崔珣
【設(shè)計理念】
《義務(wù)教育英語課程標準(2011年版)》指出:教學過程中要始終體現(xiàn)學生的主體地位?;谠摾砟?,教學本課時,我以“讓學引思”為指導,努力構(gòu)建基于兒童的生本課堂。此外,教學中我還遵循了以下三個原則。
1.以學定教。
備課時,根據(jù)學生的學習進度,我反復研讀教材譯林新版《英語》五下Unit 5 Helping our parents,最終選定story time為第一課時教學內(nèi)容。首先,幫助父母這一充滿正能量的話題貼近學生的生活,容易引起學生共鳴;其次,將現(xiàn)在進行時融合在故事情境中更利于學生掌握。
預(yù)習是提高聽課效率的有效途徑,英語學科不同于其他學科,由于缺乏語言環(huán)境,如何預(yù)習,學生往往無從下手。因此,我錄制了課前預(yù)習微視頻,主要包括:展示本課學習目標,幫助學生明確學習目的;播放生活中做家務(wù)的動態(tài)場景,圖文對照,引導學生初步感知本課短語和句型結(jié)構(gòu);設(shè)置探究型任務(wù),鼓勵學生通過多種方式,探索語言規(guī)律。
科學有效的課前引學任務(wù),能為學生提供先想、先做、先學的時間與空間。學生積極主動地做好課堂學習準備,教師則根據(jù)學生的學習需求和意愿,確定合適的教學目標和教學方法。
2.為學設(shè)教。
學生是學習的主人,教應(yīng)服務(wù)于學。教學中,我聚焦本課話題,幫助學生建構(gòu)以話題為核心的語言知識體系,讓學生整體把握文本。閱讀前,通過聊天和游戲?qū)氡疚闹胁糠稚~及短語;閱讀中,讓學生運用不同的閱讀策略進行自主閱讀,允許學生質(zhì)疑,鼓勵學生互助,并在此基礎(chǔ)上總結(jié)語言規(guī)律;閱讀后,進行文本復述及繪本閱讀等活動,讓學生在閱讀中體驗樂趣,提升閱讀能力。
3.順學而引。
教師要根據(jù)學生學習的狀態(tài)和生成情況,捕捉教學的最佳時機,適時調(diào)整教學思路和方法,并積極創(chuàng)設(shè)激發(fā)學生探究的問題情境,引領(lǐng)學生智慧學習。在屬于學生的課堂上,學生們聊天進入情境,游戲激活知識,讀圖感知文本,學習閱讀策略,進行有效輸出,提升閱讀能力。
【教學目標】
1. 初學課文,會讀、會說本單元重點詞句: parent,clean,cook,sweep,busy,wash; What is he/she doing?He/She is... What are you/they doing? I am/We/They are...
2. 能正確地理解并朗讀課文,在教師的引導和幫助下,借助圖片或關(guān)鍵詞嘗試復述課文內(nèi)容。
3. 能初步運用本課所學的詞匯和句型詢問別人正在做什么。
4. 能體諒父母的辛勞,并幫助父母。
【教學活動及意圖】
一、讀前活動
Step 1 Leading-in
教師進行自我介紹,拉近與學生的距離。
T:Glad to see you, boys and girls. Today, Im your new English teacher.I like singing,dancing and drawing. Guess,what am I doing now?
簡筆畫呈現(xiàn)Mikes father。
Ss:You are drawing.
T:Yes,Im drawing.Whos he?
S:Hes Mikes father.
簡筆畫呈現(xiàn)Mikes mother。
T:Look, whos she?
S:Shes Mikes mother.
T(指著黑板上父母的頭像): Theyre father and mother,theyre parents.
板書并帶領(lǐng)學生朗讀parents。
T:Parents means father and mother. Our parents love us,we should try our best to make them happy.How can we do?
S1:I can sweep the floor.
S2:I can make fruit salad.
教師逐一評價學生的回答并揭示主題。
T:You are good children.Your parents are happy because you can help them.Today,our topic is“Helping our parents”.
板書:Unit 5 Helping our parents
【富有吸引力的課堂導入能激發(fā)學生的求知欲,從而為課堂教學的順利進行奠定基礎(chǔ)。教師言簡意賅的自我介紹展示了自己的愛好,同時還可以運用現(xiàn)在進行時引導學生猜測教師正在做的動作,接著,教師巧妙運用簡筆畫創(chuàng)設(shè)信息溝,讓學生猜測所畫人物,激趣的同時加深了學生對單詞的印象?!?/p>
Step 2 Brain storming
T:My daughter often helps me with my housework. Please enjoy.(展示女兒做家務(wù)的照片)
T:Can you say phrases about housework.For
example, wash clothes, make a cake... Lets have a competition ,the more,the better.You just have 15 seconds. Ready?Go!
S:clean the table/wash clothes/cook dinner...
采用小組競賽的形式,每組在15秒之內(nèi)說出有關(guān)做家務(wù)的短語,比一比哪一組說得多,每說一個短語得一顆愛心獎勵。
【頭腦風暴活動是激活學生知識儲備的有效途徑,教學中我采用思維導圖的形式,提供部分動詞,鼓勵學生說出更多的短語,培養(yǎng)學生的發(fā)散思維能力。在此過程中引入小組競爭機制,能活躍課堂氣氛,提高學習效率。】
二、讀中活動
Step 3 Presentation
1.讀圖引學,初步感知文本。
Look and find.
T(指著黑板上邁克的父母):You can do these housework for your parents,how about them?
T:Do you know their children? Look at the picture carefully and find out who they are and where they are.
S1:Mikes mother is in the kitchen.
S2:Helen is in the living room.
T:Dont forget the dog.Where is he?
有的學生只關(guān)注人物介紹,卻忘記了小狗,在這里可以適時介紹西方文化背景知識:在西方國家,人們把狗當作家庭成員。
【課文插圖生動、形象,折射著文本內(nèi)容,為此我充分利用插圖這一寶貴資源,學生通過讀圖,說出相關(guān)人物和地點,他們在讀圖過程中能捕捉到文本中的重要信息,并能為深入理解文本做好鋪墊。】
2.深度閱讀,掌握閱讀策略。
Watch and answer.
T:Are all the children helping their parents?
S:Mike and Helen are helping her parents.Tim and Ben are not helping them.
【生動的圖文動態(tài)演示能激發(fā)學生的學習熱情,有利于學生整體感知文本。設(shè)計具有統(tǒng)領(lǐng)性的問題,能為學生理解文本提供一條清晰的主線?!?/p>
Listen and match.
T:What are they doing in the morning?Take out your paper,lets listen and match.
聽課文第一段,學生邊聽錄音邊在練習紙上完成連線題。
T:Lets check the answers.
在校對連線題答案的過程中,引導學生看圖說話,第一幅圖由教師示范提問,學生回答。
T:What is Mikes father doing?
S:Hes cleaning the car.
教師在相應(yīng)的簡筆畫人物頭像旁寫上短語,學生朗讀短語,操練句型。從第二幅圖開始,學生相互問答,隨著學生的問答,教師同步進行人物頭像的繪畫以及相應(yīng)短語的板書,并帶領(lǐng)學生朗讀短語與句型。
S1:What is Mikes mother doing?
S2:She is cooking breakfast.
S3:What is Mike doing?
S4:He is helping his father. He is cleaning the car.
S3:What are they doing?
S4:They are cleaning the car.
S5:What is Helen doing?
S6:She is sweeping the floor.
S7:What is Tim/Ben doing?
S8:Tim/Ben is sleeping.
Ask and answer
T:Use the picture, ask and answer in pairs.
再次進行看圖說話練習,要求學生運用本課出現(xiàn)的新句型進行對話。
What is ... doing? He/She is...
What are ... doing?They are...(教師板書句式)
Look and find.
T:Look at the sentences,which tense is it?
S:...
T:Yes,the present continuous tense.
T:Can you say something about the tense?
S:...
Listen and repeat.
T:Please listen and repeat.Pay attention to the pronunciation.
【自主方能自悟,自悟才能自得。在課文第一段的教學中,大量的聽、說、讀教學活動促進了學生語言理解能力的提升,學生在活動中自主感悟,發(fā)現(xiàn)并總結(jié)語言規(guī)律?!?/p>
Skim and find.學生快速瀏覽2、3兩段,回答問題。
T:They are so busy in the morning except Tim. Because hes too young. What about them in the afternoon?Who comes to their house?
Read and underline.
學生默讀2、3兩段,畫出邁克一家下午的活動。
T:Lets check the answers.
學生相互問答,教師在人物頭像旁同步板書相應(yīng)短語,并帶領(lǐng)學生朗讀短語、句型。
S1:What is Mikes mother doing?
S2:She is cooking dinner.
S3:What is Mike doing?
S4:He is cleaning the table.
S3:What is Helen doing?
S4:She is washing the dishes..
S5:What is Helen doing?
S6:She is sweeping the floor.
S7:What are Tim and Jim doing?
S8:Theyre eating fruit and watching TV in the living room.
Happy reading.
T:Lets read part two and three together. Listen carefully, if Im right, you follow me loudly. If Im wrong, please say “Stop!” and correct the sentences.
教師在朗讀過程中故意讀錯句子,學生迅速糾錯,訓練學生的快速反應(yīng)能力。
【授人以魚不如授人以漁。讓學生自主學習課文第二、三兩段,學生運用學到的閱讀策略,通過快速瀏覽、默讀、趣味朗讀等活動,進一步理解文本,他們在寬松的學習氛圍中獲得樂趣,樹立自信心。】
三、讀后活動
Step 4 Consolidation
Retell the story.
In the morning, Mikes father is cleaning the car. Mike is...(學生看板書復述)
【圖文并茂、脈絡(luò)清晰的板書,為學生搭建了語言支架,學生根據(jù)人物頭像及相關(guān)短語,實現(xiàn)了語言的有效輸出?!?/p>
Step 5 Extension
Think and guess.
T:What are they doing in the evening? Maybe...is/are...(引導學生猜測邁克一家晚上的活動)
Read and complete.
Read and complete the picture story. Read the story together.(學生運用課上學到的閱讀策略閱讀繪本并完成練習)
【學生靈活運用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)猜測邁克一家晚上的活動,在口頭操練的基礎(chǔ)上,繪本閱讀與填空讓學生的筆頭訓練得以落實?!?/p>
Step 6 Summary
T:Mike has a sweet family.Each of us has a sweet family too.(播放公益廣告視頻《給媽媽洗腳》)
T:Our parents love us,we should try our best to make them happy.Boys and girls,lets take action to pass love on.
用紅筆在人物頭像以及短語、句型板書周圍畫上愛心和翅膀。
【我在本課板書內(nèi)容的周圍畫上緊緊圍繞的愛心和翅膀,并以視頻中的一句話結(jié)束本課教學:Boys and girls,lets take action to pass love on.《給媽媽洗腳》這一則公益廣告給學生強烈的心靈震撼,簡單的故事情節(jié)充滿耐人尋味的人生哲理,與本課的故事相得益彰,此時,學生的情感得以升華?!?/p>
Step 7 Homework
(1)Read story time fluently and retell the story.
(2) Finish the exercises on Page 50.
(3)Write a story about activities of your family on Sundays.
(作者單位:江蘇省東臺市實驗小學)