初陽(yáng),孫剛(遼寧中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院麻醉科,沈陽(yáng)110032)
不同劑量納布啡聯(lián)合丙泊酚對(duì)宮腔鏡手術(shù)患者麻醉和鎮(zhèn)痛效果的影響
初陽(yáng)*,孫剛#(遼寧中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院麻醉科,沈陽(yáng)110032)
目的:探討不同劑量納布啡聯(lián)合丙泊酚對(duì)宮腔鏡手術(shù)患者麻醉和鎮(zhèn)痛效果的影響。方法:選取2016年2-11月擬行無(wú)痛宮腔鏡手術(shù)的住院患者120例作為研究對(duì)象,采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為P、N1、N2、N3組,各30例。4組患者均進(jìn)行常規(guī)的術(shù)前準(zhǔn)備,N1、N2和N3組患者分別于1~2 min內(nèi)緩慢給予鹽酸納布啡注射液0.05、0.10、0.15 mg/kg,iv;注射3 min后,4組患者均給予2%鹽酸利多卡因注射液2 mL,iv+丙泊酚注射液1 mg/kg,iv(40 mg/10 s),再緩慢推注(10 mg/10 s)丙泊酚注射液至患者睫毛反射消失、呼之無(wú)應(yīng)答;術(shù)中丙泊酚注射液均以6 mg/(kg·h)的速度經(jīng)微泵輸注維持麻醉至手術(shù)結(jié)束。觀察入室時(shí)(T0)、丙泊酚推注前(T1)、丙泊酚推注完畢即刻(T2)、擴(kuò)宮頸時(shí)(T3)、手術(shù)結(jié)束時(shí)(T4)和麻醉蘇醒時(shí)(T5)4組患者的血流動(dòng)力學(xué)指標(biāo)[收縮壓(SBP)、舒張壓(DBP)、心率(HR)]和血氧飽和度(SpO2)水平,以及丙泊酚誘導(dǎo)劑量、維持劑量、總劑量、總給藥時(shí)間、單位時(shí)間劑量和患者麻醉蘇醒時(shí)間和麻醉蘇醒時(shí)數(shù)字疼痛分級(jí)法(NRS)評(píng)分,并記錄術(shù)中及麻醉恢復(fù)期的不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況。結(jié)果:4組患者丙泊酚維持劑量、總給藥時(shí)間及體動(dòng)反應(yīng)、低血壓、竇性心動(dòng)過(guò)緩和惡心嘔吐的發(fā)生率比較,差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。T0時(shí),4組患者血
流動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)及SpO2比較,差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P>0.05)。與T0時(shí)比較,4組患者SBP在T2時(shí)顯著降低,N1組在T3、T4時(shí)顯著降低,N2組在T3時(shí)顯著降低,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);4組患者DBP在T2時(shí)顯著降低,N1組在T3~T5時(shí)顯著降低,N2組在T3時(shí)顯著降低,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);P組患者在T3時(shí)HR顯著降低,N3組在T5時(shí)顯著降低,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);4組患者SpO2在T2時(shí)顯著降低,N3組在T3時(shí)顯著降低,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);N3組患者T1時(shí)SpO2顯著低于P組,在T2時(shí)顯著低于其余各組,在T3時(shí)顯著低于P組和N1組,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。與P組比較,N2、N3組患者丙泊酚誘導(dǎo)劑量、總劑量、單位時(shí)間劑量及NRS評(píng)分均顯著降低;N1、N2和N3組麻醉蘇醒時(shí)間均顯著縮短,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。與N1組比較,N2、N3組丙泊酚誘導(dǎo)劑量、總劑量、單位時(shí)間劑量和NRS評(píng)分均顯著降低,麻醉蘇醒時(shí)間顯著縮短,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。與N2組比較,N3組丙泊酚誘導(dǎo)劑量、總劑量均顯著降低,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。與P組比較,N3組患者頭暈發(fā)生率顯著增加;與P、N1和N2組比較,N3組患者低氧血癥發(fā)生率顯著增加,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:0.10 mg/kg的納布啡聯(lián)合丙泊酚用于宮腔鏡手術(shù)既能達(dá)到良好的麻醉和鎮(zhèn)痛效果,又具有較高的安全性。
納布啡;丙泊酚;宮腔鏡手術(shù);麻醉;鎮(zhèn)痛
宮腔鏡是一項(xiàng)婦科診療微創(chuàng)技術(shù),可用于診斷、治療和隨訪子宮腔內(nèi)病變,因該項(xiàng)目操作過(guò)程需要擴(kuò)張并牽拉宮頸、膨脹宮腔引起疼痛,從而使患者不耐受導(dǎo)致檢查中斷。丙泊酚作為宮腔鏡手術(shù)常用的靜脈鎮(zhèn)靜藥,具有起效快、持續(xù)時(shí)間短、蘇醒平穩(wěn)快速等優(yōu)點(diǎn),但鎮(zhèn)痛作用較弱,常需與其他鎮(zhèn)痛藥物聯(lián)用。納布啡是一種激動(dòng)-拮抗型嗎啡類藥物,其鎮(zhèn)痛活性強(qiáng)、呼吸抑制作用弱、血液動(dòng)力學(xué)指標(biāo)平穩(wěn)、成癮性極低,逐漸成為臨床常用的鎮(zhèn)痛藥物[1]。研究顯示,內(nèi)臟痛的主要發(fā)生機(jī)制與κ受體有關(guān)[2]。因此,具有κ受體激動(dòng)作用的鎮(zhèn)痛藥物(如納布啡)可納入相關(guān)的鎮(zhèn)痛方案之中,該類藥物用于宮腔鏡手術(shù)具有一定的抑制內(nèi)臟痛的優(yōu)勢(shì),但尚未見相關(guān)的研究報(bào)道。鑒于此,本研究擬探討不同劑量納布啡聯(lián)合丙泊酚對(duì)宮腔鏡手術(shù)患者麻醉和鎮(zhèn)痛效果的影響,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)符合《宮腔鏡診斷和操作技術(shù)》中行宮腔鏡手術(shù)指征[3];(2)年齡35~55歲;(3)體質(zhì)量45~70 kg,體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI)17.0~27.0 kg/m2;(4)美國(guó)麻醉醫(yī)師協(xié)會(huì)(ASA)分級(jí)Ⅰ~Ⅱ級(jí);(5)患者知情同意并簽署知情同意書。
排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)心、肺疾病患者;(2)嚴(yán)重的肝/腎功能不全者;(3)對(duì)本研究藥物過(guò)敏者;(4)存在鎮(zhèn)痛藥或酒精濫用史者;(5)長(zhǎng)期服用阿片類藥物者;(6)存在精神性疾病或心血管疾病史者;(7)手術(shù)前晚失眠或過(guò)度緊張者。
本研究經(jīng)醫(yī)院醫(yī)學(xué)倫理委員會(huì)審核批準(zhǔn)后,選取2016年2-11月擬行無(wú)痛宮腔鏡手術(shù)的住院患者120例作為研究對(duì)象,采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為P、N1、N2、N3組,各30例。4組患者的年齡、ASA分級(jí)、體質(zhì)量、BMI和手術(shù)時(shí)間等一般資料比較,差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),具有可比性,詳見表1。
表1 4組患者一般資料比較(n=30)Tab 1 Comparison of general information of patients among 4 groups(n=30)
4組患者均進(jìn)行常規(guī)的術(shù)前準(zhǔn)備:行數(shù)字疼痛分級(jí)法(NRS)評(píng)分宣教和開放右上肢靜脈通路;入室后監(jiān)測(cè)血流動(dòng)力學(xué)指標(biāo)[收縮壓(SBP)、舒張壓(DBP)、心率(HR)]和血氧飽和度(SpO2);取截石位,手術(shù)過(guò)程中持續(xù)給氧,流量為3 L/min。采用雙盲法給藥,P組患者給予0.9%氯化鈉注射液0.15 mL/kg,iv;N1、N2、N3組患者分別于1~2 min內(nèi)緩慢給予鹽酸納布啡注射液(宜昌人福藥業(yè)有限責(zé)任公司,批準(zhǔn)文號(hào):國(guó)藥準(zhǔn)字H20130127,規(guī)格:2 mL∶20 mg)0.05、0.10、0.15 mg/kg,iv(均以0.9%氯化鈉注射液稀釋至0.15 mL/kg)。注射3 min后,4組患者均給予2%鹽酸利多卡因注射液2 mL,iv+丙泊酚注射液(英國(guó)Astra Zeneca UK Limited,注冊(cè)證號(hào):國(guó)藥準(zhǔn)字J20130163,規(guī)格:20 mL∶200 mg)1 mg/kg,iv(40 mg/10 s),再緩慢推注(10 mg/10 s)丙泊酚注射液至患者睫毛反射消失、呼之無(wú)應(yīng)答后實(shí)施宮腔鏡手術(shù)。術(shù)中丙泊酚注射液均以6 mg/(kg·h)的速度經(jīng)微泵輸注維持麻醉至手術(shù)結(jié)束。若術(shù)中患者出現(xiàn)體動(dòng)反應(yīng)或?qū)ρ哉Z(yǔ)刺激有反應(yīng)時(shí),即刻追加丙泊酚注射液0.5 mg/kg;若效果欠佳,則再次追加丙泊酚注射液0.5 mg/kg。若術(shù)中患者HR<50次/min時(shí),給予硫酸阿托品注射液0.005~0.01 mg/kg,iv;若SBP<80 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)時(shí),加快丙泊酚注射液輸注速度或給予鹽酸麻黃堿注射液0.1~0.2 mg/kg,iv;若SpO2<95%時(shí),托下頜,若SpO2水平無(wú)改善或持續(xù)下降,給予面罩加壓輔助通氣。
(1)分別于入室時(shí)(T0)、丙泊酚推注前(T1)、丙泊酚推注完畢即刻(T2)、擴(kuò)宮頸時(shí)(T3)、手術(shù)結(jié)束時(shí)(T4)和麻醉蘇醒時(shí)(T5)觀察4組患者的血流動(dòng)力學(xué)指標(biāo)(SBP、DBP、HR)和SpO2水平。(2)觀察4組患者丙泊酚誘導(dǎo)劑量、維持劑量、總劑量、總給藥時(shí)間(丙泊酚開始推注至停止微泵輸注的時(shí)間)、單位時(shí)間劑量(丙泊酚總劑量與總給藥時(shí)間之比)、麻醉蘇醒時(shí)間(退出宮腔鏡至患者能自主睜眼的時(shí)間)和T5時(shí)點(diǎn)的NRS評(píng)分(用0~10代表不同程度的疼痛,0為無(wú)痛,10為劇痛)。(3)記錄4組患者術(shù)中及麻醉恢復(fù)期的不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況。術(shù)中的不良反應(yīng)主要為體動(dòng)反應(yīng)、低血壓(SBP<80 mmHg)、竇性心動(dòng)過(guò)緩(HR<60次/min)和低氧血癥(SpO2<95%);麻醉恢復(fù)期的不良反應(yīng)主要為頭暈及惡心嘔吐等[3]。
采用SPSS 18.0軟件對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。正態(tài)分布的計(jì)量資料以x±s表示,組間比較采用單因素方差分析,重復(fù)測(cè)量資料比較采用重復(fù)測(cè)量設(shè)計(jì)的方差分析;計(jì)數(shù)資料以例數(shù)或率表示,組間比較采用χ2檢驗(yàn)。P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
T0時(shí),4組患者的血流動(dòng)力學(xué)指標(biāo)和SpO2水平比較,差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。與T0時(shí)比較,4組患者SBP在T2時(shí)顯著降低,N1組患者在T3~T4時(shí)顯著降低,N2組在T3時(shí)顯著降低,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);4組患者DBP在T2時(shí)顯著降低,N1組患者在T3~T5時(shí)顯著降低,N2組在T3時(shí)顯著降低,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);P組患者HR在T3時(shí)顯著降低,N3組患者在T5時(shí)顯著降低,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);4組患者SpO2在T2時(shí)顯著降低,N3組在T3時(shí)顯著降低,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);N3組患者SpO2在T1時(shí)顯著低于P組,在T2時(shí)顯著低于其余各組,在T3時(shí)顯著低于P組和N1組,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),詳見表2。
表2 4組患者不同時(shí)點(diǎn)血流動(dòng)力學(xué)指標(biāo)和SpO2水平比較(x±s,n=30)Tab 2Comparison of hemodynamic parameters and SpO2levels among 4 groups at different time points(x±s,n=30)
4組患者丙泊酚維持劑量及總給藥時(shí)間比較,差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。與P組比較,N2、N3組患者丙泊酚誘導(dǎo)劑量、總劑量、單位時(shí)間劑量和NRS評(píng)分均顯著降低,N1、N2和N3組患者麻醉蘇醒時(shí)間均顯著縮短,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。與N1組比較,N2、N3組患者丙泊酚誘導(dǎo)劑量、總劑量、單位時(shí)間劑量和NRS評(píng)分均顯著降低,麻醉蘇醒時(shí)間顯著縮短,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。與N2組比較,N3組患者丙泊酚誘導(dǎo)劑量、總劑量均顯著降低,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),詳見表3。
表3 4組患者丙泊酚用量及用藥時(shí)間、麻醉蘇醒時(shí)間和NRS評(píng)分的比較(x±s,n=30)Tab 3 Comparison of the amount,medication duration of propofol,anesthesia recovery time and NRS scores among 4 groups(x±s,n=30)
4組患者術(shù)中體動(dòng)反應(yīng)、低血壓、竇性心動(dòng)過(guò)緩及麻醉恢復(fù)期惡心嘔吐的發(fā)生率比較,差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。與P組比較,N3組患者頭暈的發(fā)生率顯著增加;與P、N1和N2組比較,N3組患者低氧血癥的發(fā)生率顯著增加,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),詳見表4。
宮腔鏡手術(shù)是診斷和治療宮腔疾病的一種重要方法,但患者耐受性差,臨床常采用丙泊酚單用或聯(lián)合純?chǔ)淌荏w激動(dòng)藥(如芬太尼和舒芬太尼等)進(jìn)行麻醉。丙泊酚的鎮(zhèn)痛作用較弱,而芬太尼和舒芬太尼等阿片類藥物易引起呼吸抑制、惡心嘔吐及蘇醒延長(zhǎng)等不良反應(yīng)[4]。因此,如何在宮腔鏡手術(shù)中維持患者呼吸功能平穩(wěn)并降低不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率,一直是麻醉醫(yī)師在無(wú)痛宮腔鏡手術(shù)中面臨的難點(diǎn)之一[4]。
表4 4組患者術(shù)中及麻醉恢復(fù)期不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況比較[n=30,例(%%)]Tab 4 Comparison of the occurrence of ADR among 4 groups during surgery and anesthesia recovery period[n=30,case(%%)]
納布啡是一種經(jīng)典的阿片受體激動(dòng)-拮抗藥,既是κ受體激動(dòng)藥,也是μ受體拮抗藥,具有激動(dòng)-拮抗雙效作用和較好的鎮(zhèn)痛效果,尤其對(duì)內(nèi)臟痛具有獨(dú)特的療效,且不良反應(yīng)較少,呼吸抑制發(fā)生率較低,具有“封頂效應(yīng)”,且鮮見累及心血管系統(tǒng)的不良反應(yīng)[5-6]。納布啡靜脈注射起效較快,約為2~3 min,臨床主要用于各種中、重度疼痛的鎮(zhèn)痛治療,在國(guó)外已得到廣泛的臨床應(yīng)用[7]。在我國(guó),納布啡作為新型鎮(zhèn)痛藥物,其臨床給藥經(jīng)驗(yàn)尚顯不足。本研究給予宮腔鏡手術(shù)患者靜脈注射不同劑量的納布啡,以期探討納布啡聯(lián)合丙泊酚應(yīng)用時(shí)的合理劑量。芬太尼的臨床常用麻醉誘導(dǎo)劑量為1 μg/kg,則納布啡的等效劑量為0.10 mg/kg[8]。故本研究探討了等效劑量0.10 mg/kg、低劑量0.05 mg/kg和高劑量0.15 mg/kg這3種不同劑量納布啡聯(lián)合丙泊酚對(duì)各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)的影響。
本研究結(jié)果顯示,N2、N3組丙泊酚誘導(dǎo)/總/單位時(shí)間劑量減少、蘇醒時(shí)間顯著縮短,可能與納布啡的κ受體激動(dòng)作用有關(guān)。丙泊酚以鎮(zhèn)靜作用為主,鎮(zhèn)痛作用弱,聯(lián)合納布啡可增強(qiáng)鎮(zhèn)痛效果、減少丙泊酚劑量,從而縮短患者蘇醒時(shí)間。而N3組比N2組患者蘇醒時(shí)間延長(zhǎng),較N1組顯著縮短,考慮納布啡激動(dòng)κ受體亦可產(chǎn)生鎮(zhèn)靜作用。因此,臨床上納布啡最常見的不良反應(yīng)為鎮(zhèn)靜[9]。N2、N3組患者丙泊酚總劑量無(wú)明顯差異,故當(dāng)納布啡劑量≥0.10 mg/kg時(shí),隨劑量增加反而導(dǎo)致患者蘇醒時(shí)間延長(zhǎng),但N2、N3組蘇醒時(shí)間在本研究中的差異尚無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,這可能與本研究樣本量較小或納布啡劑量增幅偏小有關(guān)。研究顯示,納布啡可縮短產(chǎn)婦第一產(chǎn)程的活躍期,這與其麻醉性鎮(zhèn)痛作用有一定關(guān)聯(lián)[10]。本研究結(jié)果顯示,丙泊酚聯(lián)用納布啡0.10、0.15 mg/kg時(shí)術(shù)后NRS評(píng)分均顯著降低,表明隨納布啡給藥劑量的增加,納布啡對(duì)內(nèi)臟痛有良好的抑制作用。
本研究結(jié)果顯示,丙泊酚單用劑量為0.05 mg/kg時(shí)麻醉效果欠佳,患者術(shù)中體動(dòng)反應(yīng)較多;納布啡劑量為0.10 mg/kg時(shí),丙泊酚誘導(dǎo)劑量和總劑量均顯著減少,患者術(shù)后蘇醒時(shí)間縮短;納布啡劑量達(dá)0.15 mg/kg時(shí),患者術(shù)中低氧血癥的發(fā)生率顯著增加,這可能跟大劑量阿片類藥物有心肌抑制作用有關(guān)[11]。納布啡對(duì)κ受體呈激動(dòng)作用,而κ受體存在于中樞及外周神經(jīng)系統(tǒng),κ受體的激動(dòng)具有強(qiáng)效鎮(zhèn)痛效應(yīng)[12]。另外,納布啡對(duì)μ受體也有較強(qiáng)的拮抗作用,不具有阿片類鎮(zhèn)痛藥共有的不良反應(yīng)(如呼吸抑制、惡心嘔吐和藥物依賴等)。
本研究結(jié)果還顯示,與P組比較,N3組患者頭暈的發(fā)生率顯著增加;與P、N1和N2組比較,N3組患者低氧血癥的發(fā)生率顯著增加。納布啡使用劑量為0.15 mg/kg時(shí),其對(duì)手術(shù)患者的呼吸抑制作用可到達(dá)一個(gè)“封頂效應(yīng)”[6]。在本研究的預(yù)試驗(yàn)中,較大劑量的納布啡(0.15 mg/kg)可使低氧血癥的發(fā)生率達(dá)90%,且SpO2下降速度快、幅度大,多需進(jìn)行面罩加壓給氧才可使SpO2恢復(fù)正常,存在一定的麻醉風(fēng)險(xiǎn),故正式研究時(shí)采用面罩給氧3 L/min。本研究在納布啡聯(lián)用組中觀察到術(shù)后發(fā)生頭暈的不良反應(yīng),目前尚無(wú)該現(xiàn)象的基礎(chǔ)研究,故其作用機(jī)制尚不清楚,推測(cè)可能與其作用于中樞κ受體有關(guān)。
綜上所述,0.10 mg/kg的納布啡聯(lián)合丙泊酚用于宮腔鏡手術(shù)既能達(dá)到良好的麻醉和鎮(zhèn)痛效果,又具有較高的安全性。但由于本研究為單中心、小樣本的研究,所得結(jié)論有待多中心、大樣本的前瞻性隨機(jī)對(duì)照研究的進(jìn)一步論證。
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Effects of Different Doses of Nalbuphine Combined with Propofol on Anesthesia and Analgesic Effect of Patients Underwent Hysteroscopic Surgery
CHU Yang,SUN Gang(Dept.of Anesthesiology,the Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of TCM,Shenyang 110032,China)
OBJECTIVE:To investigate effects of different doses of nalbuphine combined with propofol on anesthesia and analgesic effect of patients underwent hysteroscopic surgery.METHODS:A total of 120 inpatients undergoing painless hysteroscopic surgery were selected as research objects during Feb.-Nov.2016.They were divided into group P,N1,N2,N3 according to random number table,with 30 cases in each group.Routine preoperative preparation was conducted in 4 groups.Group N1,N2,N3 were given Nalbuphine hydrochloride injection 0.05,0.10,0.15 mg/kg slowly,iv,within 1-2 min.After 3 min of injection,4 groups were given 2%Lidocaine hydrochloride injection 2 mL,iv+Propofol injection 1 mg/kg,iv(40 mg/10 s),and then injected with Propofol injection(10 mg/10 s)slowly until the patient’s eyelash reflex disappeared and no response was aroused.During surgery,Propofol injection was infused with micro pump at 6 mg/(kg·h)to maintain anesthesia until the end of operation.The levels of hemodynamic parameters(SBP,DBP,HR)and SpO2of 4 groups were observed after admission to operating room(T0),before propofol infusion(T1),immediately after propofol infusion(T2),during uterine cervical distension(T3),at the end of surgery(T4)and during anesthesia recovery(T5),respectively.The induction dose,maintenance dose,total dose,total dosing time and unit time dose of propofol,anesthesia recovery time and NRS scores after anesthesia recovery of patients were also observed in 4 groups.The occurrence of ADR was recorded during operation and anesthesia recovery.RESULTS:There was no statistical significance in maintenance dose and total dosing time of propofol,the incidence of body motion reaction,hypotension,sinus bradycardia,nausea and vomiting among 4 groups(P>0.05).At T0,there was no statistical significance in hemodynamic parameters or SpO2among 4 groups(P>0.05).Compared to T0,SBP of 4 groups were decreased significantly at T2,that of group N1 was decreased significantly at T3-T4,and that of group N2 was decreased significantly at T3,with statistical significance(P<0.05).DBP of 4 groups were decreased significantly at T2,that of group N1 was decreased significantly at T3-T5,and that of group N2 was decreased significantly at T3,with statistical significance(P<0.05).HR of group P was decreased significantly at T3,and that of group N3 was decreased significantly at T5,with statistical significance(P<0.05).SpO2of 4 groups were decreased significantly at T2,and that of group N3 was decreased significantly at T3,with statistical significance(P<0.05).SpO2of group N3 at T1was significantly lower than that of group P;at T2,it was significantly lower than other groups;at T3,it was significantly lower than group P and N1,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Compared to group P,induction dose,total dose and unit time dose of propofol,NRS scores of patients were significantly decreased in group N2 and N3;the anesthesia recovery time of group N1,N2,N3 were shortened significantly,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Compared with group N1,induction dose,total dose and unit time dose of propofol,NRS scores were significantly decreased in group N2 and N3,and anesthesia recovery time of them were shortened significantly,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Compared to group N2,induction dose and total dose of propofol were decreased signigficantly in group N3,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Compared with group P,the incidence of dizziness was increased significantly in group N3;compared with group P,N1,N2,the incidence of hypoxemia was increased significantly in group N3,with statistical significance(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Nalbuphine 0.10 mg/kg combined with propofol for hysteroscopic surgery can achieve good anesthesia and analgesic effect with high safety.
Nalbuphine;Propofol;Hysteroscopic surgery;Anesthesia;Analgesic
R969.3
A
1001-0408(2017)35-4955-05
DOI10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2017.35.16
*主治醫(yī)師。研究方向:老年患者手術(shù)麻醉及術(shù)后鎮(zhèn)痛。電話:024-31961250。E-mail:waqs2015@163.com
#通信作者:主任醫(yī)師。研究方向:危重癥患者手術(shù)麻醉及術(shù)后恢復(fù)。電話:024-31961250。E-mail:sungang1978@126.com
2017-01-09
2017-05-23)
(編輯:陶婷婷)