一、課例背景
本課在2012年內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)中學(xué)英語教學(xué)基本功大賽中獲得一等獎(jiǎng),授課時(shí)長40分鐘,執(zhí)教者是內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)阿拉善盟第一中學(xué)的楊英老師,指導(dǎo)老師為內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)阿拉善盟教研室劉光孝老師。
二、教學(xué)分析
1.教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析
傳統(tǒng)的高中語法教學(xué)純屬“填鴨式”教學(xué)。教師梳理出每個(gè)語法項(xiàng)目的重要規(guī)則,羅列出大量例句,學(xué)生只好硬著頭皮做筆記,課堂氣氛死氣沉沉。為了改變這種情況,備課團(tuán)隊(duì)和執(zhí)教老師整合材料,從高中英語語法課課堂教學(xué)實(shí)踐出發(fā),運(yùn)用任務(wù)型教學(xué)法,設(shè)計(jì)了多層次的任務(wù),營造多彩的任務(wù)執(zhí)行環(huán)境。
本課選取的是人教版必修五第一單元的語法項(xiàng)目——過去分詞作定語和表語的用法,精心設(shè)計(jì)了一堂以任務(wù)型教學(xué)為主體,依托學(xué)案這一新型的教學(xué)輔助材料的語法課。
2.學(xué)生分析
本節(jié)課的學(xué)生來自通遼,英語基礎(chǔ)較好,絕大多數(shù)學(xué)生在課堂上能借助老師和同學(xué)的幫助,出色地完成學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)。
三、教學(xué)過程
Step I:Lead in
請(qǐng)學(xué)生仔細(xì)讀下面一段對(duì)話,劃出對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)的兩個(gè)過去分詞并說出它們的作用:
—— Look at the excited boy!Why is he so happy?
——He won the first prize in the contest.No wonder he is excited!
【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】 通過一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的對(duì)話讓學(xué)生明確什么是過去分詞,過去分詞可以充當(dāng)哪些成分。直接導(dǎo)入本課的主題。
Step II. Discovering useful structures
(1)Doctor John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.
(2)John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street.
(3)He got interested in the two theories.
(4)Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.
【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】 通過這一環(huán)節(jié)可以讓學(xué)生明確什么是定語,什么是表語。
Step III : Understanding and summarizing
(1)過去分詞作定語的位置
fallen leaves;retired workers;boiled water
The girl named May is in our class.
We are studying in a school built 14 years ago.
(2)過去分詞作定語的意義
a used stamp;a broken window;a closed door;a respected teacher
a drunk man;a developed country;boiled water;fallen leaves
【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】 通過觀察和翻譯多個(gè)短語和句子,學(xué)生能夠很容易總結(jié)出單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語,放在被修飾的詞的前面;過去分詞短語放在被修飾的詞的后面,叫做后置定語。
(3)過去分詞作定語與定語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換
We all like the lectures that are given by Mr. Song.
=>We all like the lectures given by Mr. Song.
The bridge which was built 2000 years ago is in good condition now.
=> The bridge built 2000 years ago is in good condition now.
【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】 已經(jīng)有了前面的鋪墊,學(xué)生可以很輕松地掌握:定語從句轉(zhuǎn)換為過去分詞作定語,要把定語從句中的引導(dǎo)詞和be動(dòng)詞省去。
(4)過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的區(qū)別
the changing world;the changed world
developing countries;developed countries
The woman giving a lesson is our teacher.
Did you attend the meeting held yesterday?
【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】 此處體現(xiàn)了翻譯法在習(xí)得語言中的重要作用,只要學(xué)生能正確理解短語和句子的意思,就能很自然地得出結(jié)論:現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行,過去分詞表被動(dòng)和完成。
(5) 過去分詞作表語構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)
When we heard of it,we were deeply moved.She looked disapp-
ointed.
You seem frightened.He got burned when he cooked.
Some problems still remained unsolved.
His wound became infected with a new virus.
I feel disappointed with the result of the test.
【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】 通過師生問答,學(xué)生在教師的引導(dǎo)下對(duì)句子進(jìn)行分析,更深入地了解到過去分詞作表語時(shí),連系動(dòng)詞除了be 以外,還可以用look,seem,get等,過去分詞大多已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞, 表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。
(6) 某些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作表語的區(qū)別
The result of the test is disappointing.
I feel disappointed with the result of the test.
The story is very interesting.He is interested in the book.
What a surprising result! I am surprised at what he said.
【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】 本環(huán)節(jié)還是讓學(xué)生四人小組合作翻譯句子,這樣的活動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)是通過對(duì)大量短語和例句的英漢互譯,以及分析,讓學(xué)生在理解的基礎(chǔ)上通過合作學(xué)習(xí)總結(jié)出語法規(guī)律。
四、教學(xué)反思
本節(jié)課的獨(dú)到之處在于在整個(gè)教學(xué)過程中,始終堅(jiān)持以學(xué)生為實(shí)際課堂的主體的原則,以學(xué)案任務(wù)活動(dòng)為依托,設(shè)計(jì)了由淺到深、循序漸進(jìn)的活動(dòng),讓學(xué)生通過大量的英漢互譯和例句分析,積極主動(dòng)參與,進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造性學(xué)習(xí)。
參考文獻(xiàn):
賈冠杰.外語教育心理學(xué)[M].南寧:廣西教育出版社,2001.
編輯 喬建梅