“七選五”閱讀題的正文部分通常是一篇完整的文章，有五個(gè)空白，正文后有七個(gè)選項(xiàng)，均為完整句子。該題型要求考生根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容，選出正確的選項(xiàng)，填入相應(yīng)的空白處。此題型體現(xiàn)了對(duì)學(xué)生閱讀理解能力考查的深度和廣度，考查學(xué)生句子和語篇兩個(gè)層面的理解能力，以及對(duì)整個(gè)語篇的銜接手段與連貫性的洞察力。總之，“七選五”閱讀題的難度要大于傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解題，它對(duì)學(xué)生有更高的要求。其中，語段過渡題是經(jīng)?？疾榈念}型。下面，本文就結(jié)合一些典型例題，來詳細(xì)談?wù)務(wù)Z段過渡題的解題技巧，以期對(duì)考生有所幫助。

一、命題特點(diǎn)

語段過渡題所涉及的句子一般是過渡句，它們具有承上啟下的作用。該題型主要考查段落內(nèi)和段落間過渡句的選擇，需要學(xué)生有較強(qiáng)的分析文本篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的能力，和對(duì)上下文之間邏輯關(guān)系的概括和歸納能力。該題型的設(shè)空位置比較靈活，可能出現(xiàn)在文本的段首、段中和段尾的任意位置，學(xué)生解答該題需要讀懂文本內(nèi)容，剖析文本結(jié)構(gòu)，從而確定答案。

二、技巧點(diǎn)撥

1.對(duì)于段落內(nèi)過渡句：學(xué)生需要仔細(xì)閱讀所給空格前后相鄰的內(nèi)容，深度挖掘文本的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，特別注意銜接詞和表示邏輯關(guān)系的信號(hào)詞，同時(shí)標(biāo)出關(guān)鍵詞，使所選答案能夠把上下兩句內(nèi)容緊密地銜接起來。

2.對(duì)于段落間過渡句：學(xué)生需要認(rèn)真研讀空格上一段的段尾句和下一段的主要內(nèi)容，同時(shí)關(guān)注銜接詞和表示邏輯關(guān)系的信號(hào)詞，然后與選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或者信號(hào)詞建立聯(lián)系，進(jìn)一步確定答案。

3.關(guān)注常見的銜接詞和體現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系的信號(hào)詞。這些詞有：①并列與遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：firstly， secondly， thirdly， finally， at last， in the end， for one thing...for another， and， also， not...but， in the first place， in the second place， furthermore， moreover， what’s more， not only...but also， either...or， neither...nor， in addition to， as well， to make matters worse等。②因果關(guān)系：therefore， hence， consequently， as a result， thus， so等。③轉(zhuǎn)折與讓步關(guān)系：however， in fact， as a matter of fact， yet， though， in spite of， nevertheless， otherwise， while， rather than， even if/though， despite等。④對(duì)比關(guān)系：while（放句中）， in contrast/by comparison， unlike， in comparison with， similarly等。

三、典題例析

例1 段落內(nèi)過渡句

（北京市西城區(qū)2021—2022學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末試卷） Kindness seems like a distant memory. The ability to live peacefully with annoying housemates or neighbors seems more difficult than ever." " " " " " If we take kindness as a skill， making it a daily practice， it will come easier over time.

A. The good news is that it isn’t lost.

B. Luckily， we can look to ancient disciplines for guidance.

C. At work， we’ve had to face the added pressure these demanding jobs create.

D. Then， extend the blessing to other people， in order of decreasing fondness.

E. For that reason， we could all benefit from love’s warm and comforting blessing.

F. You can combine the words with breathing， repeating a phrase of love for yourself.

G. Outside， we’ve encountered drivers speeding on busy roads and passengers talking loudly on the subway.

解析：A?？崭袂罢f“Kindness seems like a distant memory. The ability to live peacefully with annoying housemates or neighbors seems more difficult than ever. （善良似乎是遙遠(yuǎn)的記憶。與煩人的室友或鄰居和平相處的能力似乎比以往任何時(shí)候都要困難）”，空格后談到“If we take kindness as a skill， making it a daily practice， it will come easier over time. （如果我們把善良當(dāng)作一種技能，讓它成為日常練習(xí)，隨著時(shí)間的推移，它會(huì)變得更容易）”可知，善良并沒有消失，A選項(xiàng)“The good news is that it isn’t lost. （好消息是它沒有丟失）” 正好說明了這一點(diǎn)，因此A選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語境，故選A項(xiàng)。

例2 段落內(nèi)過渡句

（2022屆連云港市高三第二次調(diào)研考試） It didn’t take him long to adjust to a disconnected life. By the end of that first week， he was less stressed about not knowing new things." " " " " " "He enjoyed food without Twittering the experience. But the end came too soon. After the twenty-five days. he had to restore his online presence.

A. He struck up conversations with strangers.

B. It is a real problem for many different people.

C. “I was burnt out， fried， and done，” he explained.

D. This reality accounts for the remaining alternative.

E. He had to return to the online world with books to market.

F. But I’ll ask you to reject the state of highly distracted connectedness.

G. Fortunately， you will break the habit of surfing the Internet gradually.

解析：A。根據(jù)上文“By the end of that first week， he was less stressed about not knowing new things. （到第一周結(jié)束時(shí)，他對(duì)不了解新事物的壓力減輕了）”及下文“He enjoyed food without Twittering the experience. （他享受美食，但沒有在Twitter上分享自己的經(jīng)歷）”可知，此處是描述他沒有網(wǎng)絡(luò)后的生活，A項(xiàng) “他和陌生人攀談起來?！狈险Z境。故選A項(xiàng)。

例3 段落間過渡句

（2023屆高三年級(jí)大聯(lián)考） Good health can be defined as physical， mental， and social well-being， and as a resource for living a full life. But maintaining good health doesn’t happen by accident." " " 16

Studies have found that inflammation （炎癥） can damage tissue， joints， artery walls， and organs. A healthy diet is rich in fiber， whole grains， fresh fruits and vegetables， good or unsaturated fats， and omega-3 fatty acids." " " 17" " " The Mediterranean diet meets all of the criteria for good health， and there is convincing evidence that it is effective at warding off （預(yù)防） heart attack， stroke， and premature death.

A. There are many ways to relieve stress.

B. Exercising can also benefit certain groups.

C. Aim for 150 minutes of exercise every week.

D. Have consultations with famous and reliable doctors.

E. These dietary components can turn down inflammation.

F. Establish a good relationship with a primary care physician.

G. It requires work， smart lifestyle choices， and regular checkups.

解析：16題選G。結(jié)合上文“But maintaining good health doesn’t happen by accident. （但保持健康并非偶然）”和下文第二段“The Mediterranean diet meets all of the criteria for good health， and there is convincing evidence that it is effective at warding off heart attack， stroke， and premature death. （地中海飲食符合健康的所有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，有令人信服的證據(jù)表明，地中海飲食能有效預(yù)防心臟病發(fā)作、中風(fēng)和過早死亡）”可知，G選項(xiàng)“它需要鍛煉、明智的生活方式選擇和定期檢查”較切題，引出下文講保持健康的具體方法。故選G項(xiàng)。

總之，在解答“七選五”語段過渡閱讀題時(shí)，考生應(yīng)深度挖掘文本的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，特別注意銜接詞和體現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系的信號(hào)詞，運(yùn)用以上答題技巧，便能輕松選出答案。

（作者單位：對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)英語學(xué)院在職人員高級(jí)課程研修班；江蘇省鹽城市亭湖高級(jí)中學(xué)）