袁新章,王 偉,李偉人*
(貴州醫(yī)科大學附院燒傷整形科,貴州貴陽 550004)
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燒傷早期注射胰島素對大鼠心、腎損害的影響**?
袁新章**,王偉,李偉人***
(貴州醫(yī)科大學附院燒傷整形科,貴州貴陽550004)
[摘要]目的:探討燒傷早期皮下注射精蛋白生物合成胰島素對延遲復蘇大鼠心、腎損害的影響。方法: 32 只SPF級SD大鼠隨機均分為假傷組、即時復蘇組、延遲復蘇組與延遲復蘇治療組4組;即時復蘇組、延遲復蘇組與延遲復蘇治療組大鼠置于(95.0±0.5)℃熱水中15 s,制作30%燒傷總面積(TBSA)的Ⅲ°燙傷動物模型,假傷組置37℃溫水中15 s模擬燙傷;即時復蘇組和延遲復蘇組傷后立即腹腔注射生理鹽水(40 mL/kg),延遲復蘇治療組傷后立即在右后肢腹側(cè)面皮下注射精蛋白生物合成胰島素(2.0 U/kg),延遲復蘇組與延遲復蘇治療組傷后6 h時腹腔注射生理鹽水(40 mL/kg) ;各組均于傷后24 h時采集腹主動脈血,采用分光光度法測定血糖(BG)、乳酸脫氫酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、尿素氮(BUN)及肌酐(Cr)。結(jié)果:即時復蘇組、延遲復蘇組與延遲復蘇治療組BG、LDH、CK、BUN、Cr均顯著高于假傷組(P<0.05),延遲復蘇組BG、LDH、CK、BUN、Cr顯著高于即時復蘇組(P<0.05),延遲復蘇治療組BG、LDH、CK、BUN、Cr顯著低于延遲復蘇組(P<0.05),延遲復蘇治療組LDH、CK顯著高于即時復蘇組(P<0.05),延遲復蘇治療組BG、Cr顯著低于即時復蘇組(P<0.05),延遲復蘇治療組BUN與即時復蘇組比較無顯著差異(P>0.05)。結(jié)論:燒傷早期皮下注射精蛋白生物合成胰島素可減輕延遲復蘇大鼠的心臟及腎臟損害。
[關(guān)鍵詞]燒傷;復蘇;胰島素;心臟;腎
**貴州醫(yī)科大學2013級外科學燒傷整形科碩士研究生
***通信作者E-mail: gz_lwr@163.com
網(wǎng)絡出版時間: 2016-02-23網(wǎng)絡出版地址: http: / /www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/52.5012.R.20160223.2045.048.html
胰島素在嚴重燒傷休克復蘇中具有潛在的應用價值,休克期應用普通胰島素可降低大面積燒傷患者復蘇所需膠-晶體溶液需要量,增加尿量,同時可減輕組織損傷程度和保護臟器功能[1]。胰島素有多種類型,不同類型胰島素的作用各有特點[2]。為探討燒傷早期皮下注射胰島素對延遲復蘇大鼠器官損害的影響,參照甘精胰島素治療Ⅱ型糖尿病時發(fā)揮抗氧化效應的劑量[即<0.4 U/(kg ·d)][3]以及人與大鼠用藥劑量的換算關(guān)系[大鼠的劑量(mg/kg) = 6.25×人的劑量(mg/kg)][4],本實驗觀察了燒傷早期皮下注射精蛋白生物合成胰島素(2.0 U/kg)對30%燒傷總面積(TBSA)延遲復蘇大鼠心臟及腎臟損傷的保護作用。
1.1實驗動物
SPF級成年雄性SD大鼠32只,由第三軍醫(yī)大學大坪醫(yī)院野戰(zhàn)外科研究所醫(yī)學實驗動物中心提供(scxk渝,2007-0005),體重200~250 g,清潔環(huán)境飼養(yǎng)、萬級屏障系統(tǒng),實驗前適應性馴養(yǎng)1周。
1.2主要儀器和試劑
721型分光光度儀購自山東高密彩虹分析儀器有限公司,TDL80-2B臺式低速離心機上海滬譽儀器有限公司,微量可調(diào)加樣器購自德國Eppendorf公司,長效精蛋白生物合成胰島素購自丹麥諾和諾德公司,血糖(blood glucose,BG)、乳酸脫氫酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)、肌酸激酶(creatinekinase,CK)、尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)及肌酐(creatinine,Cr)測定試劑盒均購自中國南京建成生物工程研究所。
1.3方法
32只SD大鼠按隨機數(shù)字表法分為假傷組、即時復蘇組、延遲復蘇組與延遲復蘇治療組,每組8只。大鼠背部脫毛后,腹腔注射2.5 %戊巴比妥鈉(35 mg/kg)麻醉;參考文獻[5]的方法,即時復蘇組、延遲復蘇組與延遲治療組大鼠置于(95.0± 0.5)℃熱水中15 s,制作30% TBSA、Ⅲ°燙傷模型;假傷組僅置37℃溫水中15 s模擬燙傷。假傷組和即時復蘇組傷后立即腹腔注射生理鹽水(40 mL/kg),延遲復蘇治療組傷后立即在右后肢腹側(cè)面皮下注射精蛋白生物合成胰島素(2.0 U/ kg),延遲復蘇組與延遲復蘇治療組傷后6 h時腹腔注射生理鹽水(40 mL/kg)。各組大鼠分籠飼養(yǎng),實驗期間無死亡。各組大鼠傷后24 h開腹采集腹主動脈血,2 000 r/min離心10 min,取上清液,采用分光光度法測定血糖(BG)、乳酸脫氫酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、尿素氮(BUN)及肌酐(Cr),按試劑盒說明書要求測定。
1.4統(tǒng)計學方法
采用SPSS 17.0軟件進行統(tǒng)計學分析。數(shù)據(jù)以均值±標準差(±s)表示,組間比較采用單因素方差分析,P<0.05表示差異有統(tǒng)計學意義。
即時復蘇組、延遲復蘇組與延遲復蘇治療組BG、LDH、CK、BUN及Cr顯著高于假傷組,延遲復蘇組BG、LDH、CK、BUN及Cr顯著高于即時復蘇組,延遲復蘇治療組BG、LDH、CK、BUN及Cr顯著低于延遲復蘇組,延遲復蘇治療組LDH、CK顯著高于即時復蘇組,延遲復蘇治療組BG、Cr顯著低于即時復蘇組,差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05) ;延遲復蘇治療組BUN與即時復蘇組比較差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P>0.05)。見表1。
Tab.1 Results of BG,LDH,CK,BUN and Cr of rats in the 4 groups
(1)與假傷組比較P<0.05;(2)與即時復蘇組比較P<0.05;(3)與延遲復蘇組比較P<0.05
患者于燒傷6 h后或更晚開始復蘇治療,屬于延遲復蘇之列[6]。燒傷延遲復蘇將導致多臟器并發(fā)癥發(fā)生和病死率增加[7]。本實驗結(jié)果顯示,延遲復蘇組燒傷后24 h時BG、LDH、CK和BUN、Cr均顯著高于即時復蘇組,提示延遲復蘇可加重燒傷大鼠心臟及腎臟的損害,使血糖升高。在燒傷休克期,高血糖很常見[8]。動物實驗結(jié)果也顯示,TBSA30%、Ⅲ°燙傷大鼠的血糖傷后3 h時即顯著升高,一直持續(xù)到傷后24 h時[9]。胰島素作為體內(nèi)重要的激素,調(diào)節(jié)糖、蛋白與脂肪的代謝,并具有器官保護、抗炎、抗凋亡效應[10]。本實驗結(jié)果顯示,延遲復蘇治療組心肌酶活力、腎功能均顯著低于延遲復蘇組,并且Cr顯著低于即時復蘇組,BUN與即時復蘇組比較無顯著差異,提示燒傷早期皮下注射精蛋白生物合成胰島素可減輕延遲復蘇大鼠的心臟及腎臟損害。但延遲復蘇治療組心肌酶活力仍顯著高于即時復蘇組,表明燒傷后即時復蘇對保護臟器組織尤為重要。本實驗結(jié)果同時顯示,延遲復蘇治療組血糖水平較延遲復蘇組顯著降低但仍高于假傷組,這有助于減少低血糖發(fā)生風險。
綜上,燒傷早期皮下注射精蛋白生物合成胰島素可減輕延遲復蘇大鼠的心臟及腎臟損害。在后續(xù)研究中,將進一步探討胰島素發(fā)揮器官保護效應的類型差異及其可能機制。
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(2015-08-30收稿,2015-12-20修回)
中文編輯:戚璐;英文編輯:劉華
Effect of Hypodemic Injection of Protamin Biosynthetic Insulin on the Damage of Heart and Kidney of Delayed Resuscitation Rats in the Early Stage of Burn Injury
YUAN Xinzhang,WANG Wei,LI Weiren
(Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550004,Guizhou,China)
[Abstract]Objective: To investigate the effect of hypodemic injection of protamin biosynthetic insulin on the damage of hearts and kidneys of rats with delayed resuscitation in the early stage of burn injury.Method: Thirty-two specific-pathogen free Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups,namely,sham burn group,immediate resuscitation group,delayed resuscitation group and delayed resuscitation treatment group,with 8 rats in each group.The rats of immediate resuscitation group,delayed resuscitation group and delayed resuscitation treatment group were immersed in (95± 0.5)℃hot water for 15 seconds to make empyrosis rat model of 30% total burn surface area,Ⅲdegree burn injury.The sham burn group was immersed in 37℃warm water for 15 seconds to simulate burns.Immediate resuscitation group and delayed resuscitation group received an intraperitoneal injection of physiological saline(40 mL/kg) after burn injury immediately,while delayed resuscitation treatment group received subcutaneous injection of protamine biosynthetic insulin{ (2.0 U/kg) in the ventral side of the right hind limb after burn injury immediately.Delayed resuscitation group and de-book=180,ebook=61layed resuscitation treatment group received intraperitoneal injection of physiological saline (40 mL/ kg) 6 hours after burn injury.The abdominal aortic blood was collected 24 hours after burn injury in each group.The spectrophotometry was adopted for determination of blood glucose(BG),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),creatine kinase(CK),blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and creatinine(Cr).Results: BG,LDH,CK,BUN and Cr in immediate resuscitation group,delayed resuscitation group and delayed resuscitation treatment group were significantly higher than their counterparts of sham burn group (P<0.05).BG,LDH,CK,BUN and Cr in delayed resuscitation group were totally higher than their counterparts of immediate resuscitation group (P<0.05).BG,LDH,CK,BUN and Cr in delayed resuscitation treatment group were significantly lower than their counterparts of delayed resuscitation group (P<0.05).LDH and CK in delayed resuscitation treatment group were significantly higher than their counterparts of immediate resuscitation group,while BG and Cr were significantly lower than their counterparts of immediate resuscitation group (P<0.05).There was no significant difference of BUN between delayed resuscitation treatment group and immediate resuscitation group (P>0.05).Conclusion: During the early stage of burn injury,hypodemic injection of protamine biosynthetic insulin can reduce the damage of heart and kidney of delayed resuscitation rats.
[Key words]burn; recovery; insulin; heart; kidney
*[基金項目]貴州省衛(wèi)生廳科學技術(shù)基金(gzwkj2011-1-022)
[中圖分類號]R644
[文獻標識碼]A
[文章編號]1000-2707(2016) 02-0179-03