秦燕子,王曉麗,劉明俊,王樂樂,單利娜,李卓然,陶儀聲
β-catenin在食管癌侵襲轉(zhuǎn)移過程中的作用
秦燕子1,王曉麗2,劉明俊3,王樂樂3,單利娜3,李卓然3,陶儀聲1
目的 探討β-catenin在食管癌侵襲轉(zhuǎn)移過程中的作用。方法 轉(zhuǎn)染有效的β-catenin基因siRNA干擾片段于食管癌Eca-109細(xì)胞中,下調(diào)β-catenin表達(dá):CCK-8增殖實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測沉默該基因?qū)κ彻馨┘?xì)胞增殖能力的影響;Transwell小室實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測對其侵襲、遷移能力的影響;Western blot法檢測β-catenin表達(dá)下調(diào)后WISP2、TCF4及E-cadherin蛋白表達(dá)。結(jié)果 CCK-8增殖實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,干擾組(siRNA干擾片段有效轉(zhuǎn)染的下調(diào)β-catenin組)細(xì)胞增殖能力明顯低于空白對照組(未處理組)及陰性對照組(轉(zhuǎn)染無意義片段組)(P<0.05),而空白對照組與陰性對照組之間差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。Transwell小室實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,干擾組遷移、侵襲能力均低于空白對照組及陰性對照組(P<0.05)。Western blot結(jié)果顯示,WISP2、E-cadherin蛋白在干擾組中的表達(dá)量高于空白對照組及陰性對照組(P<0.05);TCF4蛋白在干擾組中的表達(dá)量低于空白對照組及陰性對照組(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 在食管癌細(xì)胞中,下調(diào)β-catenin后,Wnt信號通路的相關(guān)因子也出現(xiàn)明顯改變,推測沉默食管癌中Wnt信號通路β-catenin因子,E-cadherin表達(dá)增加,抑制上皮-間質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化(epithelial mesenchymal transition, EMT),阻礙食管癌細(xì)胞增殖,通過減少TCF4表達(dá),促進(jìn)下游靶基因WISP2表達(dá),從而抑制腫瘤細(xì)胞侵襲、轉(zhuǎn)移;β-catenin基因有望成為靶向治療食管癌的候選基因。
食管腫瘤;侵襲;轉(zhuǎn)移;增殖;β-catenin
食管癌的發(fā)生嚴(yán)重威脅著人類健康,其復(fù)發(fā)和轉(zhuǎn)移很難得到有效控制。研究證明,食管癌的增殖、侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移是多基因參與的多步驟復(fù)雜過程[1-2]。Wnt信號通路的異常激活在食管癌的發(fā)生、發(fā)展過程中起到一定的作用。β-catenin在細(xì)胞內(nèi)的異常聚集是此信號通路異常激活的標(biāo)志性體現(xiàn)。Wnt-1信號蛋白與細(xì)胞膜上的受體蛋白Frizled結(jié)合后,引起細(xì)胞內(nèi)游離的β-catenin過度集聚,而后β-catenin進(jìn)入細(xì)胞核內(nèi)與轉(zhuǎn)錄因子相互作用,調(diào)節(jié)下游基因轉(zhuǎn)錄,影響細(xì)胞增殖、分化等行為[3]。研究證實(shí)β-catenin在食管癌中高表達(dá),本次實(shí)驗(yàn)通過下調(diào)β-catenin表達(dá),探究其對食管癌細(xì)胞增殖、侵襲及遷移能力的影響。
1.1 細(xì)胞系 人食管癌細(xì)胞系Eca-109購自上海復(fù)祥生物公司細(xì)胞庫。
1.2 主要試劑、抗體 DMSO、Lipofectamine 2000脂質(zhì)體轉(zhuǎn)染試劑購自美國Invitrogen公司,質(zhì)粒提取試劑盒、反轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒,蛋白試劑盒、β-catenin引物(上游序列5′-ATGGACAGTATGCAATGACTCG-3′,下游序列5′-TAGCAGACACCATCTGAGGAGA-3′,357 bp)及β-actin引物(上游序列5′-CACCCAGCACAATGAAGATCAAGAT-3′,下游序列5′-CCAGTTTTTAAATCCTGAGTCAAGC-3′,317 bp)購自武漢谷歌生物公司,β-catenin siRNA干擾片段(有義鏈5′-GGAUGUGGAUACCUCCCAATT-3′,反義鏈5′-UUGG GAGGUAUCCACAUCCTT-3′)、β-catenin siRNA陰性對照片段(有義鏈5′-GGAUGUGGAUACCUCCCAAT T-3′,反義鏈5′-UUGGGAGGUAUCCACAUCCTT-3′)由上海吉瑪生物公司設(shè)計,β-catenin抗體(鼠抗人)、E-cadherin抗體(兔抗人)、TCF4抗體(鼠抗人)購自美國Affbiotech公司,WISP2抗體(兔抗人)購自美國Abcam公司。
1.3 方法 細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)染:復(fù)蘇細(xì)胞,更換培養(yǎng)液,細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)染,將Lipofectamine 2000和β-catenin siRNA按照6 ∶4比例稀釋于500 μL的不含抗生素的opti-MEM培養(yǎng)液中,放置在超凈臺上,避光孵育20 min,接種到六孔板內(nèi),收集細(xì)胞。Western blot實(shí)驗(yàn):提取細(xì)胞蛋白,測定蛋白濃度并制備檢測樣品,電泳,轉(zhuǎn)膜,封抗,一抗?jié)舛圈?catenin(1 ∶2 000)、WISP2(1 ∶1 000)、TCF4(1 ∶1 000)、E-cadherin(1 ∶5 000)、β-catin(1 ∶10 000),化學(xué)發(fā)光、顯影。qRT-PCR凝膠圖像分析:提取Total RNA,按照實(shí)驗(yàn)說明操作,反應(yīng)體系20 uL,40個循環(huán)(50 ℃ cDNA 15 min,95 ℃ 10 min,95 ℃ 10 min預(yù)變性,95 ℃ 15 s,60 ℃ 30 s,72 ℃ 30 s)。Transwell侵襲實(shí)驗(yàn):每孔隨機(jī)選取8個視野進(jìn)行觀察拍照,計算平均穿過基膜的細(xì)胞數(shù)。細(xì)胞遷移實(shí)驗(yàn):小室內(nèi)不需要鋪Matril基質(zhì)膠,步驟、結(jié)果處理同侵襲實(shí)驗(yàn)。CCK-8增殖實(shí)驗(yàn):終止細(xì)胞培養(yǎng),移除培養(yǎng)液,加入新鮮培養(yǎng)基,每孔加入10 μL CCK-8試劑(保持總體積每孔100 uL),置于CO2培養(yǎng)箱4 h,450 nm濾光片下測OD值。各組實(shí)驗(yàn)均重復(fù)3次。
2.1 Western blot法檢測β-catenin蛋白表達(dá) 本實(shí)驗(yàn)在細(xì)胞水平通過Lipofectamine 2000和β-catenin siRNA形成的復(fù)合物成功瞬時轉(zhuǎn)染Eca-109細(xì)胞株,干擾β-catenin表達(dá)后,應(yīng)用Western blot法測得β-catenin與β-actin灰度值比值,空白對照組、陰性對照組、干擾組分別為1.749±0.012、1.735±0.004、0,分析得出β-catenin蛋白表達(dá)量在干擾組中顯著低于空白對照組、陰性對照組(P<0.05,圖1)。
圖1 各實(shí)驗(yàn)細(xì)胞β-catenin和β-actin蛋白的表達(dá) A.空白對照組;B.陰性對照組;C.干擾組
2.2 qRT-PCR檢測各組食管癌細(xì)胞中β-catenin mRNA的表達(dá) siRNA沉默β-catenin后,提取各組細(xì)胞的總RNA,應(yīng)用核酸蛋白分析儀測定總RNA濃度,得出各組細(xì)胞中β-catenin mRNA的相對表達(dá)量,結(jié)果顯示空白對照組、陰性對照組、干擾組中的β-catenin mRNA的相對表達(dá)量分別為1.542±0.046、1.377±0.046、0.292±0.05。干擾組與其它兩組相比,β-catenin mRNA的相對表達(dá)水平顯著下調(diào)(P<0.05,圖2),而陰性對照組與空白對照組之間差異無顯著性(P>0.05)。
圖2 各實(shí)驗(yàn)組細(xì)胞β-catenin基因的擴(kuò)增曲線: A.空白對照組;B.陰性對照組;C.干擾組
2.3 沉默β-catenin對各組食管癌細(xì)胞侵襲能力的影響 倒置顯微鏡下計數(shù)穿過Matrigel基質(zhì)膠的細(xì)胞數(shù),反應(yīng)細(xì)胞侵襲能力,結(jié)果顯示空白對照組、陰性對照組、干擾組穿透Matrigel基質(zhì)膠的細(xì)胞數(shù)分別為129.67±8.50、124.67±11.01、47.33±4.16。干擾組細(xì)胞數(shù)顯著低于空白對照組、陰性對照組(P<0.05),而與空白對照組、陰性對照組之間差異無顯著性(P>0.05,圖3)。
2.4 沉默β-catenin對各組食管癌細(xì)胞遷移能力的影響 倒置顯微鏡下計數(shù)穿過微孔濾膜的細(xì)胞數(shù),反應(yīng)細(xì)胞遷移能力,結(jié)果顯示空白對照組、陰性對照組、干擾組穿透聚碳酸微孔濾膜的細(xì)胞數(shù)分別為95.5±4.69、102.1±4.33、47.8±5.21。干擾組細(xì)胞數(shù)顯著低于空白對照組、陰性對照組(P<0.05),而與空白對照組、陰性對照組之間差異無顯著性(P>0.05,圖4)。
2.5 CCK-8增殖實(shí)驗(yàn) 種板24、48、72、96 h后在酶標(biāo)儀下分別測定OD值,實(shí)驗(yàn)重復(fù)3次以上,得不同時間點(diǎn)各實(shí)驗(yàn)組數(shù)據(jù)(表1),統(tǒng)計分析得出,干擾組的增殖能力顯著低于空白對照組及陰性對照組(P<0.05)。
2.6 下調(diào)β-catenin后WISP2、E-cadherin、TCF4蛋白的表達(dá) 提取各實(shí)驗(yàn)組蛋白,應(yīng)用Western blot法檢測各實(shí)驗(yàn)組因子與β-actin灰度值比值,在空白對照組、陰性對照組、干擾組中:WISP2分別為0.12±0.02、0.38±0.01、0.53±0.02;E-cadherin分別為0.123±0.015、0.19±0.06、0.53±0.02;TCF4分別為0.643±0.035、0.74±0.04、0.16±0.03。SPSS 20.0統(tǒng)計軟件分析:干擾組的WISP2、E-cadherin蛋白表達(dá)量均高于空白對照組及陰性對照組(P<0.05),而空白對照組與陰性對照組之間差異無顯著性(P>0.05);干擾組的TCF4蛋白表達(dá)量低于空白對照組及陰性對照組(P<0.05),而空白對照組及陰性對照組之間差異無顯著性(P>0.05,圖5)。
③A③B③C④A④B④C
圖3 Transwell細(xì)胞侵襲試驗(yàn)中穿過Matrigel基質(zhì)膠的細(xì)胞:A.空白對照組;B.陰性對照組;C.干擾組 圖4 Transwell細(xì)胞遷移試驗(yàn)中穿過基膜的細(xì)胞:A.空白對照組;B.陰性對照組;C.干擾組
表1 各實(shí)驗(yàn)組在不同時間點(diǎn)的OD值
圖5 WISP2、E-cadherin、TCF4與β-actin在各實(shí)驗(yàn)組中的表達(dá) A. 空白對照組;B.陰性對照組;C.干擾組
侵襲、遷移能力作為惡性腫瘤的重要生物學(xué)行為是目前熱點(diǎn)研究領(lǐng)域,以此可以探索腫瘤的發(fā)生、發(fā)展機(jī)制。隨著對連環(huán)蛋白與惡性腫瘤關(guān)系認(rèn)識的加深,細(xì)胞黏附分子與惡性腫瘤生物學(xué)行為的關(guān)系被推向新的階段[4]。β-catenin具有介導(dǎo)細(xì)胞黏附及參與Wnt信號傳導(dǎo)的雙重功能[5],是Wnt信號通路的關(guān)鍵調(diào)控因子,在多種腫瘤細(xì)胞如黑色素瘤、乳腺癌、卵巢癌等中高表達(dá)[6],參與腫瘤發(fā)生、發(fā)展多個環(huán)節(jié)[7]。本實(shí)驗(yàn)利用siRNA干擾技術(shù),合成靶向沉默β-catenin的雙鏈siRNA[8]干擾片段,qRT-PCR和Western blot實(shí)驗(yàn)證明在食管癌細(xì)胞株中轉(zhuǎn)染siRNA載體后,β-catenin mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)被顯著抑制;Transwell小室及CCK-8實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),干擾組細(xì)胞的增殖、遷移及侵襲能力均低于空白對照組及陰性對照組(P<0.05),而空白對照組與陰性對照組之間差異無顯著性(P>0.05)。本次實(shí)驗(yàn)提示,在食管癌中有效沉默β-catenin因子可以抑制食管癌細(xì)胞的增殖、侵襲及轉(zhuǎn)移,β-catenin可能作為食管癌分子生物治療的新候選基因。
WISP2是生長因子CNN家族成員之一,其在促進(jìn)細(xì)胞增殖、介導(dǎo)細(xì)胞黏附、參與細(xì)胞遷移及腫瘤形成等方面發(fā)揮作用[9]。本課題組前期實(shí)驗(yàn)證明在食管癌中WISP2低表達(dá),并且與β-catenin存在相關(guān)性,提示W(wǎng)ISP2可能作為一種保護(hù)因子抑制其發(fā)生、發(fā)展[10]。本組實(shí)驗(yàn)利用siRNA干擾技術(shù),在食管癌細(xì)胞Eca-109中沉默β-catenin因子,發(fā)現(xiàn)WISP2在干擾組中蛋白表達(dá)量明顯高于空白組和陰性對照組(P<0.05),與前期研究結(jié)果相吻和[10]。有研究顯示,WISP2與Wnt信號通路有關(guān),WISP2被證實(shí)為Wnt-1信號通路的下游靶基因[11]。在乳腺癌細(xì)胞株中敲除WISP2基因可以誘導(dǎo)上皮-間質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化(epithelial mesenchymal transition, EMT)[12]發(fā)生,從而促進(jìn)癌細(xì)胞侵襲和遷移[13]。Haque等[14]發(fā)現(xiàn)在三陰型乳腺癌中WISP2能夠激活誘導(dǎo)并促進(jìn)細(xì)胞停滯在G0/G1期,降低細(xì)胞增殖。推測可能在食管癌細(xì)胞中Wnt信號通路異常激活后,通過沉默β-catenin而作用于該信號通路的其它因子,促使下游靶基因WISP2的表達(dá),進(jìn)而抑制Eca-109細(xì)胞的增殖、侵襲、遷移。
腫瘤細(xì)胞從原發(fā)部位脫落,并遷移至其他組織或器官是腫瘤播散最為關(guān)鍵的環(huán)節(jié)[15],也是腫瘤發(fā)生侵襲、遷移的主要原因之一。Wnt信號通路的異常活化參與腫瘤的發(fā)生、發(fā)展以及轉(zhuǎn)移過程,E-cadherin是其相關(guān)因子之一。當(dāng)細(xì)胞胞膜上的β-catenin減少時,E-cadherin依賴性的細(xì)胞黏附功能就會下降,進(jìn)而使得腫瘤細(xì)胞容易從原發(fā)部位發(fā)生脫離。E-cadherin 被認(rèn)為是EMT過程中的基礎(chǔ),而EMT是指上皮細(xì)胞失去黏合性和極性,從而獲得轉(zhuǎn)移和侵襲能力的可逆過程。TCF4是Wnt信號通路中的信號分子,在腫瘤的發(fā)生、發(fā)展過程中起到重要作用。異常情況下Wnt通路被激活時,β-catenin由細(xì)胞質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)移到細(xì)胞核內(nèi),競爭性結(jié)合TCF4,抑制TCF4轉(zhuǎn)錄激活功能[16-18],并且同TCF4共同作用促使其下游轉(zhuǎn)錄因子也被激活,進(jìn)而誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞癌變[19]。Peng等[20]發(fā)現(xiàn)β-catenin/TCF在肝細(xì)胞癌中通過激活下游靶基因來促進(jìn)肝癌細(xì)胞的侵襲和遷移。E-cadherin/β-catenin/TCF通路在胃癌與幽門螺桿菌感染關(guān)系[21]中有所研究,在腫瘤的侵襲、轉(zhuǎn)移方面三者之間的關(guān)系尚未見報道。差異性基因表達(dá)路徑分析顯示,TCF4依賴人神經(jīng)母細(xì)胞瘤,如果敲除TCF4基因,EMT相關(guān)的多信號通路和基因會因此而發(fā)生不同程度的變異[22]。本組實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,沉默β-catenin表達(dá)之后,食管癌細(xì)胞Eca-109的侵襲、遷移能力均顯著下降,干擾組中TCF4表達(dá)較陰性對照組及空白組均顯著下降(P<0.05),而E-cadherin的表達(dá)量較陰性對照組及空白組均顯著升高(P<0.05)。說明β-catenin蛋白沉默可能通過下調(diào)TCF4的表達(dá)進(jìn)而調(diào)節(jié)E-cadherin的表達(dá)使其表達(dá)增強(qiáng)進(jìn)而抑制腫瘤的EMT,阻礙食管癌細(xì)胞的侵襲及遷移。
由于基因靶向治療的針對性強(qiáng),目前在許多腫瘤治療中已成為治療的一種趨勢,食管癌靶向治療也是目前的研究熱點(diǎn)。結(jié)合前期研究結(jié)果及本組實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,通過沉默β-catenin基因后,TCF4表達(dá)下降,兩者結(jié)合能力減弱,直接或間接抑制E-cadherin的表達(dá),同時對Wnt信號通路下游靶基因WISP2的抑制作用減弱,導(dǎo)致食管癌細(xì)胞增殖、侵襲、遷移能力減弱。但是信號的傳導(dǎo)是多因子參與的多步驟過程,該調(diào)控的具體機(jī)制還需進(jìn)一步研究。闡明這些機(jī)制,對食管癌的治療和改善預(yù)后將提供更多的參考價值,因此我們期待對Wnt/β-catenin信號通路進(jìn)行深入探討,為食管癌的治療提供更多的有效思路。
[1] Lordick F. Current standard and trends in oesophageal cancer[J]. Eur J Cancer, 2011,47(3):S353-S354.
[2] Moyes L H, Going J J. Still waiting for predictive biomarkers in Barrett's oesophagus[J]. J Clin Pathol, 2011,64(9):742-750.
[3] Umawat K, Koopmans T, Gosens R. β-catenin as a regulator and therapeutic target for asthmatic airway remodeling[J]. Expert Opin Ther Targets, 2014,18(9):1023-1034.
[4] Tan C W, Gardiner B S, Hirokawa Y,etal. Wnt signalling pathway parameters for mammalian cells[J]. PLoS One, 2012,7(2):e31882.
[5] Voronkov A, Krauss S. Wnt/β-catenin signaling and small molecule inhibitors[J]. Curr Pharm Des, 2013,19(4):19634-19664.
[6] Schmeel L C, Schmeel F C, Kim Y,etal. Targeting the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in multiple myeloma[J]. Anticancer Res, 2013,33(11):4719-4726.
[7] Flemr M, Malik R, Franke V,etal. A retrotransposon-driven dicer isoform directs endogenous small interfering RNA production in mouse oocytes[J]. Cell, 2013,155(4):807-816.
[8] Fellmann C, Lowe S W. Stable RNA interference rules for silencing[J]. Nat Cell Biol, 2014,16(1):10-18.
[9] Brigstock D R. The CCN family: a new stimulus package[J]. J Endocrinol, 2003,178(2):169-175.
[10] 秦燕子, 陶儀聲. Sox4, β-cateninhe和WISP2在食管鱗癌中的表達(dá)及臨床意義[D]. 蚌埠: 蚌埠醫(yī)學(xué)院, 2013.
[11] Pennica D, Swanson T A, Welsh J W,etal. WISP genesare members of the connective tissue growth factor family that are up-regulated in Wnt-1-transformed cells and aberrantly expressed in human colon tumors[J]. Proc Natl Sci USA, 1998,95(25):14717-14722.
[12] Fritah A, Saucier C, De Wever O,etal. Role of WISP-2/CCN5 in the maintenance of a differentiated and noninvasive phenotype in human breast cancer cells[J]. Mol Cell Biol, 2008,28(3):1114-1123.
[13] Sabbah M, Emami S, Redeuilh G,etal. Molecular signature and therapeutic perspective of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions in epithelial cancers[J]. Rug Resist Updat, 2008,11(4-5):123-151.
[14] Haque I, Banerjee S, De A,etal. CCN5/WISP-2 promotes growth arrest of triple-negative breast cancer cells through accumulation and trafficking of p27(Kip1) via Skp2 and FOXO3a regulation [J]. Oncogene, 2015,34(24):3152-3163.
[15] Klucky B, Mueller R, Vogt I,etal. Kallikrein 6 induces E-cadherin shedding and promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion[J]. Cancer Res, 2007,67(17):8198-8206.
[16] Xu Z, Chen Y, Yu J,etal. TCF4 mediates the maintenance of neuropathic pain through Wnt/β-catenin signaling following peripheral nerve injury in rats[J]. Mol Neurosci, 2015,56(2):397-408.
[17] Guturi K K, Sarkar M, Bhowmik A,etal. DEAD-box protein p68 is regulated by β-catenin/transcription factor 4 to maintain a positive feedback loop in control of breast cancer progression[J]. Breast Cancer Res, 2014,16(6):496.
[18] Valenta T, Hausmann G, Basler K. The many faces and functions of beta-catenin[J]. EMBO J, 2012,31(12):2714-2736.
[19] Schuijers J, Mokry M, Hatzis P,etal. Wnt induced transcriptional activation is exclusively mediated by TCF/LEF[J]. EMBO J, 2014,33(2):146-156.
[20] Peng Y Y, He Y H, Chen C,etal. NLRC5 regulates cell proliferation, migration and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway[J]. Cancer Lett, 2016,376(1):10-21.
[21] Yu X W, Xu Q, Xu Y,etal. Expression of the E-cadherin/β-catenin/tcf-4 pathway in gastric diseases with relation to Helicobacter pylori infection: clinical and pathological implications[J]. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2014,15(1):215-220.
[22] Forrest M P, Waite A J, Rendon E M,etal. Knockdown of human TCF4 affects multiple signaling pathways involved in cell survival, epithelial to mesenchymal transition and neuronal differentiation[J]. PLoS One, 2013,8(8):e73169.
Effect of β-catenin in invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
QIN Yan-zi1, WANG Xiao-li2, LIU Ming-jun3, WANG Le-le3, SHAN Li-na3, LI Zhuo-ran3, TAO Yi-sheng1
(1DepartmentofPathology,theFirstAffiliatedHospitalofBengbuMedicalCollege,Bengbu233004,China;2DepartmentofPathology,RenminHospitalofWeifang,Weifang261000,China;3DepartmentofGeneralMedicine,Grade2012,BengbuMedicalCollege,Bengbu233004,China)
Purpose To explore the β-catenin role in the process of invasion and metastasis of esophageal cancer. Methods Transfection-effective β-catenin gene segments of siRNA interference in human esophageal Eca-109 cells was used to downregulate β-catenin expression: CCK-8 multiplication experiment was carried out to observe the esophageal cancer cell proliferation. Transwell chambers experiment was used to observe its invasion, migration ability. Western blot was used to detect the expression of WISP2 and TCF4, E-cadherin protein. Results CCK-8 multiplication experiment showed that in the interference group (the efficient transfection of β-catenin down-regulation group by siRNA) cell proliferation ability significantly decreased as compared with the blank control group (the untreated group) and the negative control group (the transfection group meaningless fragments) (P<0.05), and there was no statistical significance between the blank and negative control groups (P>0.05). The invasion and migration ability of the interference group was lower than that in the blank control group and the negative control group (P<0.05) by the transwell chambers experiment. Western blot showed that the protein lever of WISP2 and E-cadherin in interference group was higher than those in the blank control group and the negative control group (P<0.05). TCF4 protein expression in the interference group was lower than that of the blank control group and the negative control group (P<0.05). Conclusions After the β-catenin expression is down-regulated, Wnt signaling pathway-related factors are significantly changed. It can be speculated that the silencing of β-catenin in Wnt signaling pathway may hinder the esophageal cancer cell proliferation by up-regulating E-cadherin expression to obstruct epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and to inhibit tumor cell proliferation. Invasion and metastasis of the tumor are also inhibited by reducing TCF4 expression and promoting WISP2 downstream target genes expression. Therefore, β-catenin gene is expected to be a target for the treatment of esophageal cancer.
esophageal neoplasms; invasion; metastasis; proliferation; β-catenin
國家級大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)項目(201410367036)、蚌埠醫(yī)學(xué)院自然科學(xué)基金(BYKY1437)
1蚌埠醫(yī)學(xué)院第一附屬醫(yī)院病理科/蚌埠醫(yī)學(xué)院病理學(xué)教研室,蚌埠 2330042山東省濰坊市人民醫(yī)院病理科,濰坊 2610003蚌埠醫(yī)學(xué)院2012級全科醫(yī)學(xué)系,蚌埠 233004
秦燕子,女,碩士,講師。E-mail: qyz18725525611@163.com 陶儀聲,女,教授,碩士生導(dǎo)師,通訊作者。Tel:(0552)3070209,E-mail: tys101041@126.com
時間:2017-8-20 15:27 網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版地址:http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/34.1073.R.20170820.1527.002.html
R 735.1
A
1001-7399(2017)08-0832-05
10.13315/j.cnki.cjcep.2017.08.002
接受日期:2017-04-16