[摘要]該文通過歸納世界衛(wèi)生組織(WHO)及5個(gè)國家相關(guān)組織或機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)布的關(guān)于圍產(chǎn)期抑郁癥篩查指南建議,概述了圍產(chǎn)期抑郁癥篩查的最新研究進(jìn)展,闡述了“早篩查、早發(fā)現(xiàn)、早干預(yù)”原則對(duì)于促進(jìn)母嬰健康、預(yù)防并發(fā)癥及改善預(yù)后的重要性,并強(qiáng)調(diào)目前圍產(chǎn)期抑郁癥篩查的最佳時(shí)機(jī)和頻次尚不明確,仍需進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)篩查后續(xù)的干預(yù)措施。該文建議未來需要關(guān)注篩查工具和干預(yù)方法的優(yōu)化,為中國實(shí)施系統(tǒng)、科學(xué)的圍產(chǎn)期常規(guī)抑郁癥篩查提供指導(dǎo)及參考依據(jù),以期全面提升圍產(chǎn)期心理健康服務(wù)水平。
[關(guān)鍵詞]孕產(chǎn)婦;圍產(chǎn)期抑郁;篩查;指南
Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5293.2024.11.012
[中圖分類號(hào)]R173[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼]A
[文章編號(hào)]1673-5293(2024)11-0092-05
Summary of perinatal depression screening guidelines
TANG Chengli QIANG Wenjing TAO Fangbiao
(1.School of Nursing,Anhui Medical University,Anhui Hefei 230032,China;2.Key Laboratory of Population
Health Across Life Cycle,Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China/Anhui Provincial Key
Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course,Anhui Hefei 230032,China;
3.School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University,Anhui Hefei 230032,China)
[Abstract] This article summarizes the latest research progress on perinatal depression screening guidelines by synthesizing the recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO) and relevant organizations or institutions in five countries.It highlights the importance of the principles of “early screening,early detection,and early intervention” in promoting maternal and infant health,preventing complications,and improving prognosis.Furthermore,it emphasizes that the optimal timing and frequency for perinatal depression screening remain unclear,and further efforts are needed to enhance post-screening intervention measures.The article recommends that future efforts focus on optimizing screening tools and intervention methods to provide guidance and references for the systematic and scientific implementation of routine perinatal depression screening in China,with the goal of comprehensively improving the level of perinatal mental health services.
[Key words] maternity;perinatal depression;screening;guideline
圍產(chǎn)期抑郁癥(perinatal depression,PND)是指在懷孕期間或分娩后12個(gè)月內(nèi)發(fā)生的不同程度的精神障礙,包括產(chǎn)前抑郁和產(chǎn)后抑郁[1],目前已成為全球公共衛(wèi)生問題。據(jù)報(bào)道,全球PND的總體患病率約為24.7%[2],中國PND的患病率達(dá)到15%,且呈上升趨勢(shì)[3]。PND具有高發(fā)病率、高自愈率和高致殘率的特點(diǎn)[4];臨床表現(xiàn)為情緒低落,焦慮、易怒、睡眠和食欲不佳等狀況[5-6]。PND不僅影響孕產(chǎn)婦的自身健康,甚至對(duì)子代身心發(fā)育產(chǎn)生長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)影響[7-9]。對(duì)其早期篩查是早發(fā)現(xiàn)和早干預(yù)的關(guān)鍵,然而各國對(duì)PND常規(guī)篩查的建議各不相同[10]。因此,本文收集并分析全球主要國家權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)布的圍產(chǎn)期抑郁篩查指南和專家共識(shí),為中國圍產(chǎn)期抑郁癥篩查提供參考依據(jù)。
1世界衛(wèi)生組織建議的有關(guān)指南
近年來,對(duì)圍產(chǎn)期精神健康的研究已成為社會(huì)各領(lǐng)域的焦點(diǎn),許多國家加大了對(duì)圍產(chǎn)期女性專業(yè)精神健康服務(wù)的力度。2022年9月,世界衛(wèi)生組織(World Health Organization,WHO)頒布了《圍產(chǎn)期精神健康婦幼保健服務(wù)指南》[11],基于階梯式方法,對(duì)孕產(chǎn)婦抑郁的識(shí)別和管理提出相應(yīng)的建議。
WHO提倡將母嬰保健納入婦幼保健服務(wù)項(xiàng)目中,為圍產(chǎn)期婦女提供常規(guī)的抑郁篩查,以減少圍產(chǎn)期心理健康的污名化,最大限度地發(fā)揮干預(yù)措施的效益。在《圍產(chǎn)期精神健康婦幼保健服務(wù)指南》中未限定抑郁篩查工具,只提議所使用工具應(yīng)符合當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕尘?,并能真?shí)地反映圍產(chǎn)期婦女的心理狀況。對(duì)篩查結(jié)果呈陽性的婦女,應(yīng)由專業(yè)的精神科醫(yī)生或其他心理專家(如臨床心理學(xué)家、精神科護(hù)士)行進(jìn)一步診斷評(píng)估。對(duì)患有嚴(yán)重抑郁癥的婦女,則需轉(zhuǎn)介到??漆t(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu),提供藥物干預(yù)。此外,對(duì)所有抑郁篩查呈陽性或確診的婦女均需接受心理教育,鼓勵(lì)其參加有助于精神健康的日?;顒?dòng)。
2發(fā)達(dá)國家相關(guān)組織或機(jī)構(gòu)建議的有關(guān)指南
2.1美國預(yù)防服務(wù)工作組的建議
美國預(yù)防服務(wù)工作組(U.S.Preventive Services Task Force,USPSTF)對(duì)2009年抑郁篩查指南進(jìn)一步更新,并發(fā)布《成人抑郁癥篩查建議聲明》[12]和《預(yù)防圍產(chǎn)期抑郁干預(yù)措施聲明》[13],提倡在初級(jí)保健機(jī)構(gòu)中對(duì)所有孕產(chǎn)婦進(jìn)行PND篩查。有足夠證據(jù)表明,PND篩查具有“中等凈效益”,有助于降低抑郁癥的總體患病率和發(fā)病率,改善孕產(chǎn)婦的臨床結(jié)局。其中最推薦的篩查工具是愛丁堡產(chǎn)后抑郁量表(Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale,EPDS)和病人健康問卷(Patient Health Questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)。但目前篩查工具使用的最佳時(shí)間和間隔尚不清楚,重復(fù)或多次抑郁篩查可能有益于高危孕產(chǎn)婦。
在《預(yù)防圍產(chǎn)期抑郁的干預(yù)措施聲明》[13]中,USPSTF建議為有抑郁癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的孕產(chǎn)婦優(yōu)先提供心理干預(yù),包括認(rèn)知行為療法(cognitive behavioral therapy,CBT)、人際關(guān)系療法(interpersonal psychotherapy,IPT)及正念療法(mindfulness-based interventions,MBIs)。大量研究發(fā)現(xiàn),體育活動(dòng)、健康教育、家庭支持和心理干預(yù)措施在預(yù)防PND方面卓有成效[14-17]。
2.2美國婦產(chǎn)科醫(yī)師學(xué)會(huì)的建議
美國婦產(chǎn)科醫(yī)師學(xué)會(huì)(American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists,ACOG)與USPSTF意見相似,建議圍產(chǎn)期婦女至少進(jìn)行一次抑郁和焦慮癥狀的篩查[18]。ACOG指出,PND篩查并不是最終目的,需重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)篩查后期的情緒隨訪和評(píng)估。目前,ACOG大力推行協(xié)作護(hù)理模式,聯(lián)合多學(xué)科工作者(包括護(hù)士、婦產(chǎn)科臨床醫(yī)師、心理??漆t(yī)師等)完善圍產(chǎn)期抑郁的診療隨訪體系。有最新證據(jù)表明,協(xié)作護(hù)理模式改善了圍產(chǎn)期抑郁患者的長(zhǎng)期預(yù)后[19-21]。此外,新生兒保健期間被認(rèn)為是產(chǎn)后婦女情緒評(píng)估的最佳時(shí)機(jī),該組織鼓勵(lì)產(chǎn)科醫(yī)生與兒科醫(yī)生合作,以便早期識(shí)別可能存在情緒障礙的產(chǎn)婦。
2.3美國兒科學(xué)會(huì)的建議
美國兒科學(xué)會(huì)(American Academy of Pediatrics,AAP)與ACOG相似,提倡實(shí)施協(xié)作護(hù)理模式,聯(lián)合產(chǎn)科與兒科醫(yī)護(hù)工作者,共同促進(jìn)母嬰心理保健。AAP在2019年的《圍產(chǎn)期抑郁癥的識(shí)別與管理融入兒科實(shí)踐》中強(qiáng)調(diào),兒科醫(yī)生應(yīng)從早期就與嬰兒及其父母建立聯(lián)結(jié),由兒科醫(yī)生對(duì)產(chǎn)前婦女進(jìn)行首次的情緒篩查,并對(duì)產(chǎn)后1、2、4、6個(gè)月的嬰兒訪視期間進(jìn)行再次情緒篩查[22]。在建立縱向聯(lián)結(jié)過程中,隨著對(duì)兒科醫(yī)生熟悉度和信任度的逐漸提高,孕產(chǎn)婦接受重復(fù)的情緒篩查及主動(dòng)表達(dá)情緒的可能性也會(huì)有所增加。此外,AAP也指出,CBT是輕度或中度PND最佳干預(yù)措施,其副作用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較小,能有效地預(yù)防PND的復(fù)發(fā)。
2.4加拿大預(yù)防保健組的建議
加拿大預(yù)防保健組(Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care,CTFPHC)在2022年妊娠期和產(chǎn)后抑郁篩查指南中提出,不推薦使用具有臨界分?jǐn)?shù)的問卷進(jìn)行常規(guī)抑郁癥篩查[23]。該組織指出,目前支持常規(guī)PND篩查的高質(zhì)量文獻(xiàn)非常有限,僅有一項(xiàng)隨機(jī)對(duì)照試驗(yàn)評(píng)估了基于問卷的PND篩查與不篩查的利弊,但該文獻(xiàn)證據(jù)質(zhì)量低,存在嚴(yán)重的偏倚風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。此外,加拿大在全國范圍內(nèi)尚未全面支持常規(guī)PND篩查,相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施也有待進(jìn)一步完善。因此,CTFPHC表示,在缺乏高質(zhì)量研究證據(jù)和完善基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施支持的情況下,使用問卷的臨界分?jǐn)?shù)來判斷孕產(chǎn)婦是否患有抑郁癥似乎無實(shí)質(zhì)性效果。
2.5加拿大安大略注冊(cè)護(hù)士協(xié)會(huì)的建議
安大略注冊(cè)護(hù)士協(xié)會(huì)(Registered Nurses Association of Ontario,RNAO)在2019年發(fā)布了《圍產(chǎn)期抑郁的評(píng)估和干預(yù)指南第2版》[24],其提出抑郁篩查應(yīng)融入到圍產(chǎn)期保健體系中,使用有效的篩查工具識(shí)別出PND的相關(guān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素,并將PND風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素分為強(qiáng)、中、弱三等級(jí),包括精神病史、產(chǎn)前焦慮癥、低社會(huì)支持、不良生活事件等。針對(duì)篩查結(jié)果呈陽性的孕產(chǎn)婦,RNAO鼓勵(lì)為其制定個(gè)性化的心理服務(wù)方案,如CBT或健康教育。
2.6英國國家衛(wèi)生與臨床優(yōu)化研究所的建議
英國國家衛(wèi)生與臨床優(yōu)化研究所(National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence,NICE)于2020年更新并發(fā)布了《產(chǎn)前和產(chǎn)后心理健康:臨床管理和服務(wù)指導(dǎo)》[25],其建議針對(duì)所有圍產(chǎn)期婦女使用Whooley問題進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單情緒評(píng)估:在過去的1個(gè)月里,您是否經(jīng)常被情緒低落、沮喪或絕望所困擾?您是否經(jīng)常因?yàn)閷?duì)做事沒有興趣或樂趣而煩惱?當(dāng)在簡(jiǎn)單評(píng)估中發(fā)現(xiàn)有抑郁傾向時(shí),再使用EPDS或PHQ-9工具進(jìn)一步篩查。NICE將情緒評(píng)估分成兩步驟,借助簡(jiǎn)單評(píng)估問題以減少不必要的篩查工作,這在一定程度上可以降低假陰性率。對(duì)于篩查陽性的孕產(chǎn)婦,NICE與USPSTF的建議相似,鼓勵(lì)盡早為其提供心理干預(yù);對(duì)于確診為中、重度抑郁的孕產(chǎn)婦,NICE強(qiáng)調(diào)盡可能不提供丙戊酸鹽、卡馬西平等藥物,除非其他抗精神病藥物無效。
2.7澳大利亞圍產(chǎn)期優(yōu)生中心的建議
澳大利亞圍產(chǎn)期優(yōu)生中心(Centre of Perinatal Excellence,COPE)在2023年更新并發(fā)布了《圍產(chǎn)期精神保?。喊拇罄麃喤R床實(shí)踐指南》[26],其建議對(duì)所有圍產(chǎn)期婦女進(jìn)行心理社會(huì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估及抑郁、焦慮篩查,強(qiáng)調(diào)孕早期應(yīng)完成首次情緒篩查,并且產(chǎn)后至少篩查一次。
目前,篩查工具眾多,COPE最推薦使用EPDS量表,該量表在語言通用性和文化敏感性方面具有一定的特色,孕產(chǎn)婦對(duì)其篩查接受意愿較高。此外,COPE明確指出,篩查并非診斷,篩查工具主要評(píng)估孕產(chǎn)婦的情緒現(xiàn)狀,為后期的預(yù)防及干預(yù)提供依據(jù)。針對(duì)篩查陽性的孕產(chǎn)婦,COPE強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)從家庭干預(yù)入手,聯(lián)合孕產(chǎn)婦家屬共同促進(jìn)母嬰心理健康。
3中國相關(guān)組織或機(jī)構(gòu)的有關(guān)指南
2020年,中國國家衛(wèi)生健康委員會(huì)發(fā)布了《探索抑郁癥防治特色服務(wù)工作方案》[27],其支持將PND篩查納入常規(guī)孕檢和產(chǎn)后訪視流程中。中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)婦產(chǎn)科學(xué)分會(huì)依據(jù)該方案,制定了《圍產(chǎn)期抑郁癥篩查與診治專家共識(shí)》[28],指出PND的合理篩查時(shí)機(jī)是妊娠早期,建議對(duì)所有孕婦進(jìn)行常規(guī)PND篩查,其中針對(duì)有較多抑郁危險(xiǎn)因素(如抑郁癥既往史、低收入和親密伴侶暴力行為等)的孕產(chǎn)婦需要多次重復(fù)篩查。對(duì)于輕度或中度圍產(chǎn)期抑郁的婦女,該共識(shí)推薦結(jié)構(gòu)化心理治療(包括CBT、IPT)作為一線治療方案。
4關(guān)于抑郁癥的篩查及干預(yù)
4.1抑郁癥篩查的有效性
常規(guī)抑郁癥篩查目的是識(shí)別有癥狀的人群,盡早提供干預(yù)以降低發(fā)病率和死亡率。美國USPSTF進(jìn)行了6項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),進(jìn)行PND篩查的孕產(chǎn)婦患病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相對(duì)減少18%~59%;此外,篩查呈陽性孕產(chǎn)婦的癥狀改善(根據(jù)EPDS測(cè)量)比未篩查的孕產(chǎn)婦高11%[29]。在加拿大阿爾伯塔省的PND篩查隨訪中發(fā)現(xiàn),參與抑郁篩查與未篩查的孕產(chǎn)婦相比,前者高危風(fēng)險(xiǎn)確診概率大,其抑郁癥的干預(yù)療效也更佳[30]。越來越多的研究表明,常規(guī)PND篩查能使孕產(chǎn)婦獲益,包括提前發(fā)現(xiàn)PND、減少母嬰不良結(jié)局、提高家庭福祉、節(jié)省醫(yī)療保健成本等[31]。本文歸納相關(guān)組織或機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)布的指南建議中,均鼓勵(lì)使用有效量表或問卷進(jìn)行常規(guī)PND篩查,僅CTFPHC不提倡此做法。目前文獻(xiàn)尚未證實(shí)PND篩查無效或有害,也未發(fā)現(xiàn)更有效和高效的替代方案。因此,停止PND篩查的建議似乎缺乏理論依據(jù)[32-33],過早取消現(xiàn)有的PND篩查做法可能會(huì)對(duì)該領(lǐng)域深入研究造成負(fù)面影響,甚至引發(fā)所謂的“寒蟬效應(yīng)”。
4.2篩查實(shí)施的前提是提供有效干預(yù)
盡管PND的危害及治療的益處較為明確,但僅有有限的證據(jù)表明疾病的篩查有助于改善疾病最終結(jié)局[10],而造成這一矛盾現(xiàn)象的原因:抑郁篩查確診后的孕產(chǎn)婦在接受有效治療及轉(zhuǎn)診方面存在較大的差異性。高收入國家抑郁篩查呈陽性的孕產(chǎn)婦,在篩查后大約有3/5未進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)診和干預(yù)[34];而其他資源匱乏地區(qū),有心理健康服務(wù)需求的孕產(chǎn)婦,90%以上得不到有效治療[35]。抑郁篩查不能替代診斷和治療,若無后續(xù)有效干預(yù)措施和適當(dāng)隨訪,篩查幾乎沒有效果[36]。目前國內(nèi)外關(guān)于PND風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素研究較多,不同的文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素不盡相同。本文收集的各相關(guān)組織及機(jī)構(gòu)均表示抑郁癥病史、孕期并發(fā)癥、社會(huì)支持等是PND重要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素,應(yīng)秉持“早篩查、早發(fā)現(xiàn)、早干預(yù)”的原則,針對(duì)致病因素采取根本性預(yù)防措施。其中USPSTF、AAP、ACOG、COPE、NICE和RNAO組織強(qiáng)調(diào)了預(yù)防PND發(fā)生的方法,如CBT、IPT及MBIs可降低PND發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn),并通過心理健康教育、提高社會(huì)支持等方式促進(jìn)孕產(chǎn)婦心理健康[12,18,22,24-26]。因此,在實(shí)施常規(guī)PND篩查的同時(shí),醫(yī)療保健人員需結(jié)合孕產(chǎn)婦的個(gè)體情況,采取適宜的干預(yù)措施,以預(yù)防PND的發(fā)生。
4.3中國實(shí)施圍產(chǎn)期抑郁篩查的啟示
盡管中國已將圍產(chǎn)期心理健康防控提升至重要位置,但由于人口眾多、地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不平衡,實(shí)際臨床應(yīng)用中仍面臨多重挑戰(zhàn)。首先,圍產(chǎn)期抑郁篩查工具需要進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格的實(shí)證研究,考慮到我國人群的特征和文化背景差異,以及抑郁風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素的動(dòng)態(tài)變化,應(yīng)開發(fā)本土化的篩查評(píng)估工具,并進(jìn)一步探討最佳的篩查時(shí)間和頻率。其次,篩查本身至關(guān)重要,但隨后的干預(yù)和隨訪同樣不可或缺。結(jié)構(gòu)化心理方法被認(rèn)為是最有效的干預(yù)措施之一,結(jié)合其他輔助措施如運(yùn)動(dòng)療法、健康教育和家庭支持,可以顯著改善孕產(chǎn)婦的心理健康狀況。此外,各地級(jí)市醫(yī)院可以借鑒ACOG的建議,建立多學(xué)科合作診療團(tuán)隊(duì),包括兒科、婦產(chǎn)科和心理醫(yī)療人員,確保能夠早發(fā)現(xiàn)、早干預(yù)[19,37]。再次,國家需進(jìn)一步完善圍產(chǎn)期保健系統(tǒng)的診療隨訪體系,普及抑郁相關(guān)知識(shí),加強(qiáng)基層衛(wèi)生保健機(jī)構(gòu)人員的培訓(xùn),推動(dòng)圍產(chǎn)期抑郁篩查在農(nóng)村地區(qū)的普及,以全面支持中國的圍產(chǎn)期抑郁篩查和干預(yù)工作。
[參考文獻(xiàn)]
[1]OHara M W,Wisner K L.Perinatal mental illness:definition,description and aetiology[J].Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol,2014,28(1):3-12.
[2]Roddy Mitchell A,Gordon H,Lindquist A,et al.Prevalence of perinatal depression in low-"and middle-income countries:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].JAMA Psychiatry,2023,80(5):425-431.
[3]Mu T Y,Li Y H,Pan H F,et al.Postpartum depressive mood (PDM) among Chinese women:a meta-analysis[J].Arch Womens Ment Health,2019,22(2):279-287.
[4]Tebeka S,Le Strat Y,De Premorel H A,et al.Prevalence and incidence of postpartum depression and environmental factors:the IGEDEPP cohort[J].J Psychiatr Res,2021,138:366-374.
[5]Koire A,Van Horne B S,Nong Y H,et al.Patterns of peripartum depression screening and detection in a large,multi-site,integrated healthcare system[J].Arch Womens Ment Health,2022,25(3):603-610.
[6]Dagher R K,Bruckheim H E,Colpe L J,et al.Perinatal depression:challenges and opportunities[J].J Womens Health (Larchmt),2021,30(2):154-159.
[7]Maurer D M,Raymond T J,Davis B N.Depression:screening and diagnosis[J].Am Fam Physician,2018,98(8):508-515.
[8]Tirumalaraju V,Suchting R,Evans J,et al.Risk of depression in the adolescent and adult offspring of mothers with perinatal depression:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].JAMA Netw Open,2020,3(6):e208783.
[9]Nidey N L,Momany A M,Strathearn L,et al.Association between perinatal depression and risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among children:a retrospective cohort study[J].Ann Epidemiol,2021,63:1-6.
[10]Vanderkruik R,F(xiàn)reeman M P,Nonacs R,et al.To screen or not to screen:are we asking the right question? In response to considering de-implementation of universal perinatal depression screening[J].Gen Hosp Psychiatry,2023,83:81-85.
[11]Akkineni R,Rao A,Ganjekar S.Guide for integration of perinatal mental health in maternal and child health services:a review[J].Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry,2023,39(3):227-229.
[12]Barry M J,Nicholson W K,Silverstein M,et al.Screening for depression and suicide risk in adults:US preventive services task force recommendation statement[J].JAMA,2023,329(23):2057-2067.
[13]Curry S J,Krist A H,Owens D K,et al.Interventions to prevent perinatal depression:US preventive services task force recommendation statement[J].JAMA,2019,321(6):580-587.
[14]Yasuma N,Narita Z,Sasaki N,et al.Antenatal psychological intervention for universal prevention of antenatal and postnatal depression:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].J Affect Disord,2020,273:231-239.
[15]Missler M,van Straten A,Denissen J,et al.Effectiveness of a psycho-educational intervention for expecting parents to prevent postpartum parenting stress,depression and anxiety:a randomized controlled trial[J].BMC Pregnancy Childbirth,2020,20(1):658.
[16]Nakamura A,van der Waerden J,Melchior M,et al.Physical activity during pregnancy and postpartum depression:systematic review and meta-analysis[J].J Affect Disord,2019,246:29-41.
[17]Bucci S,Schwannauer M Berry N.The digital revolution and its impact on mental health care[J].Psychol Psychother,2019,92(2):277-297.
[18]ACOG Committee Opinion No.757:Screening for perinatal depression[J].Obstet Gynecol,2018,132(5):e208-e212.
[19]Bjrkelund C,Svenningsson I,Hange D,et al.Clinical effectiveness of care managers in collaborative care for patients with depression in Swedish primary health care:a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial[J].BMC Fam Pract,2018,19(1):28.
[20]Snowber K,Ciolino J D,Clark C T,et al.Associations between implementation of the collaborative care model and disparities in perinatal depression care[J].Obstet Gynecol,2022,140(2):204-211.
[21]Miller E S,Grobman W A,Ciolino J D,et al.Increased depression screening and treatment recommendations after implementation of a perinatal collaborative care program[J].Psychiatr Serv,2021,72(11):1268-1275.
[22]Earls M F,Yogman M W,Mattson G,et al.Incorpo-rating recognition and management of perinatal depre-ssion into pediatric practice[J].Pediatrics,2019,143(1):e20183259.
[23]Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care.Depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period (2022) [EB/OL].[2023-11-17].https://canadiantaskforce.ca/guidelines/published-guidelines/depression-during-pregnancy-and-the-postpartum-period/.
[24]The Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (RNAO).Assessment and interventions for perinatal depression[EB/OL].[2023-11-17].https://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/assessment-and-interventions-perinatal-depression.
[25]National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).Antenatal and postnatal mental health:clinical management and service guidance [EB/OL].[2023-11-17].https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg192.
[26]Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE).NEW 2023 perinatal mental health guideline[EB/OL].[2023-11-17].https://www.cope.org.au/health-professionals/review-of-new-perinatal-mental-health-guidelines.
[27]衛(wèi)生健康委辦公廳.國家衛(wèi)生健康委辦公廳關(guān)于探索開展抑郁癥、老年癡呆防治特色服務(wù)工作的通知[EB/OL].2020-08-31[2023-11-17].https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2020-08/31/content_5542555.htm.
[28]中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)婦產(chǎn)科學(xué)分會(huì)產(chǎn)科學(xué)組.圍產(chǎn)期抑郁癥篩查與診治專家共識(shí)[J].中華婦產(chǎn)科雜志,2021,56(8):521-527.
[29]OConnor E,Rossom R C,Henninger M,et al.Primary care screening for and treatment of depression in pregnant and postpartum women:evidence report and systematic review for the US preventive services task force[J].JAMA,2016,315(4):388-406.
[30]Premji S,Mcneil D A,Spackman E.Observational evidence in support of screening for depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period[J].CMAJ,2022,194(43):E1487.
[31]Waqas A,Koukab A,Meraj H,et al.Screening programs for common maternal mental health disorders among perinatal women:report of the systematic review of evidence[J].BMC Psychiatry,2022,22(1):54.
[32]Norton W E,Chambers D A.Unpacking the complexities of de-implementing inappropriate health interventions[J].Implement Sci,2020,15(1):2.
[33]Walsh-Bailey C,Tsai E,Tabak R G,et al.A scoping review of de-implementation frameworks and models[J].Implement Sci,2021,16(1):100.
[34]Xue W Q,Cheng K K,Xu D,et al.Uptake of referrals for women with positive perinatal depression screening results and the effectiveness of interventions to increase uptake:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci,2020,29:e143.
[35]Eaton J,Mccay L,Semrau M,et al.Scale up of services for mental health in low-income and middle-income countries[J].Lancet,2011,378(9802):1592-1603.
[36]Madden K,Bhandari M.Cochrane in CORR():screening women for intimate partner violence in healthcare settings (review)[J].Clin Orthop Relat Res,2016,474(9):1897-1903.
[37]Grote N K,Katon W J,Russo J E,et al.A randomized trial of collaborative care for perinatal depression in socioeconomically disadvantaged women:the impact of comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder[J].J Clin Psychiatry,2016,77(11):1527-1537.
[專業(yè)責(zé)任編輯:陳倩]
[中文編輯:王懿;英文編輯:馮佳圓]