郁菊香
【設(shè)計理念】
Unit 7 Summer holiday plans是譯林新版《英語》六下的內(nèi)容,其story time板塊主要講Miss Li和她的學(xué)生們在為即將到來的暑假進(jìn)行規(guī)劃的事。本課話題與學(xué)生的生活息息相關(guān),學(xué)生對此有著豐富的經(jīng)歷和體驗,他們學(xué)習(xí)的熱情和表達(dá)的欲望很容易被激發(fā)出來。
那么,如何讓學(xué)生在具有真實交流意義的語言活動中,真切地習(xí)得語言、真實地運(yùn)用語言、真正地生成語言,讓學(xué)生的綜合語言運(yùn)用真正發(fā)生呢?我在教學(xué)設(shè)計中有如下幾點思考。
1.以話題為中心,層層深入。
師生自由對話后,便直接進(jìn)入課題,通過談?wù)搶W(xué)生感興趣的暑假生活,拋出本課話題plans for summer holiday,進(jìn)入文本。通過提問、看圖說話、看動畫回答問題及略讀尋找細(xì)節(jié)信息等活動,可以讓學(xué)生逐步明確制訂計劃的要素,并逐漸形成自己的暑假計劃。在拓展部分,通過交流與采訪,學(xué)生形成自己的并了解朋友的暑假計劃。整個教學(xué)設(shè)計始終圍繞plan一詞展開,層層遞進(jìn),由文本中的計劃走向生活中的真實計劃。
2.以問題為主線,啟發(fā)思考。
一條清晰的教學(xué)主線,能讓課堂重點突出,條理分明,更重要的是能幫助學(xué)生形成有序的認(rèn)知形式,構(gòu)建知識體系。一般將來時的一般疑問句和特殊疑問句及其回答是本課的重點句型。教學(xué)伊始,教師通過詢問學(xué)生對暑假的初步打算,呈現(xiàn)疑問句What will you do?及其回答,為學(xué)生在進(jìn)入文本之后的看圖自主發(fā)問提供范例。While reading環(huán)節(jié)的教學(xué)就回答學(xué)生提出的問題次第展開,讓學(xué)生在豐富的語言學(xué)習(xí)活動和真實的語境中接觸、理解并操練、構(gòu)建語言。Post reading環(huán)節(jié),學(xué)生再次帶著問題向同伴發(fā)問,完成采訪任務(wù),并對別人的計劃提出自己的意見和建議。問題串起課堂,也讓學(xué)生真正地發(fā)展了英語思維能力。
3.以文本留白為契機(jī),生成語言。
文本中四個人物的暑假計劃并沒有面面俱到地呈現(xiàn),比如:我們只知Mike將回倫敦待一個月,Yang Ling將乘火車去北京拜訪叔叔阿姨等等。我首先通過What else will they do?進(jìn)行追問,讓學(xué)生調(diào)動知識儲備,開展合理想象。并在之后的復(fù)述環(huán)節(jié),讓學(xué)生為文中人物補(bǔ)充其他未知信息,從而使文中人物的計劃變得更加完善。另外,本篇文本的主題為暑假計劃,實際只談?wù)摿耸罴俚穆糜斡媱?,如果我的教學(xué)也僅涉及旅游計劃,未免局限,也與實際生活相脫離。因此,我在pre-reading環(huán)節(jié)讓學(xué)生談?wù)撟约阂酝氖罴偕?,最后通過What other plans will you make for summer holiday?的提問與前面遙相呼應(yīng),并引發(fā)學(xué)生思考,從而為自己制訂出更加豐富和真實的暑假計劃。
4.以多維資源為載體,拓寬視野。
本單元與前一單元一樣,都有著跨文化的視角,涉及北京、香港、臺北、倫敦等區(qū)域。我充分開發(fā)課程資源,以鮮活的圖片及視頻資料,構(gòu)建學(xué)生的立體感官體驗,引導(dǎo)其以更開闊的視野感知世界,發(fā)展跨文化意識。在發(fā)展學(xué)生語言能力的同時,實現(xiàn)“工具性”與“人文性”的統(tǒng)一。
基于以上思考,緊緊圍繞“讓學(xué)習(xí)真正發(fā)生”這一主題,我設(shè)計了Unit 7 Summer holiday plans第一課時的四個教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)。
【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】
1.掌握詞匯Hong Kong, Taipei, Ocean Park, Disneyland, how long, stay, go back to。
2.掌握句型Will you...?及其回答Yes, I will./No, I wont. Where/When/How Long/What/Who/How will you ...?及其回答Ill/Well...
3.能正確理解故事內(nèi)容,能用正確的語音、語調(diào)朗讀課文。
4.能用所學(xué)詞匯及句型談?wù)撟约旱氖钇谟媱潯?/p>
【教學(xué)活動及意圖】
Step 1 Pre-reading.
T:What will we learn today, do you know?(示意學(xué)生看課題)
T:Do you like summer holiday?What do you do in your summer holidays?
T:This summer holiday will be the last one of your primary school life. Do you have a plan for it?
S:Yes/No.
T:When we talk about plans for the future, we can use...
S:Be going to/will.(板書will)
T:So what will you do this summer holiday?
【開門見山,直接導(dǎo)入課題,讓學(xué)生調(diào)動生活體驗說一說平時的暑假生活,展望小學(xué)階段最后一個暑假,同時順利引出一般將來時句型。】
T:I can see that some of you like travelling. (板書travelling) I think thats a good idea. I have a friend, he likes travelling in his summer holidays too.Lets have a look.(播放視頻)
T:Is the world big?Will you go and have a look in this summer holiday?
T:Before we go, we should make plans.(板書plans)
【從學(xué)生的回答中提煉出travelling主題,拉近學(xué)生與課文內(nèi)容的距離,并為拓展部分埋下伏筆;讓學(xué)生觀看身邊人物環(huán)游世界的視頻,感受世界之廣闊,激發(fā)學(xué)生去旅游的欲望,從而引出中心話題plans,并順利導(dǎo)入課文的學(xué)習(xí)?!?/p>
Step 2 While reading
T:First, we will learn from our old friends...(貼四個人物圖片)
T:They are talking about their plans for the summer holiday.So,do you have any questions about their plans?
T:You can use some sentences like“What will they do?” to ask questions.(在will旁板書What)
(根據(jù)學(xué)生提問,在will旁相應(yīng)板書where /when/ who/ how/ how long)
T:You can also ask like this:Will...?(板書Will...?)
T:You can ask very good questions. Now lets try to answer them.
【教師給出提問范例,讓學(xué)生圍繞話題自由提問,這不僅能讓學(xué)生在具有真實交流意義的情境中操練句型,還能為下面的學(xué)習(xí)——回答這些問題,埋下伏筆?!?/p>
T:The first question is“Where will they go?”Look at this picture. Where will Mike go for the holiday,can you guess?
T:How do you know?
T:Why do we say “go back to”?
T:How about Yang Ling?
T:How do you know?
PPT出示文中第二幅圖
T:Where will Su Hai and Liu Tao go? Lets listen to their dialogue and find out.
T:Do you know Hong Kong/Taipei?
T:Lets watch a video about Hong Kong.
T:How is the city? Will you go to Hong Kong some day?
教師介紹臺北,PPT呈現(xiàn)圖片。
T:Can we answer the first question now?
【教師通過看圖、聽錄音、視頻欣賞、圖文介紹等方式,為學(xué)生拓展獲取信息的渠道,構(gòu)建立體感官體驗?!?/p>
T:Then, what will they do there? Lets watch the cartoon and find.
T:Maybe we can start from Yang Ling. What will she do in Beijing?
S:She will visit her aunt and uncle.
T:What will Su Hai do in Hong Kong?
S:She will go to Disneyland and Ocean Park.
T:Whats in Disneyland and Ocean Park?
T:So, what will they do there?Can you guess?
T:What about Mike and Liu Tao?Look at the picture. Can you guess?
T:How do you know?
T:Will they only do that?What else will they do, can you guess?
【教師帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生梳理問題,透過課文字面找尋答案,并通過追問將話輪引向縱深。前一環(huán)節(jié)了解的城市信息,在這里成了學(xué)生發(fā)揮想象的素材,并為之后的復(fù)述做了鋪墊,環(huán)環(huán)相扣。】
T:Boys and girls, we still have some questions here.Lets read and find in our books.
S:Mike will stay in London for a month.
Yang Ling will go to Beijing by train.
Su Hai will go to Hong Kong with her family.
Liu Tao will go to Taipei with his parents.(相機(jī)板書相應(yīng)詞組)
【在上一環(huán)節(jié)教師帶領(lǐng)進(jìn)行精讀的基礎(chǔ)上,教師教給學(xué)生閱讀的技巧,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生帶著問題尋讀,實現(xiàn)從扶到放的轉(zhuǎn)變?!?/p>
T:Its reading time. Please read loudly, and pay attention to your pronunciation, intonation and stress.
T:We know about their plans now. But we still have some questions: How will Mike go? Who will go with him?Do you know from the dialogue?
S:No.
T:But we can guess.
PPT呈現(xiàn)learning tips,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生運(yùn)用I think/I guess/Maybe...等句型,并發(fā)揮想象力。
T:Now use the notes on the blackboard and your imagination to talk about their plans.
學(xué)生小組合作并復(fù)述。
【就文本留白處,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生發(fā)揮想象力將未知信息補(bǔ)充完整,激發(fā)學(xué)生思考,拓寬語言輸出的寬度,切實發(fā)展學(xué)生用英語思維的能力?!?/p>
Step 3 Post reading
T:After learning about their plans of travelling,do you have plans for your holidays?
S1: ...
T:Talk about your plan with one of your friend. Ask questions to get to know his/her plan. You can take notes on your paper.
學(xué)生小組合作討論
T talks with S1.
T:Who can come here and talk about your friends plan?
S:...
T:Do you have any questions or suggestions for this plan?
S:...
T:I have a plan for my summer holiday too. S1 will talk about it.
S1: ...
T:Do you have any questions or suggestions for me?
S:...
【在了解文本人物的暑假計劃之后,學(xué)生對制訂自己的計劃躍躍欲試。一對一的采訪交流活動,讓學(xué)生鞏固了本課的目標(biāo)句型;講述別人的計劃,進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)了學(xué)生提煉語篇的能力;對別人的計劃提出問題和建議,讓情境更顯真實,交流更富意義,也讓問題這一主線貫穿始終。】
Step 4 Summary
T:What do you learn from this class?
T:Yes, we learn how to make plans for summer holiday, actually for travelling. What other plans will you make for this summer holiday?
T:Maybe you can talk about the other plans with your teacher next time.
So make good plans and enjoy your summer holiday.
【總結(jié)環(huán)節(jié),讓學(xué)生自主回顧課上所學(xué),并再次聯(lián)系實際生活引發(fā)學(xué)生思考,讓學(xué)生帶著問題走進(jìn)課堂,再帶著新問題走出課堂,使本課言盡而意未盡?!?/p>
(作者單位:江蘇省南通市經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開發(fā)區(qū)實驗小學(xué))