戴更生
一、教學(xué)實踐背景
《義務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2022年版)》(以下簡稱“新課標(biāo)”)指出,將社會主義先進(jìn)文化、革命文化、中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化、國家安全、生命安全與健康等重大主題教育有機融入課程,增強課程思政性。基于此,英語教師在寫作教學(xué)中注重學(xué)生語言學(xué)習(xí)與文化意識培養(yǎng)的統(tǒng)一,既是富有創(chuàng)新的教學(xué)嘗試,也是落實立德樹人根本任務(wù)、推進(jìn)傳統(tǒng)文化教育的生動實踐。
二、教學(xué)實踐目標(biāo)
八年級英語上冊第三單元的主題是A day out,Welcome to the unit部分是外國景點的介紹、同伴交流假日計劃,Reading部分是旅游信件閱讀,通過這兩個板塊為學(xué)生展示了有關(guān)旅行的表達(dá)方式和內(nèi)容。本課Main task板塊是學(xué)生先通過小組討論,然后寫一封信,邀請朋友一起旅游?;谛抡n標(biāo),本次主題寫作實踐從教學(xué)目標(biāo)上可以分層次地設(shè)計:一是讓學(xué)生學(xué)會選擇、組織并呈現(xiàn)信息;二是讓學(xué)生學(xué)會識別歸納關(guān)鍵信息,制訂一個外出旅游計劃;三是讓學(xué)生寫一封英文信,邀請朋友一起旅游。
三、教學(xué)實踐過程
(一)寫作前
1.精心設(shè)計,自然導(dǎo)入
T: Last weekend, I visited some places of interest in Yangzhou and took some pictures, would you like to show them to you?
設(shè)計意圖:讓學(xué)生欣賞家鄉(xiāng)的美景,感受地方文化,體驗家鄉(xiāng)之美。
T: Now, it is your turn to tell me some places of interest in Yangzhou, How and when can you go there and what did you do there?
設(shè)計意圖:通過身邊的景色和游覽經(jīng)歷激發(fā)學(xué)生英語表達(dá)的熱情,自然引入本次寫作主題。
2.有效輸入,模仿表達(dá)
T: (1)Play a clip of video to arouse the students’ interest and get the students to know about some places of interest in Beijing. (2)Get the students to answer some questions after watching the videos. (3)Elicit the following information by asking how we can finish watching all these places within a day.
Ss: (1)Watch a clip of video. (2)Answer some questions.(3)Talk with the teacher.
設(shè)計意圖:通過回答相關(guān)問題、和老師交流,適時引出本課主題,使學(xué)生自然進(jìn)入“我會寫,我能寫”的狀態(tài)。
3.組織思路,把握框架
T: (1)Get the students to look through the plan and find out how many parts the plan covers. (2)Write“Time”“Place”“Activity” on the blackboard. (3)Ask the students six more questions about the plan.
Ss: (1)Look at the plan carefully. (2)Find out how many parts the plan covers. (3)Answer six more questions to learn some details about the plan.
設(shè)計意圖:通過引導(dǎo)學(xué)生觀察出游計劃,讓學(xué)生準(zhǔn)確把握旅游的思路和框架內(nèi)容。
4.完成文本,了解篇章
T: Kitty and Daniel hope that their classmates will also join them, so they are writing a letter to invite them, but they haven't completed it. Let’s help them finish the letter in Part C on page54, according to their plan.
Ss: Finish the letter in Part C.
T: Let’s look at the letter and talk about the eight parts of it.
Ss: They are the purpose of this letter, the name of receiver, the date, plan, cost, instructions, closing and signature.
設(shè)計意圖:為學(xué)生最終完成自己的邀請信引路搭橋,基本完成寫作前的文化了解和情景設(shè)計任務(wù)。
(二)寫作中
1.播放大運河博物館短視頻
設(shè)計意圖:通過播放家鄉(xiāng)景點——大運河博物館的短視頻以及聽力配音,選擇合適的圖片來吸引學(xué)生的注意力,為接下來制訂出游計劃做準(zhǔn)備。
2.小組交流
設(shè)計意圖:在小組合作交流中發(fā)揮學(xué)生的主體作用,進(jìn)一步完善他們的計劃,為接下來的定稿打下基礎(chǔ)。
3.形成初稿
T: Now put the paragraphs of your group in regular order and try to write aninvitation letter. The following words, expressions and structures will help you.
設(shè)計意圖:給出學(xué)生表達(dá)的連接詞,提高學(xué)生寫作的結(jié)構(gòu)意識,使寫作條理更清晰、更有層次感。
(三)寫作后
1.修改階段
T: (1)Get students to mark each other’s letters according to making criterion.(2)Encourage students to read out the letters on the screen.
Ss:(1)Help each other. (2)Read out the letters. (3)Mark each other’s letters and also tell the reasons. (4)Show their compositions on the screen.
設(shè)計意圖:教師進(jìn)行示范評價,讓學(xué)生對照評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),引導(dǎo)學(xué)生互評,在互評中共同提高。
2.展示階段,再次修改
T: Now look at the computer. I will show you how I mark our compositions.
設(shè)計意圖:教師進(jìn)行示范性評改。
T: OK. Now please correct your errors in your compositions by yourself.
設(shè)計意圖:教師示范修改作文,引領(lǐng)學(xué)生進(jìn)一步完善寫作內(nèi)容。
四、教學(xué)實踐策略
(一)精心設(shè)計。在譯林版初中英語教材中,涉及地方傳統(tǒng)文化的內(nèi)容不多,這就需要教師補充與其相關(guān)的圖片、文本資料和視頻,以激發(fā)學(xué)生對地方傳統(tǒng)文化的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。
(二)有效提問。教師應(yīng)針對不同類型的寫作話題設(shè)計不同的提問環(huán)節(jié),交流的話題應(yīng)該適時融入地方傳統(tǒng)文化內(nèi)容。
(三)創(chuàng)設(shè)情境。教師需要積極創(chuàng)設(shè)貼近學(xué)生生活的情境,引導(dǎo)寫作話題與學(xué)生身邊活動、當(dāng)?shù)匚幕嘟Y(jié)合,實現(xiàn)知識的有效遷移。