李璇潘 李芬

【摘要】 目的：分析口腔護理聯(lián)合飲食干預(yù)對口腔潰瘍患者的效果。方法：選取2016年2月-2018年2月本院口腔科門診治療的110例口腔潰瘍患者為研究對象，按照隨機數(shù)字表法將其分為對照組和觀察組，各55例。對照組采用常規(guī)口腔護理措予以干預(yù)，觀察組在對照組基礎(chǔ)上加用飲食干預(yù)，干預(yù)時間均為2周。比較兩組干預(yù)效果、疼痛消失時間、口腔潰瘍愈合時間及恢復(fù)進食時間，比較兩組干預(yù)前后口腔疼痛、軀體及心理健康水平評分。結(jié)果：觀察組總有效率為89.09%，高于對照組的67.27%（P<0.05）;觀察組疼痛消失時間、口腔潰瘍愈合時間及恢復(fù)進食時間均少于對照組（P<0.05）;干預(yù)后，兩組口腔疼痛評分均低于干預(yù)前，軀體及心理健康水平評分均高于干預(yù)前，且觀察組均優(yōu)于對照組，差異均有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論：口腔護理聯(lián)合飲食干預(yù)可明顯提高口腔潰瘍患者臨床療效，促進病情盡快康復(fù)，緩解口腔疼痛嚴(yán)重程度和改善患者身心健康。

【關(guān)鍵詞】 口腔護理; 飲食干預(yù); 口腔潰瘍

【Abstract】 Objective：To analyze the effect of oral nursing combined with dietary intervention on patients with oral ulcer.Method：A total of 110 patients with oral ulcer treated in the outpatient department of Stomatology of our hospital from February 2016 to February 2018 were selected as the research objects.According to the random number table method，they were divided into control group and observation group，55 cases in each group.The control group was intervened by routine oral nursing measures，while the observation group was intervened by diet on the basis of control group，the intervening time was 2 weeks.The intervention effect，pain disappearance time，healing time of oral ulcer and recovery eating time between two groups were compared，the scores of oral pain，body and mental health before and after intervention between two groups were compared.Result：The total effective rate of observation group was 89.09%，higher than 67.27% of control group（P<0.05）.The pain disappearance time，healing time of oral ulcer and recovery eating time in observation group were less than those of control group（P<0.05）.After intervention，the scores of oral pain in both groups were lower than those of before intervention，the scores of physical and mental health were higher than those of before intervention，and observation group were better than those of control group，the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion：Oral nursing combined with dietary intervention can significantly improve the clinical efficacy of patients with oral ulcer，promote the recovery of the disease as soon as possible，alleviate the severity of oral pain and improve the physical and mental health of patients.

【Key words】 Oral nursing; Dietary intervention; Oral ulcer

First-authors address：Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology，Wuhan 430060，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2019.08.028

口腔潰瘍是一種淺表性口腔黏膜組織潰瘍性疾病，也是發(fā)生率較高的口腔疾病，發(fā)病部位主要在口舌邊緣、嘴唇內(nèi)側(cè)緣以及臉頰黏膜組織等部位，潰瘍大小從米粒大到黃豆大不等，嚴(yán)重者可滿布整個口腔黏膜，呈圓形或橢圓形表現(xiàn)[1]?；颊哌M食時可出現(xiàn)劇烈疼痛不適，病情嚴(yán)重者可伴隨有頸部淋巴結(jié)腫大、急慢性咽炎、惡心、煩躁不安及發(fā)熱等并發(fā)癥，對患者生活質(zhì)量可造成明顯的影響[2]。此疾病發(fā)病機制尚未研究清楚，多數(shù)研究認(rèn)為與患者自身免疫系統(tǒng)功能、日常飲食習(xí)慣之間存在密切的聯(lián)系[3]。目前臨床上主要采取中西藥內(nèi)服外敷方法治療，雖然短期內(nèi)能取得較好的治療效果，但長期效果欠佳，疾病復(fù)發(fā)率較高，因此在采取針對性治療、口腔護理的同時還需加強飲食干預(yù)[4]。本研究擬分析口腔護理聯(lián)合飲食干預(yù)對口腔潰瘍患者的效果。現(xiàn)報道如下。