冼淑儀

[摘要] 目的 探析預(yù)見性護(hù)理應(yīng)用于經(jīng)皮椎體成形術(shù)治療胸腰椎體壓縮性骨折患者中的效果。方法 方便選取2018年1月—2019年1月在該院行經(jīng)皮椎體成形術(shù)治療的80例胸腰椎體壓縮性骨折患者，按不同的護(hù)理方法分為兩組，每組40例。觀察對(duì)比兩組術(shù)后不同階段VAS評(píng)分、并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率及患者滿意度。 結(jié)果 觀察組VAS評(píng)分低于對(duì)照組（P<0.05）;觀察組并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率為7.50%，低于對(duì)照組的25.00%（χ2=4.501，P<0.05）;觀察組總滿意度高于對(duì)照組（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 經(jīng)皮椎體成形術(shù)治療胸腰椎體壓縮性骨折患者應(yīng)用預(yù)見性護(hù)理效果顯著，可有效緩解患者疼痛程度，提高生活質(zhì)量，降低并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率，提升滿意度。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 預(yù)防性護(hù)理;經(jīng)皮椎體成形術(shù);胸腰椎體壓縮性骨折;價(jià)值

[中圖分類號(hào)] R473.6? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號(hào)] 1674-0742（2020）07（c）-0181-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of predictive nursing applied in patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures treated by percutaneous vertebroplasty. Methods From January 2018 to January 2019， 80 patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures who were treated by percutaneous vertebroplasty in the hospital were convenienty selected and divided into two groups according to different nursing methods， 40 cases in each group. Observation and comparison of the VAS score， complication rate and patient satisfaction at different stages after operation between the two groups. Results The VAS score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group（P<0.05）; the incidence of complications in the observation group was 7.50%， lower than 25.00% of the control group（χ2=4.501， P<0.05）; the total satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Percutaneous vertebroplasty for patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures has significant effect of predictive nursing， which can effectively relieve patients' pain， improve quality of life， reduce the incidence of complications， and increase satisfaction.

[Key words] Preventive care; Percutaneous vertebroplasty; Thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture; Value

胸腰椎體壓縮性骨折是指椎體縱向被“壓扁”的脊柱骨折，是脊柱骨折中常見類型，好發(fā)于第11、12胸椎和第1、2腰椎，患病人群為老年人居多[1]。該疾病發(fā)生原因主要為間接暴力、肌肉拉力和直接暴力等，臨床上通常采用手術(shù)進(jìn)行治療。隨著醫(yī)療技術(shù)的不斷成熟，經(jīng)皮椎體成形術(shù)由于具有創(chuàng)傷小、安全性高和術(shù)后恢復(fù)快等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，已在臨床上得到廣泛應(yīng)用[2]。有研究表明，在采用經(jīng)皮椎體成形術(shù)時(shí)輔助有效額度護(hù)理方法可有效降低患者并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率，緩解其疼痛程度，進(jìn)而起到改善預(yù)后的效果，提高患者生活質(zhì)量[3]。2018年1月—2019年1月該文就預(yù)見性護(hù)理應(yīng)用于40例經(jīng)皮椎體成形術(shù)治療胸腰椎體壓縮性骨折患者中的效果做出研究，報(bào)道如下。

1? 資料與方法

1.1? 一般資料

方便選取在該院就診的80例經(jīng)皮椎體成形術(shù)治療胸腰椎體壓縮性骨折患者，按不同的護(hù)理方法將其分為兩組，每組40例。對(duì)照組，女15例，男25例;年齡55～85歲，平均（67.35±3.32）歲;10例腰椎體壓縮性骨折，10例胸椎體壓縮性骨折，8例骨質(zhì)疏松癥，12例外傷性壓縮。觀察組，女16例，男24例;年齡55～87歲，平均（67.84±3.71）歲;9例腰椎體壓縮性骨折，10例胸椎體壓縮性骨折，9例骨質(zhì)疏松癥，12例外傷性壓縮。兩組的一般資料比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05），有可比性。

1.2? 納入及排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：該次研究已經(jīng)過醫(yī)院倫理委員會(huì)同意，患者及家屬已自愿簽署同意書;所選取患者均符合胸腰椎體壓縮性骨折相關(guān)診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[4]。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：合并嚴(yán)重心、腎、肝等器質(zhì)性骨折者;意識(shí)不清或精神異常者;凝血功能障礙者;不配合該次研究者。