李廣洲 陳琴蘭
在江蘇高考的單項填空題中,最近5年副詞性從句各有一題;有些學(xué)生每次都混淆even if、as if、as soon as、as long as等連接詞,其實副詞性從句很簡單,只要熟悉90多個連接詞的含義,了解句意即可,直接印證維果斯基的“最近發(fā)展區(qū)理論”。
1. 熟悉副詞性從句的連接詞
時間狀語從句:when, while, as, before, after, until, till, as soon as, the moment, the instant, the minute, immediately, instantly, directly, the (first, last) time, by the time, each time, every time, next time, any time, hardly...when..., no sooner...than..., scarcely...when..., barely...when..., since, ever since, once等。
條件狀語從句:if, as long as, so long as, in case, on condition that, suppose that, supposing that, providing that, provided that, given that, assuming that, once, unless, so far as, as far as等。
讓步狀語從句:though, although, while, as, even if, even though, whether...or..., whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter what, no matter which, no matter who, no matter whom, no matter whose, no matter when, no matter where, no matter how等。
原因狀語從句:because, as, since, now that, seeing that, considering that, for the reason that, in that等。
地點狀語從句:where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere, nowhere等。
目的狀語從句:so that, in order that, for the purpose that, lest, in case, for fear that等。
結(jié)果狀語從句:so that, so...that..., such...that...等。
比較狀語從句:as...as..., not as...as..., not so...as..., than, the more...the more等。
方式狀語從句:as, the way, as if, as though等。
2. 近5年江蘇高考副詞性從句
2015-26. It is so cold that you cant go outside___________fully covered in thick clothes.
A. if? ? B. unless? C. once? ? D. when
解析:答案是unless。含條件狀語從句,unless譯為“除非”,譯為:天太冷了,你不能出去,除非全身穿厚衣服。
2016-26.___________some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.
A. Because B. If? ? C. Unless? ?D. While
解析:答案是While。含讓步狀語從句,While譯為“盡管”,譯為:盡管有些人被成功的需要所激勵,其他人是被害怕失敗所激勵的。
2017-23. Located___________the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
A. why? ? B. when? ? C. which D. where
解析:答案是where。含地點狀語從句,where譯為“在……的地方”,譯為:江蘇,坐落于一帶和一路交叉處,將繼續(xù)為一帶一路建設(shè)作更多貢獻。
2018-29.___________you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
A. Once? ? B. Unless? ?C. If? ? ? D. When
解析:答案是Unless。含讓步狀語從句,Unless譯為“除非”,譯為:除非你能好好睡覺,否則一兩夜之后你就無法集中注意力、做計劃、以及保持有動力。
2019-23. The doctor shares his phone number with the patients___________they need medical assistance.
A. if only B. as if
C. even though? ? D. in case
解析:答案是in case。含條件狀語從句,正確選項為in case,譯為“萬一”;if only“但愿”;as if“彷佛”;even though“即使”。譯為:醫(yī)生把號碼告訴了病人,防止病人萬一需要醫(yī)療幫助。
(作者單位:1. 江蘇省儀征市第二中學(xué)2. 江蘇儀征技師學(xué)院)