馬俊莉

【中圖分類號(hào)】D822.34

Globalization is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views， products， ideas and other aspects of culture. Advances in transportation and telecommunications infrastructure， including the rise of the telegraph and its posterity the Internet， are major factors in globalization， generating further interdependence of economic and cultural activities.

In the past decades， the globalization is increasing and the trade is increasing. Products and services in cross-border transaction are increasing. At the same time， production volumes are on the increase. The globalization brings greater prosperity to the developing country. From this point of view， the globalization is very successful. However， increasing international commerce with high barriers to entry， corporate consolidation， tax havens and other methods of tax avoidance， and political corruption have all caused increases in income inequality and wealth concentration： the increasingly unequal distribution of economic wealth and income within or between global population， countries， and individuals. Economic inequality varies between societies， historical periods， economic structures or systems， ongoing or past wars， between genders， and between differences in individuals abilities to create wealth. Economic inequality affects equality， equality of outcome and subsequent equality of opportunity.

The international inequality and within-country inequality are two aspects of the world inequality. The international inequality is inequality between countries. Income differences between rich and poor countries are very large， although they are changing rapidly. In a sense， the within-country inequality is a problem which we need to pay much more attention to. Because it directly relates to the survival of the poorest people. While within-country income inequality has increased through the globalization period， globally inequality has lessened as developing countries have experienced much more rapid growth. Rapid economic growth has brought that the cost of living increases. If the growth of living cost increases faster than the growth of the poor peoples income， this growth will directly worsen the lives of low-income people.

In order to solve the problems arising from international inequality and with-in country inequality， I present some advices. First， developing countries in international economic affairs have more saying and decision-making power. Second， reform the unreasonable international trade system and rules. WTO should create conditions for developing countries to participate in global trade rules， provide full market access and reduce trade barriers for developing countries. Third， strength the reform of international financial institutions system， mechanism and operational model. Fourth， developed countries have the responsibility to increase assistance to developing countries and to gradually narrow the gap between north and south in the aspect of technology and knowledge. Fifth， developing countries should also actively integrate into the economic globalization. All in all， economic globalization is a development problem， and any country can not be free its outside. We should cognize the advantages and disadvantages， the challenges and opportunities which are brought by the globalization. We should speed up the reform， actively participate in the globalization process and promote cooperation with others. At the same time， we should formulate correct strategy and policy， attach great importance to the talent training and scientific and technological innovation. By doing that， we can overcome the negative effects of globalization and really realize the prosperity and development.

Based on the analysis of the above， we can get the conclusion： from the longitudinal view， globalization and liberalization make the welfare level of all countries and regions improve； from the horizontal view， there are considerable differences among different countries and regions. All in all， the globalization has shown strong vitality， and it has huge influence on the worlds economy， politics， military， society， culture and even the way of thinking. We should do our best to participate in the globalization process and adapt to the globalization tendency.