羅明迪

并列句就是含有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的獨(dú)立的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)或簡單句的句子。各個(gè)分句地位相等、形式平等且互不依存，但意義往往有所關(guān)聯(lián)。

并列句是一種比較容易掌握的句型，即用并列連詞或副詞把幾個(gè)簡單句連接起來，并列句使用得當(dāng)既可豐富句式，又能增加行文的亮點(diǎn)。文中使用并列句是一種簡單、不易出錯(cuò)且行之有效的表達(dá)方式。對(duì)并列句，要求掌握并列連詞和副詞，并能根據(jù)句子間的邏輯關(guān)系正確選擇使用。

[并列連詞及短語 ]

1. 并列連詞：and，but，or，nor，for等。

I really feel I am doing something worthwhile and I am having a great time doing it. 我的確感到我是在做一件值得做的事， 而且我做得相當(dāng)開心。

Information technology is taught in most schools， for we have entered the information society. 信息技術(shù)在大多數(shù)學(xué)校開設(shè)，因?yàn)槲覀円呀?jīng)進(jìn)入信息社會(huì)。

They cannot afford to consult a doctor or purchase medicines from a chemist when they get sick， nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet. 他們生病時(shí)既看不起病也買不起藥，而且他們也無法保證孩子們提供健康的飲食。

Not all the new companies can succeed， but the spirit and creativity they represent are more important than money. 并非所有的新公司都能成功，但他們所代表的那種精神和創(chuàng)造力卻比金錢更重要。

2. 關(guān)聯(lián)并列連詞：not only ... but also ...，both ... and ...，neither ... nor ...，either. .. or ...等。

Sports not only keep a man in health， but they （also） give him team spirit. 運(yùn)動(dòng)不僅可以使人保持健康，而且培養(yǎng)人的團(tuán)隊(duì)精神。

Both you and I must lend him a hand， both for his sake and for ours. 你我兩個(gè)人都得幫忙，這是為了他，也是為了我自己。

Many people talk， not because they have anything to say， but for the mere love of talking. 很多人說話并不是因?yàn)橛性捯f，而只是因?yàn)閻壅f話而已。

Neither do I know his address， nor do my parents. 我不知道他的地址，我父母也不知道。

3. 連接副詞：so，yet，still，then，however，besides， therefore，moreover，otherwise，hence，nevertheless，accordingly，consequently，whereupon，neither等。

Education is essential to poverty relief， so Lin Yings work is making a big difference to the childrens future. 教育是脫貧的根本，因此林穎的工作對(duì)孩子們的未來有著重大影響。

Everything is OK so far， therefore we are confident that the work will be finished on time. 到目前為止一切都很順利，因此我們有信心按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。

The composition is all right， however， there is room for improvement. 這篇作文還不錯(cuò)，不過還得改進(jìn)。

These birds are very rare and therefore protected by law. 這類鳥很稀少，因此受到法律保護(hù)。

[并列句的句型]

1. S-V-O-A[and/ foror/ sobut]S-V-O-A

People have been playing the blues for many years， but the music has kept many of its characteristics. 多年來人們一直在演奏布魯斯，但這種音樂仍保留有它的許多特征。

The leaves of the trees are falling， for its already autumn. 樹葉在落，秋天已經(jīng)到來了。

Lawrence failed to appear， so we went on without him. 勞倫斯沒有來，因此我們不管他繼續(xù)走。

2. S-V-O-A[while （然而）when （這時(shí)）]S-V-O-A

One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes. 一天，查克飛越太平洋時(shí)，他的飛機(jī)突然墜落。

New Zealand is an important agricultural country， with cattle farming on the North Island， while the hilly South Island has more sheep farms. 新西蘭是一個(gè)重要的農(nóng)業(yè)國，北島有養(yǎng)牛業(yè)，多山的南島則有較多的牧羊場。

3. [neithereithernot only]S-V-O[nororbut]S-V-O-A

Either you leave this house or Ill call the police. 要么你離開房子，要么我叫警察。

First， not only target fish are caught in the net， but many other sea animals are found hanging there. 首先，網(wǎng)里不但抓住了想捕的魚，而且也抓住了許多別的海洋動(dòng)物。

Not only do I respect my parents， but I also try to live up their expectations. 我不僅尊重父母，而且盡力不辜負(fù)他們的期望。

4. S-V-O-A[howeverthereforeotherwisebesidesmoreover]S-V-O-A

The first part of the voyage was very calm， and however the rest was full of adventures. 航行一開始還風(fēng)平浪靜，可后來充滿了驚險(xiǎn)。

Hunk has done very good work for society， and therefore he deserves great praise. 漢克為社會(huì)做過非常好的事情，所以應(yīng)該受到表揚(yáng)。

要說明的是，并不是所有的并列句都有完整的句子成分，并列連詞后的簡單句如果與其前的簡單句有相同的部分，則相同的部分常可省略。由so，nor，neither連接的并列句，后一簡單句為避免重復(fù)，其成分常倒裝并省略一些。使用并列副詞時(shí)要注意副詞不能用來直接銜接兩個(gè)句子，因此這些副詞前面的第一句句末應(yīng)用句號(hào)或分號(hào)，而且后面接第二句之前，須先用逗號(hào)隔開，或者兩個(gè)句子之間用and連接。

[練習(xí)]

閱讀下列各題，根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示，用句末括號(hào)內(nèi)的英語單詞完成句子。

1. I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone （已做了） it. Was it you？ （do）

2. —Has LiLei finished his work today？

—I have no idea， but he （做實(shí)驗(yàn)） when I saw him this morning. （conduct）

3. （遭遇交通堵塞） while you are hurrying to the airport is quite an unpleasant experience. （trap）

4. The parents suggested （睡） in the hotel room but the kids were anxious to camp out during the trip. （sleep）

5. He may not come today， （如果是那樣的話） there is no need to wait any longer. （case）

6. —Why didnt you tell her about the meeting？

—She rushed out of the room （我還沒來得及說什么）. （before）

7. I have two hats but （對(duì)我都不合適）. （fit）

8. We could have visited the main Olympic Stadium， but we spent （太多的時(shí)間游玩周圍）. （travel）

[參考答案]

1. had done

2. was conducting an experiment

3. Being trapped in a traffic jam

4. sleeping

5. in which case

6. before I could say anything

7. neither fits me properly

8. too much time traveling around