【關(guān)鍵詞】so as to; so...... as to; so that; so...... that; such that; such...... that; such as; such...... as; the same as; the same...... as.

1.so as to表目的和結(jié)果。譯為“為的……是; 以便”或“結(jié)果是，以至于”等。

so … as to表結(jié)果。譯為“如此… 以至于”等。

Eg：a. She gets up early so as to be in time for morning exercises. 她每天起得早以便及時(shí)參加早操。

b. Take care so as not to break its back. 小心別傷了自己。

c. She is so young as to look like a child. 她年輕得像孩子一樣。

2.so that為從屬短語(yǔ)連詞，主要引導(dǎo)目的和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。譯為“為的是；以便”或“果是，以至于”等。要判斷其是目的從句還是結(jié)果從句，應(yīng)根據(jù)主從句的邏輯關(guān)系去判斷。

so… that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。其結(jié)構(gòu)可分為四種形式：1）so+ 形容詞（分詞或副詞）+ that；2）so +形容詞+a(an)+ 單數(shù)名詞+ that從句；3）so +動(dòng)詞+that從句；4）so + many， few(much， little)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞（不可數(shù)名詞）+that從句。

such… that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。也可分為幾種句式：1）such+ a(an) + 單數(shù)名詞+that從句；2）such + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞+that從句；3）such +不可數(shù)名詞+that從句；4）such +形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+that從句；5）such +形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+that從句；6）such + a(an)+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞+that從句。

Eg：a. It was cold so that I could hardly keep still. 那時(shí)天冷，我無(wú)法保持不動(dòng)。

b. They advertised the concert so that everyone should know about it. 為了使每個(gè)人都知道這次音樂(lè)會(huì)，他們登了廣告。

c. It is such bad treatment that I can not enjoy it. 這樣的對(duì)待是我不能感到愉快的。

3.such… as…such是形容詞，后可接名詞，名詞前還可加其他形容詞修飾； as 引定語(yǔ)從句。整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)一般譯為“像……這樣的，像……之類的”。

such… as toto后接動(dòng)詞，表程度和結(jié)果。

Eg：a. I hope to get such a tool as he repaired this instrument with. 我希望能得到像他用來(lái)修理這個(gè)儀器的那類工具。

b. The computer is programmed in such a way as to gather a wide range of information from outer space. 這臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)的程序設(shè)計(jì)得使它能從外層空間廣泛收集信息。

4.such as復(fù)合連詞 列舉事物，表示“諸如，例如”的意思。as還可引出定語(yǔ)從句（是代詞，作“這樣的人或事物”解，as是關(guān)系代詞），相當(dāng)于those， that， who。

such as to后接動(dòng)詞，表程度和結(jié)果。

Eg：a. He hasn’t got many specimens but he will send you such as （those/ that) he has. 他沒(méi)有好多標(biāo)本，不過(guò)他會(huì)把所有的都送給你。

b. Her illness was not such as to cause anxiety. 她的病不是那種令人著急的病。

5.the same … as … 一般表示“與……相同”的意思，從句表示的內(nèi)容與主句表示的內(nèi)容相似。

the same… that… 一般表示從句的內(nèi)容與主句的事物是“同一的”。

the same as中的same是代詞作先行詞，as引出的定語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明其先行詞same，它的含義與the same ……as 相同。

Eg：a. What is another word that means the same as “perhaps”?另一個(gè)與perhaps 具有相同意義的詞是哪個(gè)詞？

b. This is the same watch that I saw.這只表正是我看到的那只。

c. Old people do not feel the same about sport as young ones do. 對(duì)于運(yùn)動(dòng)老年人沒(méi)有跟年輕人同樣的感覺(jué)。

高考鏈接

1.【2009 上海卷】 The Great Wall is ___ tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.

A. so a well-known B. a so well-known

C. such well-known a D. such a well-known

2.【2009 山東卷】 So sudden ___ that the enemy had no time to escape.

A. did the attack B. the attack did

C. was the attack D. the attack was

3.【2008 江西卷】 My English teacher’s humour was ___ make every student burst into laughter.

A. so as to B. such as to

C. such thatD. so that

4.【2008 四川卷】I haven’t seen Ann for ___ long that I’ve forgotten what she looks like.

A. suchB. very C. so D. too

5.【2006 陜西卷】His plan was such a good one ___ we all agreed to accept it.

A. so B. andC. that D. as

6.【2005 北京卷】I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early ___ I can have time for a cup of tea.

A. as soon as B. as a result

C. in caseD. so that

Keys:1.D2. C3. B4. C5. C6. D

（作者單位：山東肥城一中）