艾曉輝 劉宗昊 白瑞杰 王茹雪
摘要:本文的目的是在已知隨機(jī)變量某些矩信息的條件下,給出隨機(jī)變量函數(shù)的方差和相應(yīng)協(xié)方差的半?yún)?shù)界。本文應(yīng)用對(duì)偶原理,給出了美式蝶式期權(quán)和歐式蝶式期權(quán)的方差的上界估計(jì)。運(yùn)用等價(jià)公式,測(cè)度變換,找到控制函數(shù),分別給出了單峰分布下歐式看漲期權(quán)與美式蝶式期權(quán)的協(xié)方差的下界估計(jì)以及歐式看漲期權(quán)與歐式蝶式期權(quán)的協(xié)方差的上界估計(jì)。
關(guān)鍵詞:對(duì)偶原理;測(cè)度變換;單峰分布;半?yún)?shù)界
中圖分類號(hào):O211.5文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼
Semiparametric bounds of variance and covariance for two kinds of butterfly options
AI? Xiaohui,LIU? Zonghao,BAI? Ruijie,WANG? Ruxue
(School of Science, Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040, China)
Abstract: The purpose of the research is to give the semiparametric bounds of the variance and the corresponding covariance of the function of the random variable, when some moment information of the random variable is given. Through the principle of duality the upper bound estimates of the variance of American butterfly options and European butterfly options are given. Using the equivalent formula and measure transformation, we find the control function, and give the lower bound estimation of the covariance of European call option and American butterfly option under unimodal distribution and the upper bound estimation of the covariance of European call option and European butterfly option.
Key words: duality principle;measure transformation;unimodal distribution;semiparametric bounds
近年來(lái)期權(quán)交易這種經(jīng)濟(jì)手段被廣泛應(yīng)用[1],由于在期權(quán)市場(chǎng)中期權(quán)價(jià)格的穩(wěn)定性是影響交易的一大重要因素,從而研究期權(quán)價(jià)格的方差的界對(duì)于期權(quán)交易來(lái)說(shuō)有著很大的參考價(jià)值[2-17]。本文將在給定矩條件下研究美式對(duì)稱蝶式期權(quán)及歐式對(duì)稱蝶式期權(quán)方差的界。
隨機(jī)變量函數(shù)方差矩界的研究歷史尚短,其中Chernoff(1981)[18]利用Hermite多項(xiàng)式得到了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)正態(tài)分布的1個(gè)隨機(jī)變量函數(shù)方差的上界,See等[19]在已知期望不等式的基礎(chǔ)上得出了數(shù)個(gè)近來(lái)常見(jiàn)的方差不等式,Cacoulos[20]用類似的方法得出了幾個(gè)不同分布的上界。
2005年Dokov等[21]給出了在底層隨機(jī)變量前兩階矩給定條件下凸函數(shù)期望的一類下界。2006年Asprmont等[22]通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的閉式表達(dá)式與線性規(guī)劃計(jì)算了歐式籃子看漲期權(quán)定價(jià)函數(shù)的上、下界。2007年Natarajan等[25]在給定隨機(jī)變量的均值與方差的條件下得到了1個(gè)三段線性凸函數(shù)的期望值的1個(gè)緊的閉式上界。2009年張銀龍[23]在已知一階矩及二階矩的條件下利用對(duì)偶原理得到了任意分布下截尾隨機(jī)變量小值概率的界。
2010年Sharma等[24]得出了有限宇宙方差的界。2010年劉國(guó)慶[4]將對(duì)稱化與對(duì)偶思想結(jié)合得出了估計(jì)隨機(jī)變量函數(shù)方差界的1種全新的方法,在此基礎(chǔ)上羅希[5]給出了歐式看漲期權(quán)與歐式缺口期權(quán)協(xié)方差的半?yún)?shù)界。2011年P(guān)feiffer等[25]運(yùn)用1種基于影響函數(shù)的方法來(lái)計(jì)算絕對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)估計(jì)值與絕對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)函數(shù)的方差。2019年李宗秀[26]對(duì)三段線性函數(shù)的均值上界進(jìn)行了探討。本文主要研究美式對(duì)稱蝶式期權(quán)以及歐式對(duì)稱蝶式期權(quán)的方差界問(wèn)題,同時(shí)我們選取了1類特殊的歐式看漲期權(quán) ,分別研究其與美式對(duì)稱蝶式期權(quán)以及歐式對(duì)稱蝶式期權(quán)之間的協(xié)方差的界問(wèn)題,對(duì)2種期權(quán)協(xié)方差的研究有助于幫助投資者們進(jìn)行決策。
本文將美式蝶式期權(quán)以及歐式蝶式期權(quán)分為兩部分討論,但對(duì)它們所用的方法是類似的。研究的結(jié)果可以應(yīng)用到經(jīng)濟(jì)、金融領(lǐng)域,比較2個(gè)隨機(jī)變量函數(shù)的矩,進(jìn)而比較期權(quán)價(jià)格的穩(wěn)定性,有助于投資者清晰化投資方向,優(yōu)化投資組合,幫助投資者減小風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的同時(shí)獲得最優(yōu)化利益。
1 美式蝶式期權(quán)方差的半?yún)?shù)界
本節(jié)我們將研究美式蝶式期權(quán)的方差,在所給出引理1的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)適當(dāng)?shù)姆趴s結(jié)合對(duì)偶原理,得出了美式蝶式期權(quán)方差的估計(jì)。首先介紹美式碟式期權(quán)的方差。
5 結(jié)論
針對(duì)美式蝶式期權(quán)及歐式蝶式期權(quán),我們借助對(duì)偶原理研究了其在給定矩條件下方差的半?yún)?shù)界。同時(shí),結(jié)合測(cè)度變換研究了單峰條件下2種期權(quán)協(xié)方差的上、下界問(wèn)題,最終給出了美式蝶式期權(quán)與max(S-K2,0)協(xié)方差的下界以及歐式蝶式期權(quán)與max(S-K2,0)協(xié)方差的上界。研究的結(jié)果對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、金融領(lǐng)域有實(shí)際意義,幫助投資者進(jìn)行決策分析。
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(責(zé)任編輯:編輯郭蕓婕)
收稿日期:2022-06-20
基金項(xiàng)目:黑龍江省博士后資助項(xiàng)目(LBH-Q21059),東北林業(yè)大學(xué)2021年度大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(202110225124)
作者簡(jiǎn)介:艾曉輝(1979—), 女,副教授,從事隨機(jī)過(guò)程、隨機(jī)微分方程、矩問(wèn)題的研究,e-mail:axh_826@163.com。
石河子大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版)2023年5期