美國(guó)心理學(xué)家布魯姆把認(rèn)知領(lǐng)域的教育目標(biāo)分成：知道、領(lǐng)會(huì)、應(yīng)用、分析、綜合、評(píng)價(jià)六個(gè)層次。前三層是認(rèn)知的初級(jí)，后三層是認(rèn)知的高級(jí)。接下來(lái)我們將走進(jìn)幾段案例，看看老師們制訂的目標(biāo)中有哪些優(yōu)勢(shì)與不足。

一、七年級(jí)上冊(cè)：Unit 7 How much are these pants？

P41~42Section A （1a~2c）

1.知識(shí)與能力

A.單詞和詞組（教材P103~104）

B.目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言

—What’s this？

— It’s a sweater.

—What color is the sweater？

—It’s red.

—How much is the red sweater？

—It’s $24.

—What are these？

—They are hats.

—What color are they？

—They are black.

—How much are these black hats？

—They’re $ ten.

2.過(guò)程與方法

聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)。

3.情感、態(tài)度、價(jià)值觀

國(guó)際視野。

點(diǎn)評(píng)：該目標(biāo)沒(méi)有用外顯的動(dòng)詞來(lái)描述；知識(shí)與能力目標(biāo)沒(méi)有把難重點(diǎn)—How much is the red sweater？ —It’s $24. —How much are these black hats？ —They’re $ ten. 突顯出來(lái)。過(guò)程與方法、情感態(tài)度價(jià)值觀的表述漢語(yǔ)過(guò)多且空洞，表述不明確具體。通過(guò)本課時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)詢問(wèn)價(jià)格，合理制訂自己的購(gòu)物計(jì)劃，養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣，做一個(gè)心中有“數(shù)”，生活有“序”的人！

二、七年級(jí)下冊(cè)：Review of Unit 4I want to be an actor.

P19~24Section A Self check

1.Knowledge and skills

A. To master the key vocabulary and phrases in Unit 4;

Jobs：shop assistant ，doctor ，actor ，reporter ，policeman ，policewoman ， waiter，bank clerk，student

Workplaces：bank，TV station，police station，hospital，restaurant Adjectives：exciting， dangerous， busy， fun， difficult， boring

Phrases: work for， work as ， work late， work hard ， work with， be in a hospital， be kind of dangerous， talk to sb.， talk with sb. call sb. at ... ， want sb. to do sth.

B. To talk about the jobs with the target language;

A: What do you do？B: I am a bank clerk.

A: Where do you work？B: I work in a bank.

A: What do you want to be？ B: I want to be an actor.

A: Why do you want to be an actor？ B: Because it’s an exciting job.

C. To learn how to read English passages.

2. Processes and methods

With the learning strategies of brainstorming，reading，listening， pair working and writing， to revise the key points of Unit 4.

3.Sensibilities and value

Enjoy reading English. Each job got its master.

點(diǎn)評(píng)：該目標(biāo)語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)達(dá)200字，在knowledge and skills中A. B. 的目標(biāo)表述太細(xì)，這些目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言可標(biāo)注為A.（自主導(dǎo)航一 A） jobs: 8；Workplaces: 5; Adjectives: 6; Phrases: 11; B.（自主導(dǎo)航一 B）4 pairs sentences. 而C（自主導(dǎo)航一 C）的目標(biāo)表述又太粗略?？蛇@樣表述：To read the article by reading skills just like pause，tone，speed and feeling. Enjoy reading English. Love what you love. 目標(biāo)1中的knowledge and skill的字樣 、目標(biāo)2~3的全部都可以去掉。

三、八年級(jí)上冊(cè)： Unit 10 I am going to be a basketball player.

P 59~60Section A （1a~2c）

1.We are going to remember nine key vocabularies on P 105 and knowhow the words are made， like engine→engineer， professor

profession→professional.

2.We are going to listen to the tape to get key words and read 4 key sentences freely on P59 and write 8 sentences with them.

3. We are going to describe our dream jobs with “be going to ”. Try to bea volunteer of the job from now on.

點(diǎn)評(píng)：該目標(biāo)體現(xiàn)了構(gòu)詞法學(xué)法指導(dǎo)，有外顯的動(dòng)詞表述，目標(biāo)中用“我們”拉近了師生的距離，并且多次用到be going to do sth. 來(lái)提出目標(biāo)，激發(fā)和培養(yǎng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣，逐步形成有效的學(xué)習(xí)策略，發(fā)展自主學(xué)習(xí)的能力，是一個(gè)以生為本、學(xué)以致用的佳作。

四、八年級(jí)下冊(cè)：Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived？

P24

Reading：Do you remember what you were doing？

1.Listen to the whole material freely without any task. Let’s appreciate the listening.

2.Read the whole material as naturally as we can. Enjoy the reading pleasure.

3.Understand the importance of the first sentence in each paragraphbefore you read and more information then retell the reading.You can do it.

點(diǎn)評(píng)：該目標(biāo)遵循了英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)、讀輸入的規(guī)律，在最自然、最放松的狀態(tài)下學(xué)生接受得最快。使學(xué)生樹(shù)立了英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的自信心。目標(biāo)3中突出了抓首括句、核心信息的閱讀策略，為短文的復(fù)述奠定了基礎(chǔ)，同時(shí)讓學(xué)生了解了中西方朗讀的差異性。

綜上所述，制訂目標(biāo)時(shí)要體現(xiàn)正確、具體、簡(jiǎn)潔、分層、可操作和可測(cè)性。如果我們做到對(duì)結(jié)果的了解再開(kāi)始，步伐將會(huì)朝著正確的方向前行，真正為激發(fā)興趣、培養(yǎng)能力、完善人格而服務(wù)。

（作者單位 山西省呂梁孝義市）