摘要:目的 探討人類白細(xì)胞抗原(human leukocyte antigen, HLA)基因多態(tài)性與乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染的相關(guān)性。方法 收集云南省昆明市延安醫(yī)院健康體檢者靜脈血樣本501例,采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)(ELISA)檢測(cè)HBV二對(duì)半,根據(jù)HBV二對(duì)半檢測(cè)結(jié)果分為HBV攜帶組和既往感染組以及健康對(duì)照組3組,用序列特異性引物聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)(polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers,PCR-SSP)基因分型技術(shù)檢測(cè)HLA-A抗原的基因型,將HBV攜帶組和健康對(duì)照組以及HBV既往感染組和健康對(duì)照組的HLA-A基因多態(tài)性的分布頻率進(jìn)行比較。采用SPSS17.0軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。結(jié)果 健康對(duì)照組HLA-A2陽(yáng)性數(shù)占比47.49%,等位基因頻率數(shù)占比31.29%;健康對(duì)照組基因分布頻率總體與中華骨髓庫(kù)發(fā)布的中國(guó)常見(jiàn)及確認(rèn)的HLA-A等位基因表一致。
HBV攜帶組HLA-A2陽(yáng)性數(shù)占比63.04%,等位基因頻率數(shù)占比42.23%,攜帶者的HLA-A2陽(yáng)性率和等位基因頻率差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(Plt;0.05);HBV既往感染組HLA-A2陽(yáng)性數(shù)占比56.14%,等位基因頻率數(shù)占比35.97%,既往感染組的HLA-A2陽(yáng)性率和等位基因頻率差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(Pgt;0.05)。結(jié)論 HLA-A2基因可能是慢性乙型肝炎HBV攜帶者的易感基因。
關(guān)鍵詞:人類白細(xì)胞抗原(HLA);基因多態(tài)性;HLA-A2;乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)
中圖分類號(hào):R392.2 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A
DOI:10.7652/jdyxb202406024
收稿日期:2024-04-16 修回日期:2024-08-17
基金項(xiàng)目:云南省高層次衛(wèi)生健康技術(shù)人才培養(yǎng)計(jì)劃資助(No. H-2018028);昆明巿衛(wèi)生健康委員會(huì)衛(wèi)生科研項(xiàng)目(No. 2023-11-01-003)
Supported by Yunnan Province High Level Health Technology Talent Training Program (No. H-2018028) and
Health Research Project of Kunming Munlcipal Health Commission (No. 2023-11-01-003)
通信作者:楊帥,講師. E-mail: 1448445238@qq.com
網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版地址:http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/61.1399.R.20240822.1143.002.html (2024-08-23)
Correlation between human leukocyte antigen HLA-A gene polymorphism and HBV carrier
SHUAI Li1, YANG Shuai2, YE Junjie3, YANG Jingcheng4, FU Xiaoye1, XU Bin5, LIU Hongwei1, Zhou Lü1, KANG Xilin1, GAO Jing1
(1. Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650000; 2. Yunnan Agricultural Vocational and Technical College, Kunming 650031; 3. Yunnan Institute of Population and Family Planning Science and Technology, Kunming 650021; 4. Yunnan Open University, Kunming 650504; 5. Kunming Children’s Hospital, Kunming 650100, China)
ABSTRACT: Objective To investigate the correlation between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene polymorphism and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Methods Venous blood samples were collected from 501 healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations at Yan’an Hospital in Kunming, Yunnan Province. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect HBV halves. Based on the results of HBV half detection, the patients were divided into three groups: HBV carrier group, previous infection group, and healthy control group. The HLA-A antigen genotype was detected using polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) genotyping technology, and the distribution frequency of HLA-A gene polymorphism was compared between HBV carrier group and healthy control group, as well as between previous infection group and healthy control group. SPSS17.0 software was used for data statistical analysis. Results In the healthy control group, the HLA-A2 positivity rate was 47.49%, and the allele frequency was 31.29%.
The overall frequency of gene distribution in the healthy control group was consistent with the HLA-A allele table commonly and confirmed in China published by the Chinese Bone Marrow Bank.
The HLA-A2 positivity rate and allele frequency in the HBV carrier group were 63.04% and 42.23%, respectively; "The difference in HLA-A2 positivity rate and allele frequency among carriers was statistically significant (Plt;0.05). the HLA-A2 positivity rate and allele frequency in the HBV previous infection group were 56.14% and 35.97%, respectively, which did not significantly differ from those in the healthy control group (Pgt;0.05). Conclusion HLA-A2 gene may be a susceptibility gene for chronic hepatitis B HBV carriers.
KEY WORDS: human leukocyte antigen (HLA); genetic polymorphism; HLA-A2; hepatitis B virus (HBV)
乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus, HBV)感染是危害較大的傳染病。目前全球HBV攜帶者已超過(guò) 3.5億,其中約1/3分布在中國(guó)[1]。人類白細(xì)胞抗原(human leukocyte antigen, HLA)是人類最復(fù)雜的免疫遺傳多態(tài)性的抗原系統(tǒng),個(gè)體表達(dá)差異較大[2],其基因多態(tài)性影響著免疫應(yīng)答和抗原遞呈,從而導(dǎo)致機(jī)體免疫功能狀態(tài)的差異[3]。目前,關(guān)于HLA基因多態(tài)性與HBV病毒易感性雖有報(bào)道,但結(jié)論不一[4]。為此,本研究收集到年齡在18~56歲之間的人靜脈血樣本501例,通過(guò)HBV二對(duì)半檢測(cè)后分組,并與HLA-A基因多態(tài)性分型比較,探討HLA-A基因多態(tài)性與HBV攜帶以及HBV感染后抗體產(chǎn)生的關(guān)系。
1 材料與方法
1.1 研究對(duì)象
在知情同意的原則下,收集到云南省昆明市延安醫(yī)院2007年3月至2008年11月的個(gè)體體檢者外周靜脈血樣本501例,其中男性414例,女性87例,年齡在18~56歲之間。采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA)檢測(cè)HBV二對(duì)半,根據(jù)HBV二對(duì)半檢測(cè)結(jié)果分為HBV攜帶組、既往感染組和健康對(duì)照組3組,其中HBV攜帶組46例,既往感染組57例,健康對(duì)照組398例。
1.2 材料與試劑
受檢者抗凝全血3~5 mL;DNA提取試劑盒QIAamp DNA blood mini Kit(德國(guó)QIAGEN公司);TaqDNA聚合酶(美國(guó)Prome公司);HLA-A分型試劑(美國(guó)One Lambda公司);25 g/L瓊脂糖凝膠(含0.5 g/mL DNA染液)。
1.3 檢測(cè)方法
采用ELISA檢測(cè)HBV二對(duì)半;采用序列特異性引物聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)(polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers,PCR-SSP)技術(shù)檢測(cè)HLA-Ⅰ類抗原的基因型;采用瓊脂糖凝膠電泳(100 V/cm,穩(wěn)定電泳16 min)分離DNA擴(kuò)增產(chǎn)物。
1.4 判讀標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
按照世界衛(wèi)生組織HLA系統(tǒng)命名委員會(huì)規(guī)定,HLA標(biāo)準(zhǔn)命名系統(tǒng)中星號(hào)后的頭2個(gè)數(shù)字,將等位基因型轉(zhuǎn)化為對(duì)應(yīng)的表現(xiàn)型[2]。如HLA-A*02的表現(xiàn)型為HLA-A2。
1.5 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法
利用SPSS 17.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析。計(jì)算優(yōu)勢(shì)比(odds ratio, OR),分析HLA-A等位基因與HBV攜帶者和HBV既往感染者的相關(guān)性。概率的比較采用χ2檢驗(yàn),Plt;0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2 結(jié) 果
2.1 HBV攜帶組基因分型結(jié)果
HBV攜帶組46例中HLA-A2陽(yáng)性數(shù)為29(63.04%),等位基因頻率數(shù)為38(42.23%)。健康對(duì)照組398例中HLA-A2陽(yáng)性數(shù)為189(47.49%),等位基因頻率數(shù)為240(31.29%)。攜帶組的HLA-A2陽(yáng)性率及等位基因頻率差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(Plt;0.05,ORgt;1,表1)。
2.2 HBV既往感染組基因分型結(jié)果
HBV既往感染組57例中HLA-A2、HLA-A11陽(yáng)性數(shù)分別是32(56.14%)和23(40.35%),等位基因頻率數(shù)分別是41(35.97%)和31(27.19%);健康對(duì)照組398例中HLA-A2、HLA-A11陽(yáng)性數(shù)分別是189(47.49%)和215(54.02%),等位基因頻率數(shù)分別是240(31.29%)和259(33.77%);既往感染組的HLA-A2陽(yáng)性率及等位基因頻率差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(Pgt;0.05,ORgt;1,表2)。但ORgt;1,提示攜帶HLA-A2基因是感染HBV的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素。既往感染組中HLA-A11的OR低于健康對(duì)照組(ORlt;1,表2),提示HLA-A11基因陰性是HBV感染的保護(hù)因素。
3 討 論
主要組織相容性復(fù)合體(major histocompatibility complex,MHC)位于人的6號(hào)染色體短臂上,是人類最復(fù)雜的免疫遺傳多態(tài)性的抗原系統(tǒng)[2]。其基因多態(tài)性影響著免疫應(yīng)答和抗原遞呈,從而導(dǎo)致機(jī)體免疫功能狀態(tài)的差異[3]。HLA的主要功能在于呈遞抗原肽段,以MHC肽段復(fù)合物形式活化T細(xì)胞從而激發(fā)T淋巴細(xì)胞和B淋巴細(xì)胞進(jìn)行免疫應(yīng)答。MHC基因最顯著的特征是具有明顯的多態(tài)性,其多態(tài)性的差異決定個(gè)體免疫應(yīng)答的不同[4-5]。HLA-A2是發(fā)現(xiàn)最早、在人群中攜帶頻率最高、具有高度多態(tài)性的Ⅰ類分子,在不同地域不同民族中分布有顯著差異[4]。近些年來(lái)HLA與疾病的研究取得了很大的進(jìn)展,如研究已證實(shí)了HLA-B27與強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎的強(qiáng)關(guān)聯(lián)[6]。
本研究通過(guò)對(duì)501例18~56歲的人群HLA-A基因分型,將398例健康對(duì)照者和46例HBV攜帶者以及57例HBV既往感染者之間的HLA-A基因分型比較,結(jié)果顯示:①在HBV攜帶者中HLA-A2陽(yáng)性率及等位基因頻率都高于健康對(duì)照組(Plt;0.05,ORgt;1),提示HLA-A2基因可能是HBV病毒的一個(gè)易感基因;②在既往感染組與健康對(duì)照組中,HLA-A2陽(yáng)性率及等位基因頻率差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(Pgt;0.05),但既往感染組HLA-A2的OR高于健康對(duì)照組(ORgt;1),HLA-A11的OR低于健康對(duì)照組(ORlt;1)。因此,推測(cè)攜帶有HLA-A2基因可能是HBV病毒的一個(gè)易感基因,而HLA-A11基因陰性可能有利于HBV抗體的產(chǎn)生。
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(編輯 陳 波)