于虹

【摘要】 目的 針對(duì)高齡膽結(jié)石患者圍手術(shù)期的護(hù)理方案詳細(xì)探討， 并進(jìn)行效果評(píng)價(jià)。方法 78例高齡膽結(jié)石患者， 隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組與實(shí)驗(yàn)組， 每組39例。所有患者均接受擇期手術(shù)治療， 對(duì)照組采取常規(guī)護(hù)理方案， 實(shí)驗(yàn)組采取圍手術(shù)期針對(duì)性護(hù)理方案。對(duì)兩組的臨床效果進(jìn)行對(duì)比評(píng)價(jià)。結(jié)果 實(shí)驗(yàn)組并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率5.13%低于對(duì)照組的23.08%， 差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。實(shí)驗(yàn)組護(hù)理滿意度評(píng)分（92.37±2.55）分高于對(duì)照組的（75.48±3.24）分， 差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。實(shí)驗(yàn)組術(shù)后下床活動(dòng)時(shí)間為（1.8±1.3）d、住院時(shí)間為（5.2±0.9）d， 均短于對(duì)照組的（3.5±0.8）、（8.7±1.6）d， 差異均具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 針對(duì)高齡膽結(jié)石患者采取圍手術(shù)期針對(duì)性護(hù)理臨床效果明顯， 利于提高臨床護(hù)理

質(zhì)量。

【關(guān)鍵詞】 膽結(jié)石;圍手術(shù)期;護(hù)理措施;高齡

DOI：10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2018.07.085

【Abstract】 Objective To discuss the perioperative nursing measures of senile cholelithiasis patients and evaluate its effect. Methods A total of 78 senile cholelithiasis patients were randomly divided into control group and experimental group， with 39 cases in each group. All patients received selected surgery， and the control group received conventional nursing regimen. The experimental group received targeted nursing regimen during perioperative period. The clinical effect in two groups was compared and evaluated. Results The experimental group had lower incidence of complications as 5.13% than 23.08% in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The experimental group had higher nursing satisfaction score as （92.37±

2.55） points than （75.48±3.24） points in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The experimental group had postoperative off-bed activity time as （1.8±1.3） d and hospitalization time as （5.2±0.9） d， which were all shorter than （3.5±0.8） and （8.7±1.6） d in the control group， and their difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion Application of perioperative targeted nursing shows obvious clinical effect for senile cholelithiasis patients， and it is beneficial to improve the quality of clinical nursing.

【Key words】 Cholelithiasis; Perioperative period; Nursing measures; Senile

高齡膽結(jié)石目前常規(guī)采用手術(shù)治療予以根治， 但術(shù)后的恢復(fù)效果以及并發(fā)癥成為影響手術(shù)效果的主要原因[1]。為此， 本文針對(duì)高齡膽結(jié)石患者圍手術(shù)期的護(hù)理措施進(jìn)行詳細(xì)探討， 并對(duì)護(hù)理效果進(jìn)行有效評(píng)價(jià)， 具體報(bào)告如下。

1 資料與方法

1. 1 一般資料 選取2016年2月～2017年6月本院收治的高齡膽結(jié)石患者78例進(jìn)行研究， 所有患者均接受擇期手術(shù)治療。將患者隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組與實(shí)驗(yàn)組， 每組39例。對(duì)照組中男19例， 女20例;平均年齡（81.3±2.8）歲。實(shí)驗(yàn)組中男18例， 女21例;平均年齡（81.5±3.2）歲。兩組患者一般資料比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05）， 具有可比性。

1. 2 方法 對(duì)照組患者實(shí)施常規(guī)護(hù)理方案， 調(diào)節(jié)術(shù)前患者身體健康情況， 積極做好術(shù)前準(zhǔn)備;手術(shù)中完善基礎(chǔ)護(hù)理工作， 密切配合手術(shù)醫(yī)生;術(shù)后幫助患者謹(jǐn)遵醫(yī)囑[2]。實(shí)驗(yàn)組患者采取圍手術(shù)期針對(duì)性護(hù)理方案， 具體方法如下。

1. 2. 1 術(shù)前護(hù)理 由于患者均為高齡， 問題應(yīng)對(duì)能力較弱并且對(duì)疾病及手術(shù)了解甚少， 護(hù)理工作人員應(yīng)針對(duì)患者心理問題予以疏導(dǎo)， 并將臨床知識(shí)予以普及， 使患者消除緊張， 正確對(duì)待手術(shù)治療過程， 增加對(duì)醫(yī)護(hù)人員的信任[3]。同時(shí)對(duì)患者既往病史進(jìn)行認(rèn)真分析， 改善原有基礎(chǔ)疾病， 使患者各項(xiàng)檢驗(yàn)指標(biāo)達(dá)到手術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)， 并嚴(yán)格實(shí)施術(shù)前禁食禁飲。