張振娟

【Abstract】Many learners have made researches on animal words. Because animals have been keeping a good relationship with human beings since the human were born. So animals are important in daily life， they are also used in many works to express the Authors thoughts.

【Key words】literary works daily life

Many learners from China and foreign countries have made many researches on animal words， because animals always keep a close relation with human beings. Their importance reflects not only in our daily life， but also in literary works.

After people evolve rhythmically， the animal is always the unlucky one， no matter how the society progresses， there remain the slander of womens chastity and virginity. Animal words bear the responsibility of this to the woman most deadly. Certainly till now such a task had never let “the lion， the tiger” carry out. In Spanish”cabritto” means”the vertical woman， the promiscuous one” and it is tortoise， when it is put into the food market， but we are willing to call long-lived men this word. Another kind of animal with quite high frequency of utilization is “cow”， which in English might not mean one that produces milk， but “ 這個婆娘”。 If Italian wants to abuse women， they call them “cagna”， and it will generally attack the others “style issue” too.

British nationality love dog， this love not only reflects in daily life， it also reflects among legend， classical works， literary works and the other books. （1） Ancient Greece

Hero Ulysses has a famous dog Argos， which recognizes its own host after coming back Troy， and died in gladness. （2） The love dog boatswain of Byron， famous poet of Britain， was buried in a church， Byron has written the epitaph for it.（3） Prose master of British， Charles lamb has one bark “dash”.（4） British scientist sir Isaac Newton has a lovely dog called “diamond”.（ 楊自檢2000：：121-122）

Two novels describing animals “The Call of the Wild”（Jack London1903） with “White Teeth”（ibid 1906） are considered as remarkable works. “The Call of the Wild” describes a dog “Barker” struggles with one herd of dogs， it then escapes into the virgin forest and turned into a wolf. “White Teeth” describes a wolf overcomes wild nature under its owners training， kills the owners enemy finally， and has saved the hosts life. These two novels have described animals， which displayed enormous courage in the struggle to protect someone， and eliminate the enemy. “Sea Wolf”（Jack London 1904） reveals one Superman of Nietzsche type， the work is full of cruelty and egoism of brutish nature.

In renaissance period， Italian great poet Dante Alighieri in the overture of Divine Comedy wrote： when he was 35 years old， the midway of life， he was lost in a stretch of dark forest. When he was trying to climb a beautiful mountain peak， suddenly three wild animals –the leopard， lion， and wolf appeared， stopped the outlet. The poem reflects the social contradiction of Italy at that time with these three animals， condemns the greedy arbitrariness of the pope and monk. Leopard among them signifies excessive want， wolf signifies greed， and the lion symbolizes the power and arrogance.

So all in all， as the deep relation between we human beings and animals ， we use animal words in our daily life frequently. Also in many works， when the writer wants to describe a kind of person， he uses a certain kind of animal. So the importance of animal can be seen clearly. And the research of animal words in life and works will be going on.