重點(diǎn)詞匯及短語(yǔ)精析

1. across prep. 橫過(guò)；穿過(guò)；在……對(duì)面

Walk across the street. And you can take the subway at the corner on the right.

穿過(guò)馬路，你可以在右邊街角處乘坐地鐵。

注意：

不要將across誤用作動(dòng)詞。

The river is too deep and we can’t across.（誤）

The river is too deep and we can’t cross.（正）

【拓展】

（1） across作為副詞意為“朝，向；寬”。

She rose from the chair and gazed across at him.

她從椅子上站起身，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地看著他。

（2） come （run） across意為“偶然遇見；意外發(fā)現(xiàn)”，不用于被動(dòng)式。

Where did you come （run） across her？

你在哪兒碰到她的？

I’ve just come across a beautiful poem in this book.

我在這本書里偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一首優(yōu)美的詩(shī)。

2. face v. 面對(duì)，面向；面臨；承認(rèn)；正視現(xiàn)實(shí)

We all face the same challenge together.

我們大家都面對(duì)共同的挑戰(zhàn)。

But， let’s face it； the progress has not been fast enough.

但我們需要承認(rèn)，進(jìn)步的速度還不夠快。

【拓展】

（be） faced with... 面對(duì)，面臨

Faced with the evidence， he confessed himself guilty.

面對(duì)證據(jù)，他承認(rèn)有罪。

3. opposite prep. 在……對(duì)面

Jennie was sitting opposite her mother at breakfast.

珍妮吃早飯時(shí)坐在她母親對(duì)面。

【用法精析】

比較opposite， on， in front of， beside和next to的區(qū)別：

（1） on 在河（湖、海）畔

China lies on the west of the Pacific Ocean.

中國(guó)位于太平洋西岸。

（2） in front of 在……的前面

There is a tree in front of the car.

在那個(gè)車的前面有一棵樹。

（3） beside 在……的旁邊

The little boy walked beside her big sister.

小男孩和他的姐姐一同前行。

（4） next to 在……的旁邊；緊接著

Perry is standing next to you.

派瑞正站在你的旁邊。

【拓展】

（1） opposite作為名詞意為“對(duì)立面；對(duì)立物；相反的人或物”。

Some people think luxury is the opposite of poverty.

有些人認(rèn)為奢華的對(duì)立面是貧窮。

（2） opposite作為形容詞意為“對(duì)面的，相反的，對(duì)立的”。

You should get your ticket at the opposite counter.

你應(yīng)該去對(duì)面的柜臺(tái)拿你的票

（3） opposite作為副詞意為“在對(duì)面地”。

They don’t live on this side of the road. They live opposite.

他們不住在馬路這邊，他們住在對(duì)面。

4. goal n. 目標(biāo)

【用法精析】

比較goal，aim和purpose的區(qū)別：

goal指經(jīng)過(guò)考慮和選擇，需經(jīng)堅(jiān)持不懈和努力奮斗才能達(dá)到的目標(biāo)；aim強(qiáng)調(diào)具體而明確的目標(biāo)，常指短期目標(biāo)；purpose則指一般的“目的”。

Once they have a common goal， nothing can get in the way of their career.

一旦他們有了一個(gè)共同的目標(biāo)，就沒(méi)什么可以阻攔他們的事業(yè)。

The aim of the exercise is to find out what was said about this article.

這個(gè)練習(xí)的目的是找到關(guān)于這篇文章的評(píng)價(jià)。

Remember that each of your goals should have a purpose.

記住，你的每個(gè)目標(biāo)都應(yīng)該有其目的。

5. similarity n. 類似；相似

【用法精析】

（1） 當(dāng)similarity作不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)意為“相像性，相似性”。

1） similarity between （兩者的）相似性

Please pay attention to the similarity between the two cities.

請(qǐng)注意這兩個(gè)城市之間的相似性方。

2） similarity in sth 在（某方面）的相似性

There is some similarity in the way they sing.

他們的演唱方式有點(diǎn)像。

（2） 當(dāng)similarity作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)意為“相似點(diǎn)，相像處”。

1） similarity to sb/sth 與……的相似之處

Home life has some similarities to college life， but the differences seem infinite.

家庭生活和大學(xué)生活有些相似，但差別似乎也是無(wú)止盡的。

6. vast adj. 巨大的；龐大的；浩瀚的

【用法精析】

比較vast，big，large，great和huge的區(qū)別：

（1） large側(cè)重體積、范圍、能力和數(shù)量方面的大，往往可以與big互換，但big較口語(yǔ)化。

Our factory is a big/large one. 我們的工廠很大。

在表示物體重量、重要性、長(zhǎng)大了時(shí)，只能用big。

The box is too big to carry.（不僅體積大，而且很重）

The box is too large to carry.（箱子大，但未必重）

而在表示數(shù)量時(shí)，用large，不用big。

A large number of people came to see the exhibition.

有很多人來(lái)觀看展覽。

（2） great意為“偉大的”，多用于抽象意思。在修飾具體事物時(shí)，帶有一定的感情色彩。

No great aspiration， no great genius.

沒(méi)有偉大的愿望，就沒(méi)有偉大的天才。

（3） vast常用來(lái)指“廣袤無(wú)垠的，面積廣闊的”，如：a vast forest， a vast sea， a vast desert等。

（4） huge強(qiáng)調(diào)體積龐大，容量和數(shù)量巨大。如：a huge stone， a huge building等。

7. exchange n. v. 交換；互換

We need to promote an open exchange of ideas and information.

我們需要促進(jìn)思想和信息的公開交流。

【拓展】

（1） exchange...for... 兌換；交易

（2） exchange...with sb 和某人交換

Where can I exchange my dollars for pounds？

我去哪兒可以把美元換成英鎊？

Mary exchanged seats with Anne.

瑪麗和安妮交換了座位。

8. work on 致力于，從事于；對(duì)……起作用

I’ve been working on a new work in London.

我一直在倫敦完成一個(gè)新作品。

He’ll work on his brother to make him change his mind.

他將努力說(shuō)服他弟弟改變主意。

9. because of 因?yàn)椋挥捎?/p>

He walks slowly because of his bad leg.

他因?yàn)橥炔环奖愣凶呔徛?/p>

【用法精析】

比較because of，because，as a result of和thanks to的區(qū)別：

（1） because是從屬連詞，后面跟一個(gè)完整的句子。because of是介詞短語(yǔ)，后面跟名詞、代詞或名詞性短語(yǔ)。

He came to work late because he got up late.

= He came to work late because of getting up late.

他上班遲到了，因?yàn)樗鸫财鹜砹恕?/p>

（2） as a result of 意為“作為……的結(jié)果”，一般用作狀語(yǔ)。

As a result of the rain， I was late.

由于下雨，我來(lái)晚了。

（3） thanks to意為“多虧，由于”，可表達(dá)正面意義，也可表達(dá)反面意義，多放在句首。

Thanks to your rotten idea， we went a long way.

多虧了你的餿主意，害得我們走了不少冤枉路。

10. be known as 作為……而出名/聞名

【用法精析】

（1） be known as后跟表某種職業(yè)或身份的名詞。

Lu Xun is known as a writer.

魯迅是作為作家而出名的。

（2） 比較be known as和be known for的區(qū)別：

be known as其后的名詞表示某人的身份、職業(yè)等；be known for意為“因……而著名”，其后所接內(nèi)容表示某人或物的特點(diǎn)、特長(zhǎng)等。

He was known for his bravery.

他以勇敢而出名。

11. ever since 自從……，一直……

【用法精析】

（1） ever since作為副詞，表示“此后一直……”。

He went to Turkey in 1950 and has lived there ever since.

他在1950 年去了土耳其，此后就一直住在那里。

（2） ever since作為連詞時(shí)相當(dāng)于since，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀詞從句，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

We have lived in Chengdu ever since we came to China.

自從我們來(lái)到中國(guó)后就一直住在成都。

12. be close to 接近；靠近

His house is close to my brother’s.

他的房子靠近我弟弟家。

The population of the city is close to a million.

這個(gè)城市的人口接近一百萬(wàn)。

【用法精析】

比較close和closely的區(qū)別：

兩者作副詞時(shí)，close意為“靠近；接近”，表示實(shí)際距離接近；closely意為“緊密地；密切地”，表示感情關(guān)系上的親近。

Don’t stand too close to that window.

別站得離那扇窗戶太近。

The two problems are closely connected.

這兩個(gè)問(wèn)題有密切的聯(lián)系。

13. be willing to do sth 樂(lè)意做某事

She is always willing to help.

她總是樂(lè)于助人。

He is willing to help me with my English.

他很樂(lè)意幫我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。

【拓展】

表達(dá)“樂(lè)意做某事”的多種用法：

（1） be ready to do sth

（2） be glad to do sth

（3） be delighted to do sth

（4） be happy to do sth

語(yǔ)法精析精練

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

考點(diǎn)提示：

1. 對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考查，主要集中在單項(xiàng)填空；在短文改錯(cuò)中，也常有一題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的基本用法。

2. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在高考中考查占分與時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)相當(dāng)。

3. 高考主要考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的基本用法，且重點(diǎn)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法功能及相互間的用法區(qū)別。

語(yǔ)法精析

一、判斷句子中動(dòng)詞是否用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式

1. 動(dòng)詞中的行為動(dòng)詞或連系動(dòng)詞在句子中的句法功能是用作謂語(yǔ)，但也可作其他句子成分，如：主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。動(dòng)詞在句子中用作謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，就用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)或虛擬形式；如果動(dòng)詞在句子中不充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)，而作其他句子成分，則動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用相應(yīng)的非謂語(yǔ)形式，即動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞。

2. 判斷句子中的動(dòng)詞用作謂語(yǔ)的情況，是正確使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式的前提。判斷的方法是：一個(gè)句子的構(gòu)成不可缺少作謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞；如果一個(gè)句子中有兩個(gè)或以上的動(dòng)詞，它們之間（或至少最后兩個(gè)間）有連詞and或其他并列連詞連接，則這些動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是并列的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，否則，除作謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞外，其他動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。如：This morning my mother went to the market alone， met an old friend of hers during her school days and talked to her for about two hours. （went，met和talked是三個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）；Helen shouted to make herself heard above the sound of music. （shouted是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；to make是動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)；heard則是過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)）。

二、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式的用法區(qū)別

1. 動(dòng)詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞用作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的用法區(qū)別：

記住12個(gè)字，即：主動(dòng)、將來(lái)（動(dòng)詞不定式）；主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行（現(xiàn)在分詞）；被動(dòng)、完成（過(guò)去分詞）。

注意：

（1） 這12字的運(yùn)用是針對(duì)動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞的一般式而言。

（2） “主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)”是指非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。“將來(lái)、進(jìn)行、完成”分別指非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間在句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)間之后、同一時(shí)間或之前。

（3） 選用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式時(shí)，要同時(shí)考慮滿足非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)、或被動(dòng)關(guān)系和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間關(guān)系。另外，動(dòng)詞不定式用作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)也可表動(dòng)作發(fā)生的全過(guò)程（尤其是在感官動(dòng)詞see，hear等后）；現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)詞是狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞，在作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，可表示存在的情況；過(guò)去分詞，也可表示出現(xiàn)的情況或存在的狀態(tài)，無(wú)時(shí)間概念。

（4） 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，指的是：當(dāng)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子的主語(yǔ)就是其邏輯主語(yǔ)；作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，它所修飾的名詞或代詞就是其邏輯主語(yǔ)；作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，其前面的賓語(yǔ)就是它的邏輯主語(yǔ)。

2. 動(dòng)詞不定式與動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的用法區(qū)別：

（1） 在介詞后作賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)名詞形式（少數(shù)例外，如：except，but）。

（2） 在及物動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)，著重記憶后面只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞（suggest， advise， allow， permit， forbid， admit， finish， enjoy， dislike， consider， avoid， miss， escape， mind， practise等）以及后面既可接動(dòng)詞不定式，又可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，但詞義有區(qū)別的動(dòng)詞（try， mean， stop， remember， forget， regret等）。如：remember to do記住去做；remember doing記得做過(guò)。

三、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法

1. 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義

（1） 動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，和它所修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，又和該句另一名詞或代詞（常常是主語(yǔ)）構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式常用主動(dòng)形式，不用被動(dòng)形式。

（2） 不定式在表語(yǔ)形容詞后作狀語(yǔ)，不定式用主動(dòng)形式，不用被動(dòng)式。如：English is easy to learn.

（3） There be結(jié)構(gòu)中動(dòng)詞不定式在名詞后作定語(yǔ)，可用主動(dòng)式，也可用被動(dòng)式，意義有區(qū)別。

（4） need，require，want三詞在表示“需要”時(shí)，后面接動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式，表示被動(dòng)意義。be worth doing結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)名詞也為主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)意義。

2. 動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to的有無(wú)

（1） 動(dòng)詞不定式在感官動(dòng)詞see，watch，notice，hear，feel等和使役動(dòng)詞make，have，let后作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，不定式不加to。但在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中作主補(bǔ)的不定式要加to。

（2） 當(dāng)不定式動(dòng)詞重復(fù)了前面動(dòng)詞，為了避免重復(fù)，常可省略不定式動(dòng)詞原形，但保留to，如：I haven’t been to Hong Kong， but I wish to.

注意：

（1） 當(dāng)want，like用于when，if，what，as等從句中時(shí)，它們后面的to也常省略。如：You may go if you like.

（2） 當(dāng)省略的不定式中含有be或have時(shí)，to后要保留be或have 。如：He didn’t come， but he ought to have.

語(yǔ)法精練

1. （2012年四川卷） Tom took a taxi to the airport， only ___ his plane high up in the sky.

A. findingB. to find

C. being foundD. to have found

2. （2012年全國(guó)卷） The party will be held in the garden， weather ___ .

A. permittingB. to permit

C. permittedD. permit

3. （2012年北京卷） One learns a language by making mistakes and ___ them.

A. correctsB. correct

C. to correctD. correcting

4. （2011年四川卷） Ladex doesn’t feel like ___ abroad. Her parents are old.

A. studyB. studying

C. studiedD. to study

5. （2011年四川卷） Simon made a big bamboo box ___ the little sick bird till it could fly.

A. keepB. kept

C. keepingD. to keep

6. （2010年四川卷） In many people’s opinion， that company， though relatively small， is pleasant ___.

A. to deal withB. dealing with

C. to be dealt withD. dealt with

7. （2010年四川卷） A great number of students ___ said they were forced to practise the piano.

A. to questionB. to be questioned

C. questionedD. questioning

8. （2009年四川卷） He told us whether ___ a picnic was still under discussion.

A. to haveB. having

C. haveD. had

9. （2009年四川卷） Ladies and gentlemen， please remain ___ until the plane has come to a complete stop.

A. seatedB. seating

C. to seatD. seat

10. （2009年四川卷） ___ many times， he finally understood it.

A. ToldB. Telling

C. Having toldD. Having been told

11. ___ with so much trouble， we failed to complete the task on time.

A. FacedB. Face

C. FacingD. To face

12. To her disappointment， what she had devoted herself to ___ in nothing but failure.

A. resultingB. results

C. has resultedD. resulted

13. Only ___ according to the directions can the medicine be quite effective.

A. takingB. taken

C. being takenD. having been taken

14. Everyone here will thank the firefighters for the things they have done to prevent fires ___ the environment safer.

A. being madeB. to making

C. to makeD. from making

15. The sports meet， originally ___ last Saturday， was finally called off because of the bad weather.

A. heldB. holding

C. having been heldD. to be held

16. ___ how to dye the silk red， he went to his grandma for help.

A. Having not knownB. Not knowing

C. Not knownD. Not to have known

17. After a knock at the door， the child heard his mother’s voice ___ him.

A. callingB. called

C. being calledD. to call

18. It is one of the funniest things ___ on the Internet so far this year.

A. having foundB. being found

C. to findD. found

19. ___ their hats into the air， the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.

A. To throwB. Thrown

C. ThrowingD. Being thrown

20. ___ around Tianfu Square， the tourists were taken to visit the Wuhou Temple.

A. Being shownB. Having shown

C. Have shownD. Having been shown

21. It’s true that the building ___ over there last year was for us laid-off workers.

A. builtB. to be built

C. having builtD. being built

22. The young man rushed out of the room， ___ into his car and started it hurriedly， ___ to get home as soon as possible.

A. got； hopedB. getting； and hoped

C. got； hopingD. getting； hoped

23. （2012年成都診斷） The British people believe that the 2012 London Olympics ___ from July 27th to August 12th will be another great success.

A. heldB. holding

C. to be heldD. beingheld

24. （2012年成都診斷） My old car refused ___ and I was told that I had to pay $500 to have it fixed.

A. being startedB. started

C. startingD. to start

25. （2011年成都診斷） Chengdu Metro Line 1， ___ into use in October 2010， has made the traffic in this city not so busy.

A. to be putB. being put

C. having putD. put

26. （2011年成都診斷） ___ the worst of the traffic， we need to start half an hour earlier.

A. To avoidB. Avoiding

C. AvoidD. Having avoided

27. （2011年成都診斷） “We didn’t know what ___ without our beloved ones，” the family members of the victims in the fire said when interviewed.

A. they expectB. to expect

C. to be expectedD. to have been expected

28. （2010年成都診斷） ___ by the beauty of its buildings on their previous visit， they decided to visit the small old town again.

A. StruckB. To be struck

C. Having struckD. Being struck

29. （2010年成都診斷） We had no food left in our backpacks， and ___ things worse， it began to pour.

A. makingB. to have made

C. having madeD. to make

30. （2010年成都診斷） ___ and excited， the athletes from all over the world took part in the Special Olympics held in Shanghai.

A. HonoredB. Honoring

C. Being honoredD. To be honored

綜合能力提升

（滿分120分；時(shí)間80分鐘）

第一部分 英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié) 單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

1. We’re looking forward to the vacation when we’ll be traveling ___ horseback ___ the small mountain.

A. by； acrossB. by； through

C. on； overD. on； through

2. The elephant is considered the national ___ of Thailand as it represents strength and loyalty.

A. markB. sign

C. symbolD. example

3. ___ by the river， the beautiful small park is a favorite with many tourists.

A. LocatingB. Being located

C. Having been locatedD. Located

4. The open-air ceremony has been put off ___ the bad weather.

A. in terms ofB. instead of

C. as forD. because of

5. As a child， Tom studied in a city school， ___ is named after his uncle.

A. whereB. what

C. thatD. which

6. —Was she sorry for what she’d done？

— ___ .

A. No wonderB. Well done

C. Not reallyD. Go ahead

7. Our spoken English needs ___ in order to communicate with foreigners better.

A. improvingB. be improved

C. to improveD. being improved

8. Guilin in Guangxi is a place ___ its beautiful sceneries.

A. known asB. is known as

C. known forD. is known for

9. — What’s that sound？

— I forgot to tell you that the new machine ___ .

A. was testedB. will be tested

C. is being testedD. has been tested

10. I love sports， and I used to play forward ___ on the school football team.

A. roleB. place

C. positionD. location

11. What ___ big surprise you gave me by wearing such funny ___ at so serious a meeting！

A. 不填； clothesB. 不填； clothing

C. the； clothingD. a； clothes

12. It’s not easy for them to reach that advanced level because of their country’s ___ population.

A. hugeB. vast

C. muchD. big

13. In the forests ___ ， some of which are large enough to hold several English small towns.

A. stand many lakesB. lie many lakes

C. many lakes lieD. many lakes stand

14. Can you ___ a 7-year-old boy swimming across the English Channel？

A. believeB. imagine

C. mindD. think

15. As a result， costs will be reduced by ___ 90%.

A. as much asB. as well as

C. as long asD. as soon as

第二節(jié) 完型填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

第二部分 閱讀理解（第一節(jié)共10小題，第二節(jié)5小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)

A

If you are planning to study in the USA， you need to consider several factors. Everyone has a different opinion about where are the best places to live in； also the best places to live in are not always home to the best schools. Finally， many schools specialize in different areas of study. The Massachusettes Institute of Technology， for example， is a great school for computer science and technology-related fields of study. However， if you want to study oceanography（海洋學(xué)）， your interest may be better served by attending school in a place that is on a coastline or near the ocean.

Now I am sure that you know which schools are considered the best in the country. So I will tell you about which states I believe are the best to live in.

California is a nice state. Northern California specially has very good weather. Los Angeles in southern California is another story though. Life in LA is full of excitement and speed， and sometimes—dangerous. As for me， I enjoyed the time I spent in Massachusettes， Virginia and Maryland and these states have a lot of history and culture. The weather is not as perfect as California， but it is still quite nice. My favorite area of America is the Midwest. Middle America， I think， is home to the true America sense of values. In addition， there are many good universities there.

Also， you need to think about your likes and dislikes and then research the various states. You like sunshine and hate snow？ Then you probably won’t like the Midwest or even the Northeast. Open space， nature and peace and quiet？ Then you probably should stay away from America’s larger cities. Are you interested in government？ Then Washington DC is the only place for you.

36. From Paragraph 1 we can conclude that in the US ___ .

A. all colleges and universities lie in big cities

B. all colleges and universities lie in beautiful cities

C. famous colleges and universities lie in nice places

D. famous colleges and universities may not lie in nice places

37. What should be considered first if you want to study in the US？

A. The climate.B. The living condition.

C. The studying condition.D. The scenery.

38. From Paragraph 3 we can find that ___ .

A. California is the best place to live

B. California is the worst place to live

C. California is a state with different climates

D. California is a small state in the US

39. From the last paragraph we can get to know that ___ .

A. Washington is the largest city in the US

B. Washington is the political center of the US

C. you can’t find sunshine in the Midwest

D. you can’t find any universities out of big cities in the US

B

Tourism campaigns featuring bikini-girl models and images of the outback（內(nèi)地）as in the new movie Australia have helped Australia win the title of world’s top country brand for the third continuous year.

An annual country branding index designed to track travel trends（趨勢(shì)）and find out opportunities for tourism made Canada rise to the second place in the list of countries with the best brand reputations. The United States slipped one place to be ranked the third in the index came from a survey of 2，700 travelers from nine countries by brand consultancy（顧問(wèn)）FutureBrand and public relations firm Weber Shandwick.

Other countries to make the top 10 in the fourth annual Country Brand Index （CBI） were Italy， Switzerland， France， New Zealand， Britain， Japan and Sweden.

The index identified China， the United Arab Emirates and Croatia as the top three “rising stars”—those are likely to become major tourist destinations in the next five years.

FutureBrand’s senior managing director Rina Plapler said some countries were now taking on board the idea of brand but this was still a largely underdeveloped part with most countries not using marketing to differentiate themselves.

Australia has just launched a global tourism campaign making itself as a place to “find yourself” along with the outback movie Australia released this month starring Nicole Kidman， focusing on the beauty of the country’s vast land.

Tourism numbers to Australia dropped 4.7 percent last year as the country relied on a failed campaign starring a bikini-girl model asking “Where on earth are you？”

Although Australia became the top， when it came to the best branded countries for arts and culture， the list was led by Italy， France and Egypt.

The best country brands for doing business were named as the United States， Germany， Britain， France and Italy.

When it came to nightlife， the leaders in branding were Japan， Brazil and Spain； For fine dining the winners were Italy， France and Japan， and for shopping， it was hard to beat the United States， United Arab Emirates and Singapore.

But when it came to the country where travelers would most like to live in， Australia came the first followed by New Zealand， Canada， and Switzerland.

The survey also identified various travel trends including women traveling more and without men， rich retires traveling with their grandchildren， and more people visiting places or species that are seen in danger or in some form of time-related environmental risk（瀕危游）.

40. According to the passage， the place in which travelers would most like to live is ___.

A. New ZealandB. Switzerland

C. ChinaD. Australia

41.Which countries were called as the top three “rising stars”？

A. China， the United Arab Emirates and Croatia.

B. New Zealand， Canada and Japan.

C. Japan， Brazil and China.

D. France， China and Japan.

42. Which one of the following statements is TRUE？

A. In the nightlife， the leaders in branding were Japan， Brazil and China.

B. In the fine dining， the leaders were Italy， France and Japan.

C. In the arts and culture， the leaders were Italy， France and Japan.

D. In the shopping， the leaders were United States， Japan and Singapore.

C

As our truck pulled up to the ranch（牧場(chǎng)）to start a three-month program for troubled boys， we passed a cowboy on his horse. Bill was the owner of the ranch， and he sat at the gate to wave us in. We made eye contact through the dusty window and he looked at me and touched the edge of his cowboy hat in welcome.

All summers long Bill and his ranch-hands taught us to ride horses， tie hay（干草）， cut up wood， and round up cattle. He understood the value of working with our hands， and we respected him for his knowledge and gentle leadership. He knew how important it was for boys like me to know that someone believed in us. He trusted us to do the job and do it right， and we didn’t want to let him down. Several times in that summer he took me fishing and we not only talked about how to cast a line， but also about my dreams and what I wanted from life. He encouraged me to make goals and shared stories from his own experiences.

The last day at the ranch， Bill pulled me aside and praised me for the work I had done in that summer—not only on the ranch， but also on myself. He told me that if I ever needed anything I could depend on him. Four years later， I took him up on that offer. I called him up and asked for a job. I told him how his belief in me had given me the courage to change my life. I explained that I wanted to help others in the same way. He offered me a job at once. I’m proud to say that each summer I’m the one who opens the gate for a truck full of young men who need someone to believe in them， so they can learn to believe in themselves.

43. According to the passage， which of the following is TRUE？

A. The writer and Bill are not friends.

B. The writer went to the ranch every summer.

C. The writer and Bill shared all their experiences.

D. The writer learned a lot from Bill.

44. Bill offered the writer a job on the ranch mainly because ___ .

A. Bill was kind and believed in the writer

B. the writer did well on the ranch that summer

C. his ranch was short of workers at that time

D. the writer was no longer a troubled boy

45. What would be the best title for the passage？

A. Work on the RanchB. Troubled Boys with Bill

C. Bill and His RanchD. Believe in Others

第二節(jié) 下面文章中有5處（第 46～50 題）需要添加小標(biāo)題。請(qǐng)從以下選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D、E和F）中選出符合各段意思的小標(biāo)題。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)是多余選項(xiàng)。

A. Act

B. Accept Yourself

C. Maintain a Diary

D. Reflect on the Past

E. Focus on Yourself

F. Give Yourself a Break

How to Find Yourself

Do you often feel lost？ Do you think you are living somebody else’s life？ If yes， discover ways to find yourself by going through the following article.

46. _______________

If you are thinking， “How to find yourself when you are lost？”， then the first thing to do is to have a rest from everything—work， personal life and all worldly things. Give time to yourself to think why you seem lost. Is it because of over work？ Is it because you are not leading a life that you want to？ Or is it because you are not satisfied with the people or things around you？ Try to find answers to these questions to determine the cause behind your anxiousness.

47. _______________

For once， instead of being the way others want you to be， be yourself. Look within and find yourself in you. Think about the things that you would want to do if you didn’t have any family obligations or any money issues. Think about the kind of relationship you would want to be in， the place that you would like to stay in， the kind of lifestyle you would like to lead， if you didn’t have the society or people around you， judging all the time. If you really want to know how to find inner peace， then think， what you would want others to describe you as—an honest person？ Or adventurous？ Or loving， or realistic？ Once you look within， you will know the answer and then try to be exactly that.

48. _______________

Thinking deeply about the past， the time or situations when you were the happiest， is another way to find yourself.Think what you were doing or with whom you were， when you were the happiest. This will help you to identify things that you want to do in life that make you happy and also certain people whose company you enjoy.

49. _______________

Knowing yourself and determining what you to do with your life will not come to you in a day or two. Discovering oneself is an ongoing process and it can take months or sometimes even years to truly find yourself. So， it’s important that you maintain a written record of all your feelings and thoughts， which you can go through at a later stage. Pour all your emotions and feelings about life in it and who knows maybe one day going through it， you will find yourself.

50. _______________

Once you have discovered what you want to do with your life， make a move for change and self improvement. Even if it means taking up small things such as dancing or painting， go ahead and do it. If you want a career change， plan and take steps so that it can take place smoothly. If you are stuck in a bad relationship and find yourself unable to mend it， break away. At the beginning， you may find yourself slightly unbalanced， but with time everything will be fine.

It is very important for you to truly find yourself， before it is too late. If you do not find yourself now， you will spend your life with somebody you do not even know， i.e. yourself.

第三部分 寫作（共三節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié) 單詞拼寫（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）

51. Please tell me a ____（標(biāo)志性建筑）on the way to the railway station.

52. Some records of ancient ____（文明）were discovered recently.

53. An ____（協(xié)議）was finally reached between the two big companies.

54. Many families on low ____（收入）will be unable to afford to buy their own house.

55. Nearly everyone knows that Beijing is a ____（擁擠的）city.

56. Such careless work habits will never p good products.

57. The mother g the family and all decisions were made by her.

58. Can you show the p of the hotel on the map？

59. What are your plans for the d of your company in the future？

60. Every i of this planet has duty to protect the environment against pollution.

第二節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）

此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤。對(duì)標(biāo)有題號(hào)的每一行做出判斷：如無(wú)錯(cuò)誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個(gè)勾（√）；如有錯(cuò)誤（每行只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤），則按下列情況改正：

此行多一個(gè)詞：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。

此行缺一個(gè)詞：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。

此行錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。

注意：原行沒(méi)有錯(cuò)的不要改。

It is bad manners in the classroom to look for what our

61. ___

neighbor had written， or try to see what mark he has received

62. ___

without being permitted. It is good manners for them to help

63. ___

each other if we have the same desire and the teacher allows to it.64. ___

In examinations and in certain kinds of written work， it is dishonest65. ___

and foolishly to help or to ask for help from others. When one student66. ___

does so， much larger values are destroying. One may not agree

67. ___

to examination system， but at present it is basically the only

68. ___

measure that the teacher and the rest of the world can depend to

69. ___

decide if or not each of us meets the requirement. 70. ___

第三節(jié) 書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）

假如你叫李明，你有一位英國(guó)網(wǎng)友名叫Tom，他聽說(shuō)過(guò)中國(guó)的故宮，但對(duì)其了解不多，于是給你發(fā)來(lái)了email，請(qǐng)你給他介紹一下有關(guān)故宮的一些情況。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面提供的一些要點(diǎn)給他回一封電子郵件：

1. 故宮又叫紫禁城，花費(fèi)十四年的時(shí)間，于1420年建成。

2. 宮殿共有9，999個(gè)房間；9在中國(guó)被認(rèn)為是吉祥的。

3. 每周二，故宮免費(fèi)開放。

4. 歷史文化燦爛。

5. 邀請(qǐng)他實(shí)地游覽。

要求：

1. 不要逐條翻譯；

2. 詞數(shù)：120左右；

3. 開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

參考詞匯：故宮 the Palace Museum

紫禁城 the Forbidden City

珍寶 precious treasure

Dear Tom，

It is nice to receive your email. Now I’d like to tell you something about the Palace Museum.

Yours，

Li Ming