當(dāng)前,雖然多媒體教學(xué)技術(shù)的運(yùn)用越來越廣泛,但這并不是說傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)手段就沒有用了。事實(shí)上,如果運(yùn)用得當(dāng),傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)手段同樣也能使課堂教學(xué)精彩、有效。
一、利用簡筆畫進(jìn)行教學(xué),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的聽說能力
在“How do you get to school?”的教學(xué)中,我用幾幅簡筆畫來教學(xué),使文章內(nèi)容躍然紙上,一目了然。
短文內(nèi)容如下(加下畫線的是本課的新單詞和重點(diǎn)句型):
Lin Fei’s home is about 10 kilometers from school. He gets up at six o’clock everyday, and has a quick breakfast. Then he leaves for school at about six thirty. First, he rides his bicycle to the bus station. That takes about ten minutes. Then the early bus takes him to school. The bus ride usually takes about 25 minutes.
1. 教學(xué)第一步:利用簡筆畫,導(dǎo)入課文內(nèi)容。
我首先結(jié)合簡筆畫(如圖1所示)講述:Look at the pictures on the blackboard.This is Lin Fei’s
home.It’s a little far from his school. How far? Ten kilometers. So in the morning he is very busy. After he gets up, he showers and has a quick breakfast. Then he leaves for school at about 6:30. He rides his bicycle to the bus station. That takes about ten minutes.That means when he gets to the bus station,it’s 6:40.(這里的take作“花費(fèi)”解釋,是新授內(nèi)容,學(xué)生容易把它和“乘車”的意思混淆起來。學(xué)生通過上下文就容易理解。)Then he takes the early bus to school. The bus ride takes 25 minutes.
在講述的過程中我把相對應(yīng)的單詞或短語寫在簡筆畫下面,前五幅圖依次為:
home is ten kilometers from ...
gets up
has a quick breakfast
leaves for school;rides his bicycle to ...
takes the early bus
2. 教學(xué)第二步:利用簡筆畫內(nèi)容讓學(xué)生回答問題。
我首先設(shè)置了以下四個問題:
How far is it from his home to school?
What dose he do after he gets up?
How does he go to the bus station?
How does he get to school from the bus station?
這四個問題能從簡筆畫內(nèi)容中反映出來,學(xué)生容易回答。然后我把課文內(nèi)容再向?qū)W生復(fù)述一遍,又設(shè)置了以下四個問題(這一步主要是訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的聽力以及記憶能力):
What time does Lin Fei get up?
Does he have breakfast slowly?
What time does he leave for school?
How long does it take from his home to school?
3. 教學(xué)第三步:讓學(xué)生結(jié)合簡筆畫復(fù)述短文內(nèi)容。
4. 教學(xué)第四步:讓學(xué)生也用簡筆畫的形式呈現(xiàn)“My busy day”,以再一次實(shí)現(xiàn)語言的運(yùn)用。
由于簡筆畫不受物質(zhì)條件限制,在無多媒體環(huán)境下的英語教學(xué)中尤為實(shí)用,完全不亞于運(yùn)用現(xiàn)代多媒體教學(xué)技術(shù)所具有的效果。
二、利用英語歌曲進(jìn)行教學(xué),創(chuàng)設(shè)輕松愉快的氛圍
實(shí)踐證明,用音樂配合英語教學(xué)可以降低學(xué)生的心理壓力,悅耳的音樂能使人心情愉快,引人入勝的音樂意境可以調(diào)動學(xué)生多種感官共同活動,激發(fā)他們的創(chuàng)造力和想象力。因此,在平時的教學(xué)過程中,我常利用英語歌曲來創(chuàng)設(shè)輕松愉快的教學(xué)氛圍。
(一)渲染英語課堂氣氛,激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣
“教學(xué)應(yīng)從誘發(fā)和激起求知欲開始,從做好學(xué)習(xí)的心理準(zhǔn)備開始?!鄙险n鈴一響,我們就可以讓音樂徐徐響起,讓吵吵嚷嚷的課堂安靜下來,讓學(xué)生跟著音樂唱歌。這樣做既可安定學(xué)生情緒,又可讓他們慢慢進(jìn)入英語課堂學(xué)習(xí)氛圍,以便在課堂起始階段就能調(diào)整學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)情緒,激發(fā)他們的興趣,集中他們的注意力。
(二)根據(jù)不同教學(xué)階段的需要,選擇合適的英文歌曲
在導(dǎo)入新課階段,我們可以通過欣賞相關(guān)的歌曲導(dǎo)入。如在學(xué)習(xí)9年級“What kind of music do you like ?”這個單元時,我播放了美國著名的鄉(xiāng)村歌曲“Take Me Home,Country Roads”,學(xué)生在欣賞優(yōu)美歌曲的同時自然地進(jìn)入了單元話題的學(xué)習(xí)。
在呈現(xiàn)新知識階段,如在過去進(jìn)行時的教學(xué)時,我教了歌曲“Tennessee Waltz”。歌中唱道:“I was waltzing with my darling, when an old friend I happened to see...And while they were waltzing , my friend stole my sweetheart from me.”學(xué)唱這首含有過去進(jìn)行時的歌曲,學(xué)生學(xué)會了when,while在過去進(jìn)行時中的用法,這有助于他們對這一時態(tài)的理解和記憶。
在復(fù)習(xí)階段,有些知識可以通過歌曲進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí)。如星期和月份的名稱,我們可以唱“The Days of the Week”,從Sunday唱到Saturday;可以唱“The Months of the Year”,從January復(fù)習(xí)到December。
三、通過編故事進(jìn)行教學(xué),提高學(xué)生記憶能力
初中階段的詞匯多且難記,如果單純死記硬背,學(xué)生總是感覺過幾天很快就忘記。為了解決這個難題,我就嘗試讓學(xué)生充分發(fā)揮他們的想象力,教完一個單元,我要求用上本單元的重點(diǎn)詞匯編故事。以下是9年級(上)第五單元學(xué)完后一位學(xué)生想象的故事短文(下畫線的是本單元的重點(diǎn)詞匯)。
One day the director of the zoo went to work. He rode his bike to the office. Because the wind was very strong,he couldn’t see the road clearly. He fell down and knocked a stone. He couldn’t lift his left hand and was extremely worried. A reporter from Oxford would interview him .It was too late for him to catch the last helicopter. How anxious he was!
孩子想象力是我們課堂教學(xué)用之不竭的資源,是我們所具備的最有價(jià)值的教學(xué)資源,這是所有最精良的現(xiàn)代科技都無法替代的。在我們平時的教學(xué)中,可以充分利用這一有用資源,提高我們的課堂效率。