English Abstracts

The narrative of NanYang in Sima-Wensen and Ba Ren's works were in the Sight of enlightenment.They not only followed and diverted the enlightenment discourse since the late Qing dynasty，but also revised and rewrote it according their experiments of Nan Yang，and constructed a new narrative mode of history writing of overseas Chinese.The reproducing and transformation of tradition based succeeding would be convoluting. Convoluting means relation and motility are same important，means the zigzag path of influence，and the interweaving between succeeding and reform. Convoluting also mean that the alien factor in works was not change the tradition immediately；but the merging between tradition and new writing target would produce a new sight of literature.The value of these texts were not found in the old tradition，but we would give them a correct position through the sight that how the experience of other land to affect writing.It's just the way to find the value of narrative of NanYang in Sima-Wensen and Ba Ren's works.

enlightenment discourse；experience of Nan Yang；difference；Sima-Wensen；Ba Ren

Abstract：In Tripmaster Monkey：His Fake book，Maxine Hong Kingston weaves the representation of body into the novel's postmodernist narration. The novel develops from Wittman Asing's ambition to stage a drama to the successful performance of the drama，when“racial self-hatred”and“racial self-love”exist synchronically.Racial self-hatred implies the abandonment of one's ethnic community，while“racial self-love”implies the author's ideals of constructing a multicultural community with racial equality.The obvious paradox thus presented shows that the multicultural community based on differences is a form of“new racism”，whichmakesnocontributiontoChinese American's assimilation into America.

Key words：Maxine Hong Kingston；Tripmaster Monkey：His Fake Book；racial self-hatred；racial body

Abstract：The upstream countries from international watercourses make great contributions to the volumes of water supplies，especially for the shared waters.Although the principle of“fair utilization”of the international waterways law is universally used in different countries，it seems so difficult to achieve fairness.Many countries focus on maximizing their interest，so the perfectly equitable sharing is unfair for those upstream countries.Both of the upstream and downstream countries inhabit ofwater，so their economies are inexorably linked and formed a community of interest.Based on these facts，it is quite necessary to cite the function of ecosystem and the ratio method for reparsing the value of“fairness”and reform the management method of shared waters.Based on the management methods of the joint commission of international waterways and principles of the company laws，this paper made a hypothesis of establishing an international water investment company as a major carrier of exploring and utilizing the shared waters by the coastal countries.The company should be a joint-stock company.And it has two functions：First，measuring the length of river frontage and the depth of river bed of these coastal countries，the two elements are both quite important to the contribution of the water supplies.So we can reference the figures and decide how many shares the country will represent in the international water investment company.It would be a good practice for solving the problem of sharing profits in the form of stocks；secondly，the stocks of the enterprise would be traded on the open market. The liquidity of the trade of stocks would satisfy the demand of the coastal countries which at different levels of economic development，both in near future and long term.At the same time，the new practice would also guarantee the ecosystem of the international waterways functions safely and finally achieve the sustainable development.

Key words：international watercourses；ecosystem approach；principle of fairness；principle of proportionality；international water-service company

Abstract：TPP enhance the protection of IP Right protection in digital environment，the‘Safe harbors’regime in TPP is the first time of stipulation in the multilateral agreement，the rule of Notice-Takedown is the specific condition of ISP's limit of liability.Furthermore，TPP improve the obligation of information disclosure of Internet Service Provider.Other than infringement in the digital environment，the provisions of technological protection measures and right management information in TPP，are in the section of copyright and related rights，advance and clarify the ACTA.In terms of technological protection measures，TPP expand the scopes of anti-circumvention and illustrate the situations of legal remedy.As for the right management information，TPP enlarge the types of prohibited acts and the cognition of the infringer is degraded.

Key words：TPP；ACTA；Internet Service Provider；technological protection measures；right management information

Abstract：According to the source of state power，whether the locality hould share the power of establishing and amending the constitutional law，the relation between the basic law and the constitutional law as well as the nature of the basic law and the method about dividing the administrative power between the central government and the Special Administrative Region（SAR），this paper analyzes the nature of the local autonomy，which the SAR enjoys in the unitary state.In the light of the Hong Kong basic law and its operating prac-tice，this paper elaborates the range of state power affairs，including the sole sovereign affairs，the autonomic affairs which can be authorized to the local and the affairs which can be entrusted to the local.The range of local autonomy includes the autonomic affairs which can be authorized to the local and the affairs which can be entrusted to the local.Through three different types of authorization，the SAR enjoys two levels of authorization including the authorization of the autonomic affairs and the authorization of non-autonomic affairs（including the affairs which can be entrusted to the local）.About the autonomy of the local autonomic affairs which can be authorized，the nation authorizes to local through general authorization，which is achieved through the article 31 in constitutional law and the article 2 in the basic law.The autonomy of the non local affairs can be achieved through the authorization by the basic law and other laws. This kind of autonomy is exercised through institution（central government in a broad sense）that enjoys the right to authorize other institutions（the local autonomous institutions）based on the basic law and other laws.

Key words：special administrative region；authorization；autonomy

Abstract：The Legalization of administrative approval means it makes the spirit of rule of law run through the whole process of the administrative approval，and also it is an irresistible trend for deepening the reforms in an all-round way.However，it doesn't always have a favorable wind all the day and too much obstacle exist in this process.The idea of omnipotent government is the ideological

obstruction for the Legalization of administrative approval，governments egoism driving is the action problem for it and the limit existing the current legal system of administrative approval is the system barriers.Therefore，we should take the negative list management of administrative approval for the essential choice about the Legalization of administrative approval，betimes revise and improve Administrative Approval Law，perfect supporting systems of administrative approval and promote the process of the Legalization of administrative approval in a systematic phased and holistic way.

Key words：administrative approval；Legalization； negative list

Abstract：The Portuguese implemented colonial governance policies in Macao by strong force after the Opium War and one of the important contents was to encourage Chinese residents in Macao to join the Portuguese，accepting governance of the Macao government.In this political background，Chinese joined the Portuguese nationality，or to escape the coercion of Qing Government，or for the convenience of living，or for herd mentality of immigrants.These people traded in the mainland and turned to the Portuguese consul when they were involved in the litigation.As a result，it became a diplomatic incident between China and Portugal，and caused great distress to the local administration of Qing Government，which was criticized by people.In fact，most of them keened on mainlandaffairs，maintainedimperialpower，sought official post of Qing Dynasty，concerned social development of mainland，hold the Confuciantradition，highlighted unaltered“China heart”constantly.Trace to the source，they did not want to be a true Portuguese from cultural psychological.

Key words：the Late Qing period；Chinese residents in Macao；nationality；cultural identity

Abstract：Since the ancient times，there have been a lot of social assistance activities in China. Pre-modern China，with the development in social economy，the growing-up of the rich class，and the proposing of the theory of raising people by people themselves，civil social assistance came into a new development phase，under which civil warehousing，non-governmental social assistance organizations and the local religious organizations conductingvarioussocialassistanceactivities brought the flourish in civil social assistance.This was not only strongly advocated by the government，commonly agreed in value by the society，but actively participated by the rich class，which reflected the development and advancement of the whole sociey and can be a useful reference for building today's Chinese style social security system.

Key words：pre-modern China；civil society；assistance activities；prosperity

［責(zé)任編輯 叢 敏］

The Convoluting of Enlightenment Discourse in Other Land：A Study on the Narrative of Nan Yang in Sima-Wensen and Ba Ren's Works

YAN Min
Chinese Department，Huizhou University Huizhou 516007，China

The Paradox of Racial Self-Hatred and Self-Love：On the Body Writing of Tripmaster Monkey：His Fake Book

PAN Min-fang

School of Foreign Languages，Guangdong University of Technology，Guangzhou 510006，China

Research on the Company Management System of International Watercourses

ZHENG Wen-lin
School of Economics and Business Administration Chongqing University，Chongqing 400030，China

From ACTA to TPP：Research on the Latest Development of Protection of IP Right in Digital Environment

SHANG Yan
School of Law，University of International Business and Economics，Beijing 100029，China

On the Nature of the Authorized Local Autonomy and the Authorization Mechanism of the Special Administrative Region

DU Cheng-ming
School of Law，Guangdong University of Finance and Economic，Guangzhou 510632，China

The Legal Analysis and Routing for the Legalization of Administrative Approval

LIU Yun-fu
School of Marxism，Guangdong University of Foreign Studies，Guangzhou 510420，China

The Choice of Civilidentity and Cultural Identity of Chinese Residents in Macao in Modern Times

CHEN Wen-yuan

College of Liberal Arts，Jinan University Guangzhou 510632，China

The Prosperity of Non-governmental Social Assistance in Pre-modern China

CHEN Bi-fen
Humanities College of Yunnan University Kunming 650091，China