溫偉
摘 要: 針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的測(cè)試器存在測(cè)試結(jié)果不準(zhǔn)確的問題,設(shè)計(jì)一種體育訓(xùn)練過程中強(qiáng)度極限測(cè)試器。該體育訓(xùn)練強(qiáng)度極限測(cè)試器在硬件上融合了大量的傳感器以及傳感電路,特別是對(duì)傳感信號(hào)發(fā)生電路進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),反應(yīng)判斷電路是硬件系統(tǒng)的核心組件,設(shè)計(jì)的反應(yīng)判斷電路能夠?qū)Σ杉臄?shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)處理,還設(shè)計(jì)了應(yīng)用單片機(jī)。在軟件設(shè)計(jì)上對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化采集處理,運(yùn)用多項(xiàng)視覺關(guān)聯(lián)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)采集,優(yōu)化了脈沖保護(hù)計(jì)算,這樣提高了運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度極限數(shù)據(jù)的準(zhǔn)確性。為了保證設(shè)計(jì)的合理性,模擬應(yīng)用環(huán)境進(jìn)行仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),通過實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的分析可以看出設(shè)計(jì)的體育訓(xùn)練過程強(qiáng)度極限測(cè)試器的有效性。
關(guān)鍵詞: 運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練; 強(qiáng)度極限; 測(cè)試器; 數(shù)據(jù)采集; 反應(yīng)判斷; 視覺關(guān)聯(lián)
中圖分類號(hào): TN606?34; TP391 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼: A 文章編號(hào): 1004?373X(2018)04?0075?03
Abstract: In allusion to the problem that there exist inaccurate test results in the traditional tester, a strength limit tester used in the process of sports training is designed. In hardware of the sports training strength limit tester, a large amount of sensors and sensing circuits are integrated, and the sensing signal generating circuit design is especially optimized. As the core component of the hardware system, the designed reaction judging circuit can perform standard processing of the collected data, and the applied single?chip micro?controller is designed. In software design, the optimized collection processing is performed for data acquisition system, and real?time data collection is performed by using multiple visual correlations to optimize the pulse protection calculation, which improves the accuracy of the motion intensity limit data. To ensure the rationality of the design, the application environment was simulated to carry out the simulation experiment. The experiment data analysis results demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed intensity limit tester used in the process of sports training.
Keywords: sports training; intensity limit; tester; data acquisition; reaction judgment; visual correlation
0 引 言
傳統(tǒng)的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練過程中,對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)極限數(shù)據(jù)的采集過程關(guān)系到運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練的實(shí)質(zhì)性,特別是針對(duì)要求爆發(fā)力較大的運(yùn)動(dòng),運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中的運(yùn)動(dòng)極限數(shù)據(jù)采集是非常困難的,采集的極限數(shù)據(jù)必須在第一時(shí)間進(jìn)行分析,因?yàn)闃O限數(shù)據(jù)具有一定瞬時(shí)性[1]。極限數(shù)據(jù)采集過程中伴隨一定的參雜數(shù)據(jù),這些參雜數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)極大地阻礙數(shù)據(jù)處理過程的準(zhǔn)確性,傳統(tǒng)方法中極限數(shù)據(jù)的采集過程是通過多項(xiàng)數(shù)據(jù)節(jié)點(diǎn)方法進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)采集的,傳統(tǒng)方法中的極限數(shù)據(jù)生成過程要經(jīng)過采集、保存才能進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一的數(shù)據(jù)處理,這樣數(shù)據(jù)的瞬時(shí)性根本無法體現(xiàn),并且極限數(shù)據(jù)處理以及極限數(shù)據(jù)采集,都是分離的。針對(duì)上述問題,本文設(shè)計(jì)了一款體育訓(xùn)練過程中的強(qiáng)度極限測(cè)試器(以下簡(jiǎn)稱“測(cè)試器”)。該測(cè)試器在硬件上融合了大量的傳感器以及傳感電路,并利用實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行有效證明,保證了設(shè)計(jì)的合理性及有效性。
1 硬件設(shè)計(jì)
1.1 傳感信號(hào)發(fā)生電路
該測(cè)試器的傳感信號(hào)發(fā)生電路中包括兩種型號(hào)的傳感集群電路:4 kB EPROM,256 kB RAM。通過運(yùn)動(dòng)的幅度以及運(yùn)動(dòng)的傳感點(diǎn)的動(dòng)態(tài)變化,產(chǎn)生一定隨機(jī)的序列號(hào)[2],并且可以通過多個(gè)I/O端口進(jìn)行序列號(hào)的輸送,將采集的序列號(hào)經(jīng)過重新設(shè)定,加入延時(shí)選項(xiàng),根據(jù)不同的參數(shù)設(shè)置傳輸給反應(yīng)電路。
1.2 反應(yīng)判斷電路
該測(cè)試器在反應(yīng)判斷電路選用89C51P1型號(hào)判斷電路,把有傳感信號(hào)發(fā)生電路中的信號(hào)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理,由于傳輸過程中需要時(shí)間延續(xù),所以在延時(shí)處理中十分小心。針對(duì)不同運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目設(shè)置延時(shí)也不同,為保證數(shù)據(jù)處理過程的準(zhǔn)確性[3?4],在反應(yīng)判斷電路中設(shè)置一項(xiàng)分電路,其能在一定區(qū)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行快速地?cái)?shù)據(jù)疊加,有效地保證了數(shù)據(jù)的瞬時(shí)性。
2 軟件設(shè)計(jì)
2.1 極限數(shù)據(jù)采集
3 仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)分析
3.1 參數(shù)設(shè)定
為了保證該測(cè)試器的有效性,對(duì)參數(shù)進(jìn)行設(shè)定,極限數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)際采集測(cè)量值[fcjhsun]在 [10.5,35.5]值域范圍之內(nèi),不能選取過多也不能太少;設(shè)置過程參量[Q2ij]在[82.3,90.6]之間;保證承接數(shù)據(jù)的參量[-γτ]為15.36;多變參數(shù)的權(quán)值[Hij]為25.69。本文設(shè)計(jì)的試驗(yàn)?zāi)M平面圖如圖3所示。endprint
3.2 采集訓(xùn)練樣本
樣本的采集成功與否,直接影響計(jì)算過程的準(zhǔn)確度。本文為了能夠得到準(zhǔn)確的樣本數(shù)據(jù),參考文獻(xiàn)給出強(qiáng)度數(shù)據(jù)表格,這樣可以更加科學(xué)的進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。
3.3 結(jié)果對(duì)比分析
分析圖4結(jié)果得知,虛線是已知的運(yùn)動(dòng)員極限數(shù)據(jù),可以看出傳統(tǒng)方法結(jié)果與實(shí)際還有一定的距離,改進(jìn)方法的數(shù)據(jù)幾乎與已知數(shù)據(jù)一致,因此該測(cè)試器能夠更好地對(duì)強(qiáng)度極限數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行測(cè)試。
4 結(jié) 語
本文設(shè)計(jì)的體育訓(xùn)練過程中強(qiáng)度極限測(cè)試器,在硬件上融合了大量傳感器以及傳感電路、單片機(jī)。在軟件設(shè)計(jì)上對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,運(yùn)用多項(xiàng)視覺關(guān)系進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)采集。希望通過本文的研究能為體育強(qiáng)度極限數(shù)據(jù)測(cè)量提供更好的方法。
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