裴延國
(浙江省溫州育英國際實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校)
在高考英語書面表達(dá)時(shí),考生該如何立足于學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)際,從高中詞匯、短語和知識(shí)面出發(fā),而又結(jié)合高考大綱對語法的考測點(diǎn)要求,寫出一篇亮麗的作品呢?我結(jié)合連續(xù)近8年的高三復(fù)習(xí)備考的指導(dǎo)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和高考閱卷的體會(huì),給學(xué)生總結(jié)出了10大易懂易記易用的寫作靚點(diǎn)。
考生的作文中,使用名詞或代詞做主語的句子非常常見,也非常平庸。能夠正確地使用動(dòng)名詞做主語會(huì)使文章增色不少。eg:
It is working in team instead of on my own that has freed me of trouble and made my work more efficient.(2011湖北)
非限制性定語從句起著擴(kuò)充句意,補(bǔ)充說明的作用,能夠很好地滿足目前各地框架式的半開放式的作文需要考生展開思維,拓展表達(dá)的需求。eg:
Equally attractive are the success stories of world-famous people,which help me understand how a person can work hard to make the world a better place.(2011全國2)
同樣起著一個(gè)簡潔表達(dá)而又涵蓋較廣的作用。同位語(從句)所在的句子結(jié)構(gòu)清晰,內(nèi)容豐富,拓展功能明顯。eg:
As you know,we middle school students,the new generation,who were born in the early 1990s,have been growing up with so much love from others.(2009重慶)
巧寫句首在好的范文中也屢見不鮮,能夠給平庸的表達(dá)以新意,能夠巧妙地強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的相應(yīng)成分,屬于一種修飾手段。eg:
But surprisingly most Chinese mothers do not agree to Amy Chua’s way of parenting.(2011廣東)
大多數(shù)文章中主動(dòng)句使用的頻率很高,如果能夠結(jié)合實(shí)用使用一些被動(dòng)句,則會(huì)使文章增色不少。eg:
At the same time,students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves.(2011浙江)
除了上文所提到的同位語從句和非限制性定語從句外,其他的復(fù)合句也可以極大地提升作文的檔次,彰顯考生的知識(shí)層位。復(fù)合句的使用能使書面表達(dá)更富有表現(xiàn)力、更出彩(夏安平,2010)。 eg:
What excited me most is that I will go to Beijing to attend an English speech contest to be held in summer holiday in July for middle school students.(2011山東)
倒裝語法項(xiàng)目簡潔易掌握,用于文章有很好的強(qiáng)調(diào)突出功能。eg:Only by building up some noble and longrange aims can they study on their own initiative.(2010廣東)
較高級(jí)的書面詞匯的合理使用和同一概念能夠選擇使用不同的句式或詞語來表達(dá)更是能表明考生的英語學(xué)識(shí)。eg:
In pursuing a dream,we might focus on only one way of making it come true,forgetting that there may be alternatives.(2011北京)
I’m writing to draw your attention to some improper behavior among us students...It is clearly not appropriate for a student to litter and scribble about.(2011浙江)
非謂語動(dòng)詞是高中階段的第一大語法難點(diǎn),能夠很好地掌握并在在寫作中恰當(dāng)正確地展示,必定給閱卷老師留下深刻的印象,尤其是分詞做狀語的應(yīng)用。eg:
Seeing her lying in bed with her leg wrapped in bandages,we felt sorry for her.(2011北京)
對于廣大考生來講理解起來難度較大,因此能夠合理正確使用也就更閃耀。eg:
Everything done,they sat in the yard chatting with the elderly people.(2009浙江)
一篇好的作文,在書寫漂亮規(guī)范,內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)全面的前提下,能夠長句、短句穿插使用,主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)兼顧,恰當(dāng)?shù)剡x用以上2-3種多樣化的表達(dá)手段,必將成為一篇優(yōu)秀的高考佳作。
[1]夏安平.新課程背景下初高中英語書面表達(dá)銜接教學(xué)的幾個(gè)問題[J].中小學(xué)英語教學(xué)與研究,2010(8).
[2]曲一線.5年高考3年模擬[M].首都師范大學(xué)出版社,2011.