劉越峰,羅衛(wèi)民,張勇,鐘曉東
(湖北醫(yī)藥學(xué)院附屬十堰市太和醫(yī)院,湖北十堰 442000)
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二烯丙基二硫?qū)σ暰W(wǎng)膜母細(xì)胞瘤Y79細(xì)胞生長、侵襲的影響及機(jī)制探討
劉越峰,羅衛(wèi)民,張勇,鐘曉東
(湖北醫(yī)藥學(xué)院附屬十堰市太和醫(yī)院,湖北十堰 442000)
摘要:目的觀察二烯丙基二硫(DADS)對視網(wǎng)膜母細(xì)胞瘤Y79細(xì)胞生長、侵襲的影響,并探討其機(jī)制。方法培養(yǎng)人視網(wǎng)膜母細(xì)胞瘤Y79細(xì)胞,分為miRNA陰性對照組(轉(zhuǎn)染40 μmol/L scramble)、miR-222M組(轉(zhuǎn)染40 μmol/L miR-222-mimics)、DADS陰性對照組(加入10 μmol/L DMSO)、DADS組(加入200 μmol/L DADS)、DADS+miR-222I組(轉(zhuǎn)染40 μmol/L miR-200b-inhibitors和200 μmol/L DADS)。采用qRT-PCR法檢測不同濃度DADS處理的Y79細(xì)胞中的miR-222,采用MTT法和Transwell侵襲實驗分別檢測各組細(xì)胞增殖和侵襲情況。結(jié)果0、25、50、100、200和400 μmol/L不同濃度的DADS處理的Y79細(xì)胞中的miR-222相對表達(dá)量分別為2.823±0.250、2.343±0.226、1.955±0.267、1.567±0.096、0.875±0.189、0.718±0.126。miRNA陰性對照組、miR-222M組、DADS陰性對照組、DADS組、DADS+miR-222I組Y79細(xì)胞OD570值分別為0.727±0.167、0.949±0.070、0.712±0.178、0.497±0.126、0.351±0.102,Transwell穿膜細(xì)胞數(shù)分別為128±8、179±16、127±12、76±8、45±14,miR-222M組、DADS組、DADS+miR-222I組分別與miRNA陰性對照組、DADS陰性對照組比較,DADS組與DADS+miR-222I組比較,P均<0.05。結(jié)論 DADS通過下調(diào)miR-222的表達(dá)抑制視網(wǎng)膜母細(xì)胞瘤Y79細(xì)胞的生長與侵襲。
關(guān)鍵詞:視網(wǎng)膜母細(xì)胞瘤;微小RNA 222;二烯丙基二硫;細(xì)胞增殖;細(xì)胞侵襲
二烯丙基二硫(DADS)為一種從大蒜中提取的天然有機(jī)硫化物。研究[1~6]表明DADS對多種腫瘤具有明顯的抑制作用,如胃癌、白血病、肺癌、乳腺癌等。DADS具體的抑癌機(jī)制與其能夠抑制DNA加合物及活性氧的形成、激活解毒致癌物的代謝酶、誘導(dǎo)腫瘤細(xì)胞凋亡、阻滯細(xì)胞周期等相關(guān)[7]。研究[8,9]發(fā)現(xiàn),DADS能夠通過上調(diào)miR-200b和miR-22的表達(dá),抑制胃癌細(xì)胞的增殖及誘導(dǎo)凋亡。miRNA-222在乳腺癌、胰腺癌、結(jié)腸癌、膀胱癌和膠質(zhì)母細(xì)胞瘤等多種腫瘤中高表達(dá)[10,11],可能是潛在的致癌因子。本研究觀察了DADS對視網(wǎng)膜母細(xì)胞瘤Y79細(xì)胞生長與侵襲的影響,并進(jìn)一步探討其可能的機(jī)制。
1材料與方法
1.1材料Lipofectamine2000(Invitrogen公司,美國);MTT(Sigma公司,美國);Transwell小室(BD公司,美國);miR-222 mimics、scramble和miR-222 inhibitor(Exiqon公司,丹麥);RNA抽提試劑盒(Applied Biosystems公司,美國)。
1.2細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)人視網(wǎng)膜母細(xì)胞瘤Y79細(xì)胞(購自上海細(xì)胞研究所)培養(yǎng)于含10%新生胎牛血清的DMEM培養(yǎng)基中,37 ℃、5% CO2飽和濕度條件下傳代培養(yǎng),每1~2 d更換1次培養(yǎng)基,取對數(shù)生長期的細(xì)胞用于本實驗。
1.3細(xì)胞的DADS處理與分組將Y79細(xì)胞按1×104/孔的密度接種于6孔板。同時將相應(yīng)miRNA分別與Lipofectamine2000結(jié)合后,轉(zhuǎn)染Y79細(xì)胞。轉(zhuǎn)染48 h后,收集細(xì)胞。實驗共分為miRNA陰性對照組(轉(zhuǎn)染40 μmol/L scramble)、miR-222M組(轉(zhuǎn)染40 μmol/L miR-222-mimics)、DADS陰性對照組(加入10 μmol/L DMSO)、DADS組(加入200 μmol/L DADS)、DADS+miR-222I組(轉(zhuǎn)染40 μmol/L miR-200b-inhibitors和200 μmol/L DADS)5組。
1.4細(xì)胞miR-222檢測方法采用qRT-PCR方法。用0、25、50、100、200和400 μmol/L不同濃度的DADS分別處理Y79細(xì)胞48 h。首先提取總RNA,逆轉(zhuǎn)錄cDNA,PCR反應(yīng)體系擴(kuò)增。20 μL反應(yīng)體系中包括Taq DNA polymerase 0.2 μL(5 U/μL),MiR-PCR primers 0.4 μL (5 μmol/L),2×SYBR Mix 10 μL,miRNA RT product 2.0 μL和滅菌蒸餾水7.4 μL。其循環(huán)體系為95 ℃、3 min,95 ℃、12 s,62 ℃、35 s以及72 ℃、30 s,共35個循環(huán)。反應(yīng)體系以U6作為內(nèi)參,采用2-ΔΔCT法分析miR-222相對表達(dá)量。
1.5細(xì)胞增殖情況觀察采用MTT法。取1×103/孔對數(shù)生長期的各組細(xì)胞,用0.25%胰酶-EDTA消化,接種于96孔培養(yǎng)板,每組設(shè)5個復(fù)孔。細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)臨近飽和時,在每個時間點每孔加入5 g/L的MTT液20 μL,繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)4 h。吸出孔內(nèi)培養(yǎng)液后,每孔加入150 μL DMSO液,酶標(biāo)儀檢測各孔OD570值,以O(shè)D值表示細(xì)胞增殖情況,每組實驗重復(fù)3次,取平均值。
1.6細(xì)胞侵襲檢測方法采用Transwell小室法。細(xì)胞分組同1.3,鋪加適量的基質(zhì)膠稀釋液在Transwell小室中,過夜成膜后,取出100 μL(1×105cells/mL)的細(xì)胞稀釋液接種到Transwell小室的上腔,在下腔中加入500 μL含10% FBS(胎牛血清)的RPMI1640培養(yǎng)液,放置到37 ℃、5% CO2的細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)箱中培養(yǎng)36 h后取出,將小室上層的細(xì)胞用棉簽擦棄,PBS緩沖液清洗,4%多聚甲醛固定,并用結(jié)晶祡染色,隨后PBS緩沖液清洗,倒置并晾干。在光學(xué)顯微鏡下觀察并攝像,隨機(jī)選取4個高倍視野來進(jìn)行細(xì)胞計數(shù),取平均值,每組實驗重復(fù)3次。
2結(jié)果
0、25、50、100、200和400 μmol/L不同濃度的DADS處理的Y79細(xì)胞中的miR-222相對表達(dá)量分別為2.823±0.250、2.343±0.226、1.955±0.267、1.567±0.096、0.875±0.189、0.718±0.126,后四種濃度與0 μmol/L的DADS比較,P<0.05或<0.01。各組Y79細(xì)胞增殖、細(xì)胞侵襲情況比較見表1。
表1 各組Y79細(xì)胞增殖、細(xì)胞侵襲情況比較±s)
注:與miRNA陰性對照組和DADS陰性對照組相比,*P<0.05,ΔP<0.01;與DADS組相比,#P<0.05。
3討論
視網(wǎng)膜母細(xì)胞瘤是常發(fā)病于兒童的眼部腫瘤,由于患兒年齡小,大多患者就診時已經(jīng)發(fā)生了侵襲或者轉(zhuǎn)移,而視網(wǎng)膜母細(xì)胞瘤發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)移或侵襲時治療效果不佳[12,13]。傳統(tǒng)的治療方法包括眼球摘除手術(shù)、冷凍或溫?zé)嶂委?、放射或化學(xué)治療、光動力學(xué)治療、光凝固治療等。傳統(tǒng)的治療方法存在較大的不良反應(yīng),治療效果有限,且眼球摘除手術(shù)會永久性失去視力。因此,開發(fā)安全高效低毒便捷的抗癌藥物成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急。
miRNA是一類長度為19~25個核苷酸的內(nèi)源性單鏈非編碼RNA分子,miRNA通過與其靶基因的3′-非編碼區(qū)完全或不完全配對,使翻譯抑制或靶mRNA降解,在轉(zhuǎn)錄后水平對靶基因的表達(dá)進(jìn)行調(diào)控[8]。通過這種方式,miRNA可以對細(xì)胞的增殖、分裂、分化和調(diào)亡等進(jìn)行調(diào)控,在腫瘤的發(fā)生及發(fā)展過程中發(fā)揮重要的作用。據(jù)報道,DADS可呈時間和劑量依賴性地抑制胃癌細(xì)胞的增殖和侵襲,通過miRNA芯片技術(shù),篩選出DADS處理后的人胃癌細(xì)胞中差異表達(dá)的miRNA,分別經(jīng)DADS處理較經(jīng)DMSO對照處理的胃癌細(xì)胞中miR-222的表達(dá)下調(diào)[9]。本研究從miRNA層面來探討DADS的抑瘤機(jī)制,我們用不同濃度的DADS處理Y79細(xì)胞,提取總RNA后檢測miR-222的表達(dá)量,結(jié)果顯示隨著DADS劑量的增加,視網(wǎng)膜母細(xì)胞瘤Y79細(xì)胞中miR-222的表達(dá)量逐漸降低,即DADS可下調(diào)Y79細(xì)胞中miR-222的表達(dá)水平,并且呈劑量依賴性關(guān)系。且本研究結(jié)果顯示,DADS處理的細(xì)胞的增殖能力明顯降低,miR-222抑制劑和DADS共同處理的細(xì)胞的增殖能力降低最為顯著,即DADS能夠通過下調(diào)miR-222抑制Y79細(xì)胞增殖。且DADS處理的細(xì)胞穿膜數(shù)明顯減少,miR-22抑制劑和DADS共同處理的細(xì)胞穿膜數(shù)減少最為顯著,即DADS能夠通過下調(diào)miR-222抑制Y79細(xì)胞侵襲。提示DADS可通過下調(diào)miR-222的表達(dá)水平來抑制視網(wǎng)膜母細(xì)胞瘤細(xì)胞的生長與侵襲。
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Effects of diallyl disulfide on proliferation and invasion of
retinoblastoma cells Y79 and the mechanism
LIUYue-feng,LUOWei-min,ZHANGYong,ZHONGXiao-dong
(1TaiheHospitalofShiyanAffiliatedtoHubeiUniversityofMedicine,Shiyan442000,China)
Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of diallyl disulfide (DADS) on proliferation and invasion of retinoblastoma cells Y79 and to investigate the mechanism. MethodsThe retinoblastoma cells Y79 were cultured and divided into the miRNA negative control group (tansfected by 40 μmol/L scramble), miR-222 group (tansfected by 40 μmol/L miR-222-mimics), DADS negative control group (added with 10 μmol/L DMSO) and DADS group (added with 200 μmol/L DADS) and DADS +miR-222I group (transfected by 40 μmol/L miR-200b-inhibitors+200 μmol/L DADS).
十堰市科學(xué)技術(shù)研究與開發(fā)項目計劃(14Y40)。
The expression of miR-222 treated by different concentrations of DADS in Y79 cells was detected by qRT-PCR. The proliferation and invasion of retinoblastoma cells Y79 in vitro were determined with MTT and Transwell invasion assay. ResultsThe miR-222 expression of Y79 cells treated with 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 μmol/L DADS was 2.823±0.250, 2.343±0.226, 1.955±0.267, 1.567±0.096, 0.875±0.189 and 0.718±0.126, respectively. The OD570of miR-222 was respectively 0.727±0.167, 0.949±0.070, 0.712±0.178, 0.497±0.126 and 0.351±0.102 in the miRNA negative control group, miR-222M group, DADS negative control group, DADS group and DADS+miR-222I group. Transwell invasion assay results showed that the number of cells permeating the matrigel significantly decreased to 128±8, 179±16, 127±12, 76±8 and 45±14. Significant difference was respectively found between the miR-222M group, DADS group, DADS+miR-222I group and the miRNA negative control group and DADS negative control group (allP<0. 05).ConclusionDADS can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of retinoblastoma cells Y79 by down-regulating the expression of miR-222.
Key words:retinoblastoma; microRNA-222; diallyl disulfide; cell proliferation; cell invasion
收稿日期:(2015-09-06)
通信作者:羅衛(wèi)民
基金項目:湖北省教育廳科學(xué)研究計劃指導(dǎo)性項目(B2015477);
中圖分類號:R739.7
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A
文章編號:1002-266X(2015)47-0033-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-266X.2015.47.012