劉鴻,李燕,盧彩蘭
(山西醫(yī)科大學第二醫(yī)院,山西 太原 030001)
N端B型腦鈉肽在膿毒癥診斷中的價值
劉鴻,李燕,盧彩蘭
(山西醫(yī)科大學第二醫(yī)院,山西 太原 030001)
目的:探討N端B型腦鈉肽(NT-proBNP)在膿毒癥診斷和預后評估中的價值。方法:選擇2013年4月—2014年3月收治的急性感染患者62 例,根據膿毒癥診斷標準將患者分為一般感染組(9 例)和膿毒癥組(53 例),再根據膿毒癥的嚴重程度將膿毒癥組分為膿毒癥組(23 例)、嚴重膿毒癥組(22 例)和膿毒性休克組(8 例)3 個亞組。于入院24 h內取靜脈血,檢測NT-proBNP水平,并進行急性生理學與慢性健康狀況評分系統(tǒng)Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)評分。采用單因素方差分析比較各組NT-proBNP水平與APACHEⅡ評分的差異;采用Pearson相關性分析法,分析NT-proBNP水平與APACHEⅡ評分的相關性;采用受試者工作特征曲線(ROC)評估NT-proBNP對膿毒癥的診斷價值。結果:一般感染組、膿毒癥組、嚴重膿毒癥組和膿毒性休克組患者血漿NT-proBNP水平和APACHEII評分呈依次增高,且各組間比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義;Pearson相關性分析結果顯示:NT-proBNP水平和APACHEⅡ評分呈顯著正相關(r=0.364,P<0.01);ROC曲線分析顯示:NT-proBNP診斷嚴重膿毒癥和膿毒癥休克的ROC曲線下面積(AUC)為0.779(P=0.003)。截斷值為333.50 pg/L時,敏感度為80%,特異度為59.4%,陽性預測值為0.80,陰性預測值為0.76。結論:血漿NT-proBNP水平可作為膿毒癥患者診斷病情嚴重程度和預后評估的指標。
N端B型腦鈉肽;膿毒癥;急性生理學與慢性健康狀況評分系統(tǒng)Ⅱ評分
膿毒癥是由感染引起的全身炎癥反應(SIRS),證實有細菌存在或有高度可疑感染灶[1]。膿毒癥發(fā)生率高,死亡率高,治療費用高,醫(yī)療資源消耗大,嚴重威脅著人類的健康,越來越引起大家的關注。N端B型腦鈉肽(NT-proBNP)是目前心力衰竭的公認標志物,在心力衰竭、肺栓塞及由心肌缺血所致的心肌損傷中NT-proBNP水平升高[2-3]。近年來發(fā)現(xiàn)在嚴重膿毒癥和膿毒癥休克的患者中,NT-proBNP水平明顯增高[4-5],并且與膿毒癥休克患者的死亡率相關[6]。本研究將探討NT-proBNP在膿毒癥中的臨床意義。
1.1 一般資料
選取2013年4月—2014年3月在我院急診科收治的年齡在18~80 歲之間的急性感染患者62 例,將患者分為一般感染組9 例和膿毒癥組(感染合并SIRS)53 例;根據膿毒癥診斷標準[1],將膿毒癥組患者分為膿毒癥組23 例、嚴重膿毒癥組22 和膿毒性休克組8 例3 個亞組。并且排除既往存在腎衰竭、心功能不全、肺源性心臟病、瓣膜性心臟病及急性冠狀動脈性疾病患者。
1.2 方法
入選患者于入院24 h內取靜脈血,檢測NT-proBNP水平,并進行急性生理學與慢性健康狀況評分系統(tǒng)Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)評分。APACHEII評分:收集患者急診入院24 h內各項生理參數(shù)和實驗室檢查結果,同時記錄年齡及慢性健康狀況。
1.3 統(tǒng)計學方法
采用單因素方差分析比較一般感染組、膿毒癥組、嚴重膿毒癥組和膿毒癥休克組之間NT-proBNP水平與APACHEⅡ評分的差異;采用Pearson相關性分析法分析NT-proBNP水平與APACHEⅡ評分的相關性;采用受試者工作特征曲線(ROC)評估NT-proBNP對嚴重膿毒癥和膿毒癥休克的診斷價值。
2.1 四組患者血漿NT-proBNP水平和APACHEII評分比較
一般感染組、膿毒癥組、嚴重膿毒癥組和膿毒癥休克組血漿NT-proBNP水平和APACHEII評分依次增高,且各組間比較差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義(見表1)。
表1 各組間血漿NT-proBNP水平和APACHEII評分比較
2.2 患者血漿NT-proBNP水平和APACHEⅡ評分相關性分析
患者血漿NT-proBNP水平與APACHEII評分呈正相關(r=0.364,P=0.004)(見圖1)。
2.3 采用ROC曲線評估NT-proBNP對嚴重膿毒癥及膿毒癥休克的診斷能力
結果顯示:NT-proBNP診斷嚴重膿毒癥和膿毒癥休克的ROC曲線下面積(AUC)為0.779,P值為0.003,有統(tǒng)計學意義(見圖2)。截斷值為333.50 pg/L時,敏感度為80%,特異度為59.4%,陽性預測值為0.80,陰性預測值為0.76。
圖1 血漿NT-proBNP水平與APACHEII 評分的相關性散點圖
圖2 NT-proBNP診斷嚴重膿毒癥和膿毒癥休克的ROC曲線
膿毒癥是急診科臨床工作中常遇到的急危重癥疾病之一,膿毒癥病情進展迅速,隨著病情的進展,患者可出現(xiàn)心功能障礙,心肌抑制,左室射血分數(shù)(LVEF)降低及其他多臟器功能受損[7]。嚴重膿毒癥和膿毒癥休克仍是ICU病房中的主要死亡原因之一[8-9]。因此,膿毒癥的早期識別、診斷和治療十分重要。B型鈉尿肽(BNP)是一種心臟分泌的神經激素,具有排鈉、利尿、擴血管、抑制腎素和醛固酮的釋放、抑制心室和血管肌細胞生長的作用[10]。B型腦鈉肽包括BNP和NT-proBNP,是由腦鈉肽前體蛋白分化而來,在心室壁張力或容量負荷增加時,心房、心室的心肌細胞和部分成纖維細胞分泌腦鈉肽前體蛋白,腦鈉肽前體蛋白之后裂解成含32 個氨基酸的有活性羧基片段(BNP)和含76個氨基酸的無活性的氨基末端片段(NT-proBNP),以1∶1的比例釋放[10-11]。在心功能受損時,血漿NT-proBNP值超過BNP,作為早期心功能損害的標志物,NT-proBNP更為敏感[12]。本研究顯示,膿毒癥患者血漿NT-proBNP明顯高于一般感染組,且隨著膿毒癥病情加重,NT-proBNP水平呈逐漸增高的趨勢,并且與反映患者危重程度的APACHEⅡ評分呈正相關,表明血漿NT-proBNP水平能在一定程度上反映膿毒癥的嚴重程度。膿毒癥患者中NT-proBNP水平增高可能與心肌損傷、抑制以及心功能不全相關。NT-proBNP診斷嚴重膿毒癥和膿毒癥休克的ROC曲線下面積(AUC)為0.779(P=0.003)。說明血漿NT-proBNP水平在一定程度上可以作為診斷嚴重膿毒癥和膿毒癥休克的指標之一。
因此,臨床醫(yī)生可以通過檢測血漿NT-proBNP水平,在膿毒癥的診斷和嚴重程度判斷方面得到預警。血漿NT-proBNP可以作為膿毒癥診斷和嚴重程度判斷的指標之一。
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ThediagnosisvalueofN-terminalbrainnatriureticpeptideinsepsis
LIU Hong,LI Yan,LU Cailan
(The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China)
Objective:To explore the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation value of N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in sepsis.Methods:A total of 62 patients with acute infection were enrolled for this study in the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between April 2010 and March 2014.According to the diagnostic criteria of sepsis,the patients with acute infection were divided into general infection group (9 cases) and sepsis group (53 cases).According to sepsis severity,the latter group was divided into three subgroups:sepsis group (23 cases),severe sepsis group (22 cases) and sepsis shock group (8 cases).All the research objects in hospital were taken venous blood within 24 h.We detected the levels of NT-proBNP in each groups.Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ) score was done in each groups.We used single factor analysis of variance to compare the difference of the NT-proBNP level and APACHE Ⅱ score between the groups.The relationships between NT-proBNP and APACHE Ⅱ score were determined with Pearson correlation analysis.The receiver-operating characteristic curves (ROC) of NT-proBNP were used to evaluate the diagnosis ability in severe sepsis and sepsis shock.Results:The levels of NT-proBNP and APACHEⅡscore of the general infection group,sepsis group,severe sepsis group and sepsis shock group increased in turn.Comparative differences between groups were statistically significant (P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis results showded that the levels of NT-proBNP and APACHE Ⅱ scores is significantly positive related (r=0.364,P<0.01).The area under the ROC curve(AUC) of the NT-proBNP in the diagnosis of severe sepsis and sepsis shock was 0.779(P=0.003).When the cutoff value was 333.50 pg/L,the sensitivity was 80.0%,the specificity was 59.4%,the positive predictive value was 0.80 and the negative predictive value was 0.76.Conclusion:The plasma levels of NT-proBNP can be used as a indicator in diagnosis and severity evaluation in sepsis.
N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide;sepsis;APACHE Ⅱ score
曾敏(1985— ),女,四川省威遠縣人,主治醫(yī)師,主要從事麻醉科臨床工作。
1671-8631(2017)10-0730-04
R765.42
B
2017-05-03
(本文編輯:張榮梅)