劉新會(huì)

近年來(lái)的英語(yǔ)高考試題更加注重考查考生在特定語(yǔ)言環(huán)境下綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力，體現(xiàn)出綜合性、語(yǔ)境化的的特征。命題一般通過(guò)小對(duì)話(huà)、并列句或主從復(fù)合句等較復(fù)雜的句式，使題干變長(zhǎng)，信息量加大，以保證語(yǔ)境的充分設(shè)置，加大試題的難度。此時(shí)，考生若能準(zhǔn)確把握語(yǔ)境，找準(zhǔn)題干所提供的關(guān)鍵信息（即“關(guān)鍵詞”），一些看似撲朔迷離的問(wèn)題便能迎刃而解。下面，筆者就關(guān)鍵詞在單項(xiàng)選擇試題中的重要作用加以舉例分析，以期對(duì)同學(xué)們的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。

1. I still remember the house ____ Mother and I sat in that evening.

A. where B. in which C. 不填 D. in that

分析：題干中的“in”一詞可視為關(guān)鍵詞。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)that evening前面不能加介詞，所以不能選A項(xiàng)。認(rèn)真分析in在定語(yǔ)從句的成分可知：in的賓語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是先行詞the house，故正確答案為C。

2. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but ____ didnt help.

A. it B. she C. which D. he

分析：這里關(guān)鍵詞“but”連接的是并列句，說(shuō)明句與句之間為并列關(guān)系，既然不存在從屬關(guān)系，就不可選擇關(guān)系詞，故排除C；it指代整個(gè)句子，常和并列連詞and/but等連用。答案為A。

3. Which do you enjoy ____ your weekends, fishing or watching TV?

A. spending B. to spend C. being spent D. spend

分析：題中的“which”一詞為關(guān)鍵詞?？忌艉雎粤艘蓡?wèn)詞which就會(huì)誤選A項(xiàng)。顯然，enjoy的賓語(yǔ)是which(fishing or watching TV)，動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to spend your weekends作目的狀語(yǔ)，因此正確答案為B。

4. The price ____, but I doubt whether it will remain so.

A. went down B. will go down

C. has gone down D. was going down

分析：該題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由關(guān)鍵信息“remain so”（保持如此）可知“物價(jià)已經(jīng)降了下來(lái)，只是今后怎樣還不知道”，所以應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。正確答案為C。

5. ____ and Ill get the work finished.

A. Have one more hour B. One more hour

C. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour

分析：該題中的“and”為關(guān)鍵詞。若將題干中and刪除，選項(xiàng)C、D也可入選；若 have改為give則A項(xiàng)亦對(duì)。正確答案為B。One more hour and Ill get the work finished.相當(dāng)于祈使句Give me one more hour and Ill get the work finished.

6. ——Are the new rules working?

——Yes. ____ books are stolen.

A. Few B. More C. Some D. None

分析：答語(yǔ)中的“Yes”一詞提供了關(guān)鍵信息（后面省去了they are），表明“新的規(guī)章制度正在實(shí)行”，因此排除B、C項(xiàng)；D項(xiàng)應(yīng)使用“none+of”結(jié)構(gòu)。正確答案為A。

7. ____ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once

every month.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

分析：標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)在一個(gè)句子中是很不引人注意的，但它的作用有時(shí)卻相當(dāng)大。該題干中的“，”可視為關(guān)鍵信息，正確答案為B。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。但如果把逗號(hào)改為that，則選A項(xiàng)，這時(shí)為that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。

8. ____ some of the juice—perhaps youll like it.

A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Having tried

分析：該題解題的關(guān)鍵信息為“—”，它的作用在此處相當(dāng)于and(連接表示條件與結(jié)果的句子)。故正確答案為B。若忽視了破折號(hào)的作用，考生極易誤選A、C項(xiàng)。

9. Why dont you put the meat in the fridge? It will ____ fresh for several days.

A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed

分析：題干中的fresh一詞可視為關(guān)鍵詞。后面能接形容詞的動(dòng)詞只有系動(dòng)詞，而系動(dòng)詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)，也沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故A、C排除；而D項(xiàng)will have stayed為完成時(shí)，明顯不符合題意。答案為B。

10. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ____ with each other.

A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled

C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled

分析：題中的never一詞為關(guān)鍵詞。否定詞提前要引起主謂部分倒裝，則A、B排除；而D項(xiàng)中的過(guò)去完成時(shí)明顯與上文時(shí)態(tài)不符。答案為C。

由此可見(jiàn)，做題時(shí)一定要仔細(xì)觀察、分析整個(gè)句子，找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵信息，排除干擾因素，才能準(zhǔn)確地找到解題的突破口。