楊 立
“形象大使”是常見的廣告用詞。筆者翻閱了多本近年來出版的較權(quán)威的大型漢英詞典,發(fā)現(xiàn)收錄該詞的只有《新世紀(jì)漢英大詞典》(惠宇主編,外語教學(xué)與研究出版社,2004),給出的譯名是"image representative'。雖然“im-age representative”一詞易為以英語為母語的人士所理解,但卻不是最佳譯名。因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)生造詞,是詞典編纂者根據(jù)漢語中“形象大使”的意義,采用解釋性翻譯的原則翻譯的。
事實(shí)上,“形象大使”在英語中是有對(duì)應(yīng)詞的,即“ambassador"。下面是美國《新聞周刊》(Newsweek)2008年11月10日為一款手表做的廣告中的兩段話:
(1)Bollywood star and Longines ambassadress of elegance Aishwarya RaiBaehchan perfectly embodies the elegant character that composes the Longinesidentity and trademark,
(2)Through his attitude to the world。f tennis and his untiring giving of him-self through The Andre Agassi Foundation。tennis leon and ambassador of elegance
Andre Agassi epitomizes Longinesclaim that"elegance is an attitude",這兩段話中的"ambassadress”和"ambassador"譯成漢語,即“形象大使”,“ele-gance”一詞用在此處是著意強(qiáng)調(diào)廣告男女主角優(yōu)雅高貴的氣質(zhì)與形象,以此來吸引消費(fèi)者購買其產(chǎn)品。
再來看兩部權(quán)威的大詞典的釋義:
ambassador:a person who acts as a representanve or promoter of a specified
activity,e g,he is a good ambassador for the industry,(Webster's Third New In-
ternational Dictionary,2001:52)
ambassador:an authorized or appointed representative or messenger(the asso-elation...send~s to the state and national capitals to promote its interests—WP,Webb>;an unofficial representative(an effective of American culture)(The NewOxfora Dictionary of English,1993:66)兩本詞典都給出了“ambassador”在商業(yè)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的使用實(shí)例,即某類活動(dòng)、行業(yè)的代表,推廣員或宣傳者。這與漢語中的“形象大使”的意義十分吻合。
我們?cè)賮砜础冬F(xiàn)代漢語詞典》對(duì)“形象大使”的定義:
形象大使;指形象代言人。
形象代言人:以個(gè)人形象及影響力為某個(gè)領(lǐng)域、單位或產(chǎn)品等進(jìn)行推介宣傳
的人,多為有一定知名度的公眾人物:企業(yè)~公益活動(dòng)~。
日常生活中,擔(dān)任形象大使或代言人的通常是影視或體育明星,他們能以自己的號(hào)召力和高頻度的媒體曝光率來影響公眾,起到促進(jìn)產(chǎn)品銷售的作用。
下面是我們?cè)谥木W(wǎng)絡(luò)百科全書www,answers,com(其材料來源包括The American Heritage Dictionary,Britannica Concise Encyclopedia、等權(quán)威辭書)上查得的一段材料,足以說明“ambassador"一詞在非政治領(lǐng)域中的用法:
In a less formal sense, the word is used for high-profile non-diplomatic repre-sentative of various entities, mainly cultural and charitable organizations, often aswilling figure heads to attract media attention,e, g. film and pop stars makes appeals to the public at large for UNESCO activities (see UNESCO Goodwill Ambas-sadors) ,sometimes during press-swarmed visits in the field. (見 http: //www. answers, corn/ambassador)這段關(guān)于“ambassador”的材料與人們對(duì)“形象大使”的印象是一致的。
綜上所述,“ambassador"和“形象大使”都可用在商業(yè)領(lǐng)域,由一定的公眾人物擔(dān)當(dāng),代表某類產(chǎn)品或某個(gè)行業(yè)的形象,負(fù)有宣傳和推廣的責(zé)任。所以,從意義、語體、使用范圍等各方面看,用“ambassador”來翻譯“形象大使”要比用“image representative”恰當(dāng)?shù)枚唷?/p>
(上海對(duì)外貿(mào)易學(xué)院研究生部上海201620)
(責(zé)任編輯王慧敏)