建筑設(shè)計：科斯塔斯·佐維洛斯，卡斯阿尼·特奧多拉卡寇

Architects : Kostas Zouvelos, Kassiani Theodorakakou

泰納龍藍色寓所，馬尼，希臘

Tainaron Blue Retreat, Mani, Greece, 2014

建筑設(shè)計：科斯塔斯·佐維洛斯，卡斯阿尼·特奧多拉卡寇

Architects : Kostas Zouvelos, Kassiani Theodorakakou

高聳的棱形塔樓威嚴壯麗，體現(xiàn)了馬尼地區(qū)建筑最原始而純粹的特色。這種被稱為“xemonia”的建筑通常設(shè)于人口聚集區(qū)的外圍，用以保衛(wèi)和擴張領(lǐng)地——高塔在起到監(jiān)控、發(fā)現(xiàn)或驅(qū)逐敵人作用的同時，也將來自聚集區(qū)的行政震懾力傳遞到新的領(lǐng)地中去。

泰納龍藍色寓所正是典型的這種希臘南部傳統(tǒng)xemonia建筑。塔樓的部分現(xiàn)在被改建成了一座小旅舍，它的對面是一座過去也曾是堅固防御設(shè)施的類似建筑物。兩座建筑一起凌駕于通往泰納龍的道路之上。其中塔樓建造在被稱為“rizomies”的堅硬巖石上，占據(jù)了戰(zhàn)略要地，為同時俯瞰海面和腹地提供了絕佳的視點。

這一傳統(tǒng)建筑的修復工作解決了從外觀上體現(xiàn)古老石材材質(zhì)的問題，讓整修后的塔樓給人以從基地的地面生長出來的印象。建筑內(nèi)外的抹面都使用了真正的羅馬式砂漿“kourasani”（Theraic地區(qū)的泥土、陶瓷粉、石灰和一種特殊顏色的河沙的混合物）以及極少量的水泥，這種面層能夠加強磚石的穩(wěn)定性和耐久度。

而要將一座高塔轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榭头恳残枰朔罅康睦щy。其中最主要的難點在于需要讓設(shè)計在高度體現(xiàn)當?shù)亟ㄖ厣耐瑫r，也創(chuàng)造出能滿足當代審美情趣的居住用房。建筑共有4層，每層的室內(nèi)面積都非常有限，新設(shè)計將其改為了3套帶浴室并能共享廚房的客房，以及一個公共的用于接待和吃早餐的空間。各空間之間通過垂直交通聯(lián)系，讓賓客們能體驗在狹窄的出入口（“瀑布”）、木樓梯或是墻上和拱門上伸出的石頭臺階（踏步）間穿梭的獨特感受。

為了盡量減少對建筑外部空間的干擾，場地環(huán)境的設(shè)計遵從了周邊原有的景觀地形，并增加了一片水面，形成建筑與場地間均衡而統(tǒng)一的組合，從而兼具整體感和特色。□（司馬蕾 譯）

項目信息/Credits and Data

場地面積/Site Area: 1103m2

建筑面積/Floor Area: 191m2

材料/Materials: 石頭，木材，鐵/Stone, wood, iron

造價/Cost: € 500,000

設(shè)計時間/Design Period: 2008 -2010

攝影/Photos: George Meitner

1 遠景/Distant view

The towers, imposing like tall and narrow prisms, are the most stubborn and absolute expression of Mani architecture. On the outskirts of the settlements, the "xemonia" (fortified houses) were erected in order to defend or expand the land property. They served not only to control, exclude or drive out the opponents, but also to transfer the pressure from the main settlement to new territories.

Tainaron Blue Retreat is a representative example of traditional xemonia of the South. The tower – now transformed into a small guest house –faces toward a similar structure, which had also been a strong fortified complex. Together, they controlled the road to the area around Tainaron. The military tower is built on solid ground and rocks known as "rizomies", at a strategic spot that offers an amazing view of the sea and the hinterland.

The restoration of the traditional building solved form issues in relation to the old texture of the masonry, so that the final look of the tower gives the impression of a building that emerges from the rock, upon which it is founded. Both interior and exterior grouting were done with real "kourasani" or Roman mortar (a combination of Theraic soil, ceramic powder, lime and a special shade of river sand) and minimum amount of cement, which enhances the static performance of the masonry and ensures durability.

The conversion of the tower into a guest house had to overcome considerable difficulties, which involved the need for a high degree of adaptation to the specific characteristics of the regional architecture, and at the same time the demand for accommodation with modern aesthetic sense. The four floors, with relatively limited interior spaces comprising three en-suite bedrooms, a shared kitchen and a breakfast and reception area, are organized along a vertical axis, allowing guests to have the unique experience of moving through narrow openings ("waterfalls"), wooden stairs or rocks protruding from the walls and arches ("steps").

As the formation of the exterior spaces had to ensure minimum interference, a water surface area was added to adapt to the specific environment and the topography of the landscape, thus resulting in a consistent set of buildings and spaces with intensity and character.□

2-4 改造中/Under construction

5 平面/Floor 0 plan

6.7 外景/Exterior view

8 剖面/Sections

9 外景/Exterior view

10 新建泳池/Swimming pool

評論

李華：泰納龍藍色寓所是座迷人的酒店，古樸、粗糲的包裹，現(xiàn)代、簡潔的室內(nèi)，有品位、有情調(diào)，加之歷史的敘事與周圍的環(huán)境，毫無疑問會受到眾多旅游者的喜愛。從建筑評論的角度看，最有意思的問題是評論的出發(fā)點是什么：是從保護的角度看，還是從設(shè)計的角度看？就目前手上的資料，我更傾向于將它看成是一個有著特殊限定條件的設(shè)計，也因此，其核心問題是，除卻歷史建筑保護利用中普遍性的方法與手法高低的判斷，其特別之處在哪里？或者說，其特定的條件在多大程度上構(gòu)筑了這座建筑的特色，既在理念上，也在物質(zhì)層面和體驗上？

Comments

LI Hua: Tainaron Blue Retreat is a charming hotel, with a rough and primitive exterior as well as a modern and simple interior. Historical narratives and the surrounding environment add to its unique taste and charm, which will no doubt become popular among tourists. With regards to an architectural review, I should first ask what is the purpose of a professional evaluation: should the building be reviewed from a perspective of protection or design? Based on the resources that I have available, I tend to view the design as a response to several unique constraints. Consequently, the core question becomes, what makes this building special, besides its standard method, its technical approach to the conservation of historic resources, and its utilization? Or, to what extent does the building's unique constrained conditions shape its features, in terms of concept as well as its spatial qualities and experience?

褚冬竹：封閉與遼闊、高聳與水平、粗糙與光潔、歷史與當下、暖黃與蔚藍……這個項目蘊含了太多的對比和反差，讓一座古舊樸拙的瞭望塔成功轉(zhuǎn)型為現(xiàn)代酒店。建筑師在建筑外觀和環(huán)境改造上極度克制，除了最基本的增添，幾乎原貌保留。3套客房被巧妙地“收納”進了這個并非以“舒適”為初衷的狹小空間中。試想，躲在原本監(jiān)控敵情的窄小窗洞背后享受無邊美景，那是一種怎樣的反差和奇妙的感受！舊建筑改造得以成功的原因，就是讀懂了那顆被改造的“心”。這個設(shè)計做到了。

CHU Dongzhu: Closed but wide, vertical but horizontal, rough but clean, historical but contemporary, warm yellows and clear blues…This project, in which an ancient and primitive watchtower has been successfully transformed into a modern hotel, contains many contrasting elements and contradictions. The architect has exercised extreme restraint on the building and its environment, in order to conserve most of the original forms and conduct only the most basic modifications. Three suites are "collected" into a narrow space that was not originally designed for the purposes of "comfort". Imagine this contrast, and the wonderful feeling one would have while viewing the beautiful scenery from the small window, originally designed for surveillance of an enemy. A perfect rehabilitation of an old building can be realized when the architect totally understands the "heart" of the building in question. In this sense, this design has achieved that level of understanding.

11.12 內(nèi)景/Interior view