建筑設(shè)計(jì)：A2SM 建筑事務(wù)所

Architects: A2SM Architects

1 鳥(niǎo)瞰/Aerial view

對(duì)今天的歐洲城市來(lái)說(shuō)，最切實(shí)的話題之一就是如何賦予建筑遺產(chǎn)以新生，并適應(yīng)當(dāng)代需求。這么說(shuō)的原因在于，當(dāng)遺產(chǎn)能夠?yàn)樾碌闹魅怂褂?、照料和?ài)護(hù)，遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)工作總能更加自持、有效。由于大部分建筑遺產(chǎn)皆位于城市中，若使用得當(dāng)，它們將成為一項(xiàng)寶貴的資源，幫助吸引人才、資本并營(yíng)造獨(dú)一無(wú)二的地方形象。其間的挑戰(zhàn)，往往在于遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)的嚴(yán)格法規(guī)與新功能的野心及建筑形象的創(chuàng)新之間的矛盾。

在維爾紐斯，一處19世紀(jì)沙皇時(shí)代的醫(yī)院街區(qū)被賦予了一項(xiàng)非同尋常的功能。名為“維爾紐斯科技園”的這一建筑綜合體，在受到嚴(yán)格保護(hù)的同時(shí)成為數(shù)十家創(chuàng)業(yè)者的家。建筑師謹(jǐn)慎修復(fù)了建筑外部，并在室內(nèi)融入新的功能。歷史建筑的室內(nèi)元素，諸如磚墻、木吊頂、瓷磚、壁爐、煙囪等，共同賦予開(kāi)放大空間以獨(dú)特的特征，服務(wù)于創(chuàng)業(yè)者的需求。鑒于創(chuàng)業(yè)者的流動(dòng)性，室內(nèi)空間皆便于改造，以適應(yīng)不同業(yè)主。為了避免不同業(yè)主可能帶來(lái)的審美混亂，建筑師為所有房間都配備了相同家具及其他元素。為了避免落入當(dāng)代辦公空間的常規(guī)形象，建筑師創(chuàng)造性地使用重建工程的尾料——例如木料，用來(lái)為桌子和吧臺(tái)鋪面。

綜合體的功能布局不同于常規(guī)的辦公室。它不僅提供靈活的辦公空間，也附帶當(dāng)代商務(wù)和創(chuàng)意孵化器所需的設(shè)施：如禮堂、會(huì)議中心、正式和非正式討論室。庭院中設(shè)計(jì)擴(kuò)建了兩條由簡(jiǎn)單玻璃幕墻建造的廊道，將不同建筑連接起來(lái)。由于預(yù)算限制，如今只建成了一條。

為了防止它成為“聰慧青年的封閉社區(qū)”，建筑也歡迎當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦膮⑴c：公園面向公眾開(kāi)放，其中一間翻修建筑還被用作當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的教育中心?！酰S華青 譯）

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: 維爾紐斯科學(xué)藝術(shù)中心/Vilnius Technology and Arts Centre

主創(chuàng)設(shè)計(jì)師/Lead Architects: Aurimas Sasnauskas, Sla Malenko, Joris ?ykovas, Egl? ?idonyt?, Greta Fri?mantait?,Paulius Venckūnas. 聯(lián)合設(shè)計(jì)/Collaborating Architects:Senojo miesto architektai, Diana Sabaliauskien?

工程團(tuán)隊(duì)/Engineering Team: Dovil? ?porait?, Arvydas Stumbras, Mantas Baltru?aitis, Arūnas Antanavi?ius,Algirdas Baltru?aitis

面積/Area: 10,200m2

攝影/Photos: Norbert Tukaj

2 外景/Exterior view

Giving a new life to architectural heritage,adjusting it to contemporary needs, is one of the most actual topics for any European city. It is plausable not only because the preservation of the heritage is much more self-sustaining and works better when it is used, taken care of and loved by a current users. As the major part of architectural heritage is inside a city, it is a valuable resource, that,if used in a smart way, could help to attract people,economy and create unique image of the place. The challenge often lies in a conflict of strict regulations of preservation and ambition of new program and innovative architectural image.

In Vilnius, a tsarist hospital quarter of XIX c. was adjusted to an unconventional function. Embracing name of "Vilnius Tech Park", a complex of strictly protected buildings became home for dozens of startups. The architects carefully renovated exteriors, and adjusted interiors to the new programme. Historic interior elements, such as brickwork, wooden ceiling,ceramic tiles, fireplaces, chimneys, etc. give specific character to big open spaces, adjusted to the needs of a start-up. Because of shifting nature of a start-up,the premises are easily transformable and adjustable to different tenants. Ir order to avoid aesthetic chaos,possibly brought by every tenant, the architects equipped the rooms with the same furtinure and other elements. In order to avoid generic image of an interior of a contemporary office, the architects used creatively the tailings of the reconstruction – e.g., the wooden elements were used to cobble tables and the bar.

The programme of the complex is different from the one of an usual office layout. It offers not only flexible office spaces, but additional infrastructure for contemporary business and creativity hub: rooms for events, conferences, formal and informal meetings.Two corridors, connecting the buildings, are to be expanded towards the inner courtyarnd through the glazed simple shaped annexes. Due to a limited budget only one of them is implemented today.

In order to avoid formation of a "gated community of smart youth" the local citizens are welcome: the park is open to the public and one of the renovated buildings is given to a local community's educational centre. □ (Text by Rūta Leitanait?)

評(píng)論

韓林飛：維爾紐斯科技園，是由沙皇時(shí)期軍事醫(yī)院的磚建筑改造而成，屬于歷史建筑遺產(chǎn)改造項(xiàng)目。在改造中，建筑被賦予了一個(gè)大膽并富有創(chuàng)新性的功能——?jiǎng)?chuàng)業(yè)中心綜合體。面對(duì)綜合體靈活的空間需求，建筑保留下原有的平面結(jié)構(gòu)，僅植入兩條廊道，將不同功能連接起來(lái)。新添加的體塊使用了簡(jiǎn)單且具有物理透明性的玻璃幕墻，舊建筑的立面倒映其上，將加建部分對(duì)原有建筑的影響降到最低，低調(diào)而隱秘，是一種較好的與古為新的設(shè)計(jì)手法。

歷史建筑中諸如磚墻、木吊頂、瓷磚、壁爐、煙囪等室內(nèi)元素被保留下來(lái)，用作空間的展覽部分，同時(shí)舊的屋頂木材被重制成室內(nèi)家具，物得其用。這些歷史元素的保留再利用，充分表達(dá)了建筑遺產(chǎn)的原真性。

從城市的角度看，維爾紐斯科技園在尊重與保護(hù)建筑遺產(chǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上，植入當(dāng)代的功能需求，與現(xiàn)代的城市發(fā)展充分融合。公共空間的對(duì)外開(kāi)放，使歷史建筑融入現(xiàn)代化的城市交往空間，這些巧妙的設(shè)計(jì)構(gòu)思、熟練的建筑材料與空間的設(shè)計(jì)手法使這組歷史建筑煥發(fā)青春，展現(xiàn)了新的生命力。

3 外景/Exterior view

4 綜合體平面/Complex plan

5-7 內(nèi)景/Interior views

8 軸測(cè)圖/Axonometric

HAN Linfei: Vilnius Tech Park has converted from the brickwork of a Czarist-era military hospital; a project requiring the renovation of a historical heritage building. Through the renewal, the architecture has been boldly and innovatively transformed into an entrepreneurial hub. The original planar construction has been kept to meet the requirement of being a flexible space. However, two galleries have been created to connect the different functions. These newly-added parts use a simple, transparent glass curtain wall which reflects the fa?ade of the old section, thus minimizing the impact of the new extension by keeping it modest and hidden. This is a great design approach for renovation.

The interior elements of this historical building,including the brick wall, wooden ceiling, ceramic tiles and chimney, have all been retained as spacial exhibits; while the wooden roof has been refashioned into indoor furniture to let all things serve a purpose.The recycling of historical elements helps preserve the authenticity of this building's heritage.

From the perspective of urban advancement,Vilnius Tech Park has served modern needs by becoming part of contemporary city development,whilst still respecting and protecting its historical heritage. (Translated by Dandan Wang)

周漸佳：維爾紐斯科技公園的名稱和她的建筑形象形成了有趣的反差：曾作為沙皇時(shí)代醫(yī)院街區(qū)的綜合體保留了最古典的布局與形制，似乎與“創(chuàng)業(yè)”“科技”的印象相去甚遠(yuǎn)。如同設(shè)計(jì)者所自述的，改造的工作在努力地讓建筑遺產(chǎn)融入這個(gè)時(shí)代的生活方式與審美趣味。其中的挑戰(zhàn)不僅在于如何使這座來(lái)自19世紀(jì)且?guī)в袕?qiáng)烈功能屬性的建筑重新適應(yīng)現(xiàn)在的使用需要，同樣在于這種設(shè)計(jì)的姿態(tài)——是遵從歷史建筑的邏輯，還是引入新的秩序、建筑語(yǔ)言、形態(tài)去開(kāi)啟歷史與當(dāng)下的對(duì)話？顯然，沿原有建筑增加廊道的作法更趨于前一種選擇。這也令人猜測(cè)，如果是后一種作法會(huì)不會(huì)帶來(lái)更激進(jìn)、更有觀點(diǎn)的結(jié)果？

ZHOU Jianjia: The name of Vilnuis Tech Park is in sharp yet interesting contrast to the image of this building: as an old hospital complex in tsarist Russia,its classical layout and structure has been retained;this seems to be a far cry from the impression of"entrepreneurship" or "technology". As the architect himself explained, such reconstruction attempts to blend this architectural heritage with the new lifestyle and aesthetic taste in the modern era. His challenge is not simply how this 19th century building with its strong functional attributes can meet the contemporary needs; but also to decide which design approaches should be adopted: follow the logic of the design of this historical architecture, or introduce a new order, architectural language and form in order to start a dialogue between the past and present?Obviously, the new addition, two galleries, to its original building indicates the designer's choice of the former approach. Such choice makes one wonder whether a more radical and inner-directed result would be produced if the latter method was employed.(Translated by Dandan Wang)

9 內(nèi) 景/Interior views

10 內(nèi)景/Interior views

12 內(nèi)景/Interior views

13 內(nèi)景/Interior views