肖華

定語從句是英語學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)，也是學(xué)習(xí)的重點和難點。高三二輪復(fù)習(xí)還是要一些重點難點的句型，容易出錯的題型進行歸納講解，下面是我對幾類學(xué)生不易掌握的定語從句的歸納與分析。

一、分割定語從句（朗讀并翻譯下列句子，認真查看定語

從句的特點：

1.I was the only person in my office who was invited.

2.Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to see you ？

3.The day will surely come when everybody realizes the danger of pollution.

4.He arrived in Jinzhou in 1984， Where he became a manager some years later.

5.China has produced many great writers over the past ten years ，among whom was Mo Yan.

要點歸納：分割定語從句，先行詞余定語從句被其他成分分割時，首先要根據(jù)句子意義確定先行詞和定語從句，然后選擇合適的關(guān)系詞。

二、含有插入語的定語從句

1. Ahead of me I saw a woman who I thought was my aunt.

2.I will hire the man who they say is a good English speaker.

3.The girl who you suppose is honest is her sister.

要點歸納：關(guān)系詞后含有插入語you think /suppose /believe/imagine/say/guess等地定語從句中，確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分時，要先去掉插入語，然后再確定句子成分，不要受插入語的影響。

三、定語從句與并列從句的區(qū)別

1.MR Li has three daughters， none of whom is an engineer.

2.Mr Li has three daughters， but none of them is a dancer.

3.Mr Li has three daughters； none/they are doctors.

要點歸納：并列句用but ， and，或分號連接；定語句子用關(guān)系詞來引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系詞具有兩個作用，一是放在先行詞與定語從句之間起連接主語和從句的作用，二時充當從句的一個成分。

四、where定語從句where狀語從句的區(qū)別

1.He left the key where he had been an hour before .（狀語從句）

2.He left the place where lived for many years.（定語從句）

3.Rice grows well where there is enough water.（狀語從句）

4.I still remember the farm where/on which my parents worked the years ago.（定語從句）

要點歸納：where 引導(dǎo)的定語從句用來修飾表示地點意義的名詞或代詞，可以改成介詞+which；where引導(dǎo)的地點狀語從句用來修飾動詞，表示動作發(fā)生或存在的地點，不可以改成介詞+which；做題時，先根據(jù)句意確定有無先行詞。如有，是定語從句，無則是狀語從句。

五、定語從句與強調(diào)句的區(qū)別

1.It is on the morning of May 1st that I met John at the airport.（強調(diào)句）

2.It is the factory where /in which John works.（定語從句）

3.It is in Qingdao youre going to pay a visit to that this kind of washing machine is produced .（強調(diào)句）

4.It was in Beihai Park where they made a date for the first time that the old couple told us their love story.（強調(diào)句）

5.——Wasnt it Doctor Wang who spoke to you just now？

——Yes， it was.（定語從句）

要點歸納：定語從句去掉it be …that 句子不完整；強調(diào)句去掉it be …that 句子完整。有時強調(diào)句還以省略形式出現(xiàn) 例如2就是省略了強調(diào)句。

六、定語從句與結(jié)果狀語從句的區(qū)別

1.I have the same computer as you have.（定語從句）

2.She is such a kind girl that all of us like to make friends with her.（結(jié)果狀語從句）

3.He is such a good teacher as we all love and respect.（定語從句）

4.He is such a good teacher that we all love and respect him.（結(jié)果狀語從句）

要點歸納：such/the same …as 中，as 是關(guān)系代詞，其后句子不完整。as 在從句中充當成分（主語，賓語或表語）；such…that結(jié)果狀語從句中，其后句子是完整的，that 只起連接作用。

七、that引導(dǎo)同位語從句與that引導(dǎo)定語從句區(qū)別

1.The text tells me a fact （that）I have already known.（定語從句）

2.The text tells me a fact that smoking does harm to peoples health.（同位語從句）

3.The news that he told me yesterday made me surprised. （定語從句）

4.The news that he had passed the exam made me surprised.（同位語從句）

要點歸納：that連接同位語從句常放在抽象名詞（news，fact， idea， suggestion ，advice，hope）等之后，表明抽象名詞具體內(nèi)容，中間加be 可以理解。同位語從句本身句子完整，that無意義，只起連接作用，不在從句中作任何成分，不能省略，也不可用which 代替；that引導(dǎo)定語從句，定語從句句子不完整，that 是關(guān)系代詞，它在從句中不但起連接作用，同時在從句中做成分（主語，賓語或表語），做賓語時可以省略，指物時還可以用which代替，指人時常用who代替。

八、it， was與that三種句型的轉(zhuǎn)換

1.What is well known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games were a great success.

2.It is well known to us all that the 2008 Olympic Games were a great success.

3.As is well known to us all， the 2008 Olympic Games were a great success.

九、結(jié)束語

以上包含了定語從句的重點難點句型，所舉例句也是學(xué)生容易犯錯的題型，我把常見的易錯的句型放在一起有效地進行對比分析，使學(xué)生更容易理解。