkou city during 2005~2014. It is necessary to enhance monitoring and training in school and kindergarten, and develop health education as key points in prevention and control work.

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