李燕波,何志良,蘇丹妮,王承陽,賀成功,曹 雷
(河北省承德市中心醫(yī)院:1.口腔科;2.手術(shù)室 067000)
舌鱗癌患者外周血Th17細(xì)胞及其細(xì)胞因子變化的臨床意義*
李燕波1,何志良1,蘇丹妮2,王承陽1,賀成功1,曹 雷1
(河北省承德市中心醫(yī)院:1.口腔科;2.手術(shù)室 067000)
目的 探討舌鱗癌患者外周血輔助性T細(xì)胞17(Th17)及其細(xì)胞因子變化的臨床意義。方法 以該院2013年1月至2016年1月收治的66例舌鱗癌患者為研究對(duì)象,同期行健康體檢的42例志愿者為對(duì)照。采集所有研究對(duì)象外周血,流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測外周血Th17細(xì)胞比例,ELISA法檢測白細(xì)胞介素(IL)-17、轉(zhuǎn)化生長因子-β(TGF-β)和IL-6因子水平。結(jié)果 觀察組和對(duì)照組外周血Th17細(xì)胞比例、IL-17、TGF-β、IL-6分別為(1.46±0.41)%、(0.31±0.12)%,(123.36±21.20)pg/mL、(20.76±8.95)pg/mL,(215.80±21.52)pg/mL、(26.90±10.41)pg/mL,(17.32±8.02)pg/mL、(5.85±1.49)pg/mL,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。Th17細(xì)胞比例、IL-17、TGF-β和IL-6水平隨著舌鱗癌臨床分期的增加而升高(P<0.01)。TGF-β與IL-17水平呈正相關(guān)(r=0.626,P=0.021),IL-6水平與Th17細(xì)胞比例和IL-17均呈正相關(guān)(r=0.626、0.597,P=0.021、0.034)。結(jié)論 Th17細(xì)胞和IL-17表達(dá)的增加在舌鱗癌的發(fā)生、發(fā)展中發(fā)揮著重要作用,Th17細(xì)胞和IL-17因子可成為抗腫瘤治療的重要靶點(diǎn)。
舌;癌,鱗狀細(xì)胞;Th17細(xì)胞;細(xì)胞因子;臨床意義
舌鱗癌是最常見的頭頸部惡性腫瘤之一,其治療手段以放化療和手術(shù)為主,5年生存率較低。研究表明,舌鱗癌患者常合并嚴(yán)重的免疫缺陷,提高舌鱗癌患者機(jī)體免疫系統(tǒng)能力和抗腫瘤的免疫治療成為研究的熱點(diǎn)[1]。輔助性T細(xì)胞17(Th17)及其相關(guān)細(xì)胞因子白細(xì)胞介素(IL)-17、轉(zhuǎn)化生長因子-β(TGF-β)和IL-6在炎癥、腫瘤和自身免疫性疾病中發(fā)揮著重要作用。本文即研究舌鱗癌患者外周血Th17細(xì)胞及其細(xì)胞因子變化的臨床意義。
1.1 一般資料 以本院2013年1月至2016年1月收治的66例舌鱗癌患者為研究對(duì)象(觀察組),均經(jīng)病理組織學(xué)檢查,由兩名病理科醫(yī)師確診,組織學(xué)類型均為口腔鱗癌。觀察組患者均未接受過手術(shù)、放化療及生物治療,排除合并感染、風(fēng)濕或自身免疫性疾病,其他惡性腫瘤或轉(zhuǎn)移、嚴(yán)重心肝腎功能不全者。以本院同期行健康體檢的42例志愿者為對(duì)照組。觀察組男38例,女28例,平均年齡(52.18±8.65)歲;對(duì)照組男23例,女19例,平均年齡(51.70±8.25)歲。兩組性別、年齡差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。觀察組臨床分期依據(jù)國際抗癌協(xié)會(huì)聯(lián)盟(UICC)[2]制定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),Ⅰ期11例,Ⅱ期16例,Ⅲ期20例,Ⅳ期19例。本研究經(jīng)醫(yī)院倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn),所有患者均簽署知情同意書。
1.2 儀器試劑 流式細(xì)胞儀(美國BD公司FACS Calibur),別藻藍(lán)素(APC)標(biāo)記的抗人CD3單抗、異硫氰酸熒光素(FITC)標(biāo)記的抗人CD8單抗、PE標(biāo)記的抗人IL-17A單抗(美國eBioscience公司),淋巴細(xì)胞分離液、固定破膜劑等(美國Sigma公司)。人IL-17、TGF-β和IL-6酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)(ELISA,美國BD公司)。
1.3 方法 所有研究對(duì)象均予抽取空腹靜脈血5 mL,離心取上清按ELISA試劑盒說明書檢測IL-17、TGF-β和IL-6水平;提取離心血淋巴細(xì)胞層進(jìn)行刺激、胞外、胞內(nèi)染色,然后上機(jī)檢測Th17細(xì)胞比例。
2.1 外周血Th17細(xì)胞比例和IL-17水平比較 觀察組和對(duì)照組外周血Th17細(xì)胞比例分別為(1.46±0.41)%、(0.31±0.12)%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=3.314,P=0.014),見圖1。Th17細(xì)胞比例隨著舌鱗癌臨床分期的增加而升高(P<0.01),見圖2、表1。觀察組和對(duì)照組外周血IL-17水平分別為(123.36±21.20)pg/mL、(20.76±8.95)pg/mL(t=4.983,P=0.006),IL-17水平隨著舌鱗癌臨床分期的增加而升高(P<0.01),見表1。
圖1 觀察組和對(duì)照組外周血Th17細(xì)胞比例
圖2 不同分期舌鱗癌患者外周血Th17細(xì)胞比例
分期Th17(%)IL-17(pg/mL)TGF-β(pg/mL)IL-6(pg/mL)Ⅰ期0.62±0.2156.50±16.5262.98±18.019.81±3.25Ⅱ期0.91±0.33112.89±27.46170.40±26.9315.49±3.81Ⅲ期1.34±0.53125.90±25.21193.36±25.3116.98±7.28Ⅳ期1.98±0.67160.50±29.31339.40±35.2025.60±6.62F/H5.01311.64623.14112.053P0.0010.0000.0000.000
2.2 外周血TGF-β和IL-6水平比較 觀察組和對(duì)照組外周血TGF-β水平分別為(215.80±21.52)pg/mL、(26.90±10.41)pg/mL(U=102.213,P=0.000);IL-6水平分別為(17.32±8.02)pg/mL、(5.85±1.49)pg/mL(t=10.589,P=0.000)。TGF-β、IL-6水平隨著舌鱗癌臨床分期的增加而升高(P<0.01),見表1。
2.3 Pearson相關(guān)分析結(jié)果 TGF-β水平與Th17細(xì)胞比例無明顯相關(guān)性(r=0.431,P=0.103),TGF-β水平與IL-17水平呈正相關(guān)(r=0.626,P=0.021),IL-6水平與Th17細(xì)胞比例和IL-17均呈正相關(guān)(r=0.626、0.597,P=0.021、0.034)。
Th17細(xì)胞參與惡性腫瘤、自身免疫性疾病與移植物抗宿主等疾病的發(fā)生、發(fā)展,已成為近年來免疫學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域的熱點(diǎn)[3]。IL-17是Th17細(xì)胞發(fā)揮生物學(xué)作用的主要細(xì)胞因子,在炎癥、腫瘤、自身免疫性疾病和移植排斥反應(yīng)中發(fā)揮著重要作用[4]。
研究發(fā)現(xiàn),多種腫瘤包括卵巢癌、胃癌、肝癌、肺癌和乳腺癌等均存在Th17細(xì)胞的浸潤和IL-17表達(dá)的增加[5]。IL-17可促進(jìn)多種促血管生成因子表達(dá)上調(diào),如血管內(nèi)皮生長因子(VEGF)、前列腺素E2等[6]。在腫瘤組織中,Th17細(xì)胞的浸潤和IL-17表達(dá)的增加和微血管密度呈正相關(guān),提示Th17細(xì)胞和IL-17可促進(jìn)腫瘤血管的生成從而促進(jìn)腫瘤的發(fā)生、發(fā)展[7]。在肝細(xì)胞癌組織中,Th17細(xì)胞是主要的浸潤細(xì)胞,促進(jìn)血管新生和肝癌的進(jìn)展[8]。多發(fā)性骨髓瘤中,Th17細(xì)胞比例和IL-17的表達(dá)均升高,且具有促進(jìn)骨髓瘤細(xì)胞生長,抑制機(jī)體免疫功能的作用[9]。以上結(jié)果均提示Th17細(xì)胞和IL-17因子的促腫瘤效應(yīng)。本研究中,舌鱗癌患者外周血Th17細(xì)胞比例和IL-17水平均顯著高于對(duì)照組,且隨著舌鱗癌患者臨床分期的增加,Th17細(xì)胞比例和IL-17水平隨之升高,提示Th17細(xì)胞和IL-17表達(dá)的增加在促進(jìn)舌鱗癌的發(fā)生、發(fā)展中起著重要作用。
研究表明,Th17細(xì)胞在腫瘤免疫中還具有保護(hù)效應(yīng),但其機(jī)制尚不完全清楚[10]。早期胃癌Th17細(xì)胞浸潤程度較進(jìn)展期胃癌高,Th17細(xì)胞可通過IFN-γ發(fā)揮抗腫瘤作用,還可通過募集Th1細(xì)胞發(fā)揮抗腫瘤效應(yīng)[11-12]。以上提示Th17細(xì)胞和IL-17因子可能存在的抗腫瘤作用。因此,Th17細(xì)胞和IL-17因子促腫瘤和抗腫瘤的效應(yīng)可能考慮與腫瘤微環(huán)境、腫瘤致病因素、類型和進(jìn)展階段等有關(guān),其具體機(jī)制還需更多的研究以進(jìn)一步探討。
TGF-β可增加內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞對(duì)VEGF的敏感性,而前列腺素E2和IL-6可共同促進(jìn)成纖維細(xì)胞之間的黏附分子表達(dá),從而促進(jìn)血管新生[13]。在結(jié)腸癌和乳腺癌的動(dòng)物模型中,TGF-β可使IL-17表達(dá)增加,而IL-17可促進(jìn)腫瘤細(xì)胞生長,同時(shí)起到抑制凋亡的作用[14]。IL-17可刺激黑色素瘤細(xì)胞及間質(zhì)細(xì)胞生長,同時(shí)誘導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生IL-6,通過STAT3信號(hào)途徑促進(jìn)新生血管的生成[15]。本研究中,舌鱗癌患者外周血TGF-β和IL-6水平均顯著高于對(duì)照組,隨著舌鱗癌患者臨床分期的增加,TGF-β和IL-6水平隨之升高,且TGF-β水平與IL-17水平呈正相關(guān),IL-6水平與Th17細(xì)胞比例和IL-17均呈正相關(guān),提示在舌鱗癌中TGF-β和IL-6的升高一方面可誘導(dǎo)Th17細(xì)胞分化,另一方面在促進(jìn)腫瘤血管新生和病程進(jìn)展中發(fā)揮著重要作用。
綜上所述,Th17細(xì)胞和IL-17表達(dá)的增加在舌鱗癌的發(fā)生、發(fā)展中發(fā)揮著重要作用。Th17細(xì)胞和IL-17因子可成為抗腫瘤治療的重要靶點(diǎn),但還需進(jìn)一步的研究以證實(shí)。
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《重慶醫(yī)學(xué)》對(duì)臨床研究論文醫(yī)學(xué)倫理學(xué)要求
凡投本刊的涉及人的生物醫(yī)學(xué)研究論文,作者應(yīng)說明所在用的試驗(yàn)程序是否經(jīng)過倫理審查委員會(huì)(單位性的、地區(qū)性的或國家性的)評(píng)估,注明批準(zhǔn)號(hào)。涉及患者(受試者)的應(yīng)簽訂知情同意書。
《重慶醫(yī)學(xué)》編輯部
Clinical significance of peripheral blood Th17 cells and their cytokines in tongue squamous cell carcinoma*
LiYanbo1,HeZhiliang1,SuDanni2,WangChengyang1,HeChenggong1,CaoLei1
(1.DepartmentofStomatology;2.OperationRoom,ChengdeMunicipalCentralHospital,Chengde,Hebei067000,China)
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of peripheral blood Th17 cells and their cytokines in the patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma.Methods Sixty-six cases of tongue squamous cell carcinoma in our hospital from January 2013 to January 2016 served as the research subjects and contemporaneous 42 volunteers undergoing healthy physical examination were selected as the control group.Peripheral blood was collected in all subjects.The proportion of peripheral blood Th17 cells was detected by flow cytometry.The IL-17,TGF-β and IL-6 cytokine levels were detected by ELISA.Results The proportion of peripheral blood Th17 cells,IL-17,TGF-β and IL-6 in the observation group and the control group were (1.46±0.41)%vs. (0.31±0.12)%,(123.36±21.20)pg/mLvs. (20.76±8.95)pg/mL,(215.80±21.52)pg/mLvs. (26.90±10.41)pg/mL,(17.32±8.02)pg/mLvs.(5.85±1.49)pg/mL respectively,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of peripheral blood Th17 cells,IL-17,TGF-β and IL-6 levels were increased with the increase of tongue squamous cell carcinoma clinical stage (P<0.01).The TGF-β level was positively correlated with the IL-17 level (r=0.626,P=0.021),the IL-6 level was positively correlated with the proportion of Th17 cells and IL-17 (r=0.626,0.597,P=0.021,0.034).Conclusion The increase of Th17 cells and IL-17 expression plays an important role in the development and progression of tongue squamous cell carcinoma,Th17 cells and IL-17 cytokine can become the important target spots of anti-tumor therapy.
tongue;carcinoma,squamous cell;Th17 cells;cytokines;clinical significance
??·臨床研究
10.3969/j.issn.1671-8348.2017.20.008
2013年承德市科學(xué)技術(shù)研究與發(fā)展計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2013201)。 作者簡介:李燕波(1983-),主治醫(yī)師,本科,主要從事口腔外科相關(guān)疾病診療研究。
R246
A
1671-8348(2017)20-2761-03
2017-02-03
2017-04-08)