摘要從2010~2012年對曲阜市吳村鎮(zhèn)峪口東村棕壤試驗(yàn)地3種土地利用類型下土壤有機(jī)碳進(jìn)行研究,結(jié)果表明,表層土壤有機(jī)碳含量及碳密度高低為耕地>休耕地>荒地,耕作方式是耕地表層有機(jī)碳含量及有機(jī)碳密度較高的主要原因。試驗(yàn)區(qū)表層土壤有機(jī)碳密度在國內(nèi)處于一般水平狀態(tài),在時(shí)間上試驗(yàn)區(qū)耕土壤有機(jī)碳呈長期穩(wěn)定狀態(tài),休耕初始階段則使土壤有機(jī)碳含量降低,荒地有機(jī)碳呈不規(guī)則波動(dòng)狀態(tài)。試驗(yàn)區(qū)土壤有機(jī)碳與人類活動(dòng)影響下As等理化指標(biāo)較強(qiáng)顯著相關(guān)。
關(guān)鍵詞曲阜;棕壤試驗(yàn)區(qū);土壤有機(jī)碳;土地利用類型
中圖分類號S153.6+1文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼A文章編號0517-6611(2014)24-08140-03
Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon in Three Kinds of Brown Soil in Qufu City
LIU Huafeng et al(Shandong Geological Survey Institute, Jinan, Shandong 250013)
AbstractThe organic carbon of brown soil under three land use types was studied in Yukou Village from 2010 to 2012. The results show that the surface soil organic carbon content and carbon density is: arable land> fallow> wasteland. Farming way is the main reason for the high content and organic carbon density in arable land. Compared with other domestic research, surface soil organic carbon density in the test area is at the general level status, and soil organic carbon in longterm stable state in the test zone. The initial stages of the fallow soil organic carbon content decreased, wasteland organic carbon fluctuated irregularly. Soil organic carbon is significantly associated with these indicators such as As which is under the impact of human activities.
Key wordsQufu City; Brown soil zone; Soil organic carbon; Land use types
土壤有機(jī)碳是土壤肥力的重要來源[1-2]。土壤有機(jī)碳的含量及其動(dòng)態(tài)平衡直接影響土壤肥力和作物產(chǎn)量的高低[3]。研究表明,土壤有機(jī)碳在很大程度上影響著土壤結(jié)構(gòu)的形成和穩(wěn)定性、土壤的持水性能和植物營養(yǎng)的生物有效性以及土壤的緩沖性能和土壤生物多樣性等一系列土壤過程[4-7]。近年來,國內(nèi)外對土壤有機(jī)碳的研究已成為熱點(diǎn)。人們對區(qū)域性和全球性土壤有機(jī)碳儲量的研究也愈趨廣泛和深入,其中主要針對土壤有機(jī)碳庫和固碳潛力研究較前沿。棕壤是山東省面積較大的土壤類型之一。筆者基于棕壤試驗(yàn)區(qū)不同土地利用下進(jìn)行土壤有機(jī)碳研究。
1材料與方法
1.1研究區(qū)概況棕壤試驗(yàn)區(qū)位于山東省曲阜市吳村鎮(zhèn)峪口東村,地理范圍為E 117°00′26.6″~117°00′28.2″, N 35°45′41.2″~35°45′50.0″。地質(zhì)背景為第四系山前組,地貌類型為平原,氣候?yàn)闇嘏瘞Т箨懶约撅L(fēng)氣候,年平均氣溫13.6 ℃,年平均降水量666 mm。社會經(jīng)濟(jì)以農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和旅游為主,耕作方式為一年兩季,秋玉米與夏小麥輪作。
在研究區(qū)布設(shè)耕地、休耕地和荒地3種土地利用類型(1)曲阜棕壤試驗(yàn)區(qū)表層土壤有機(jī)碳含量、碳密度在不同土地利用類型下狀況為荒地>耕地>休耕地。這與大部分學(xué)者研究一致。與國內(nèi)其他研究相比,試驗(yàn)區(qū)有機(jī)碳含量、密度處于一般水平狀態(tài)。
(2)在時(shí)間進(jìn)程上,試驗(yàn)區(qū)耕地土壤有機(jī)碳呈長期穩(wěn)定狀態(tài),休耕地呈逐漸增長趨勢,而荒地則反映了自然條件下無規(guī)律的波動(dòng)狀態(tài)。
(3)相關(guān)系數(shù)表明,試驗(yàn)區(qū)土壤有機(jī)碳與人類活動(dòng)影響的理化指標(biāo)As、Cr、Zn、N等顯著性相關(guān),揭示了人類活動(dòng)帶來的元素對表層土壤有機(jī)碳含量有著一定的影響。
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