佘珍珍 吳慧萍 史榮芬
【摘要】目的:觀察集束化護(hù)理措施預(yù)防腦出血患者術(shù)后下肢深靜脈血栓(DVT)形成的效果。方法:以2021年4月—2023年3月作為研究展開階段,取60例腦出血患者,按照隨機(jī)分組方式劃分為對(duì)照組與觀察組,每組30例,分別給予常規(guī)護(hù)理與集束化護(hù)理。比較兩組護(hù)理效果。結(jié)果:護(hù)理后,觀察組股靜脈血流速度(平均速度及峰值速度)、并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況(偏癱、DVT、失語癥、精神及智力障礙)以及滿意度情況更為優(yōu)越(P<0.05);兩組護(hù)理前后凝血功能指標(biāo)(APTT、PT、TT及Fg)對(duì)比差異較?。≒>0.05)。結(jié)論:對(duì)于腦出血患者,術(shù)后應(yīng)用集束化護(hù)理模式進(jìn)行干預(yù),有助于降低DVT發(fā)生率,對(duì)護(hù)理質(zhì)量有較好的改善作用,有助于術(shù)后機(jī)體的恢復(fù),臨床應(yīng)用價(jià)值較高。
【關(guān)鍵詞】腦出血;下肢深靜脈血栓;集束化護(hù)理;預(yù)防措施
Observation on the effect of cluster nursing on prevention of lower limb deep vein thrombosis in patients with cerebral hemorrhage after operation
SHE Zhenzhen, WU Huiping, SHI Rongfen
Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211199, China
【Abstract】Objective:To observe the effect of cluster nursing measures on preventing lower extremities deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with cerebral hemorrhage after operation.Methods:From April 2021 to March 2023as the research phase,60 patients with cerebral hemorrhage were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,with 30 cases in each group,routine nursing and cluster nursing were given respectively.The nursing effects between the two groups were compared.Results:After nursing,the blood flow velocity of femoral vein (average velocity and peak velocity),incidence of complications (hemiplegia,DVT,aphasia,mental and intellectual disabilities) and satisfaction in the observation group were more superior (P<0.05);The differences in coagulation function indicators(APTT,PT,TTand Fg) between the two groups before and after nursing were relatively small (P>0.05).Conclusion:For patients with cerebral hemorrhage,postoperative intervention using a cluster nursing model can help reduce the incidence of DVT,improve nursing quality,and promote postoperative recovery of the body.It has high clinical application value.
【Key Words】Cerebral hemorrhage; Lower limb deep vein thrombosis; Cluster nursing; Preventive measure
因非外傷所導(dǎo)致的腦實(shí)質(zhì)內(nèi)血管破裂的出血癥狀在臨床上稱為腦出血,作為突發(fā)急癥,具有病情進(jìn)展快、致死率及致殘率較高等特點(diǎn)[1]。針對(duì)此類人員多是應(yīng)用手術(shù)方式進(jìn)行治療,術(shù)后需要通過長(zhǎng)期臥床,下肢在此過程中運(yùn)動(dòng)量少,靜脈血液流動(dòng)速度緩慢,容易出現(xiàn)凝結(jié)障礙,容易引發(fā)DVT[2]?;诖耍R床應(yīng)給予必要的護(hù)理措施進(jìn)行干預(yù),集束化護(hù)理是現(xiàn)階段常用的模式之一,主要是將現(xiàn)有明確且具體的護(hù)理措施應(yīng)用于患者,以提升預(yù)后效果,降低并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率。
1.1 一般資料 選取2021年4月—2023年3月本院收治的60例腦出血患者為研究對(duì)象,按隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法均分為觀察組與對(duì)照組,按照隨機(jī)分組方式劃分為對(duì)照組與觀察組,每組30例,兩組患者基本資料對(duì)比差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),如表1所示。納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)通過臨床影像學(xué)檢查、疾病史詢問、觀察相關(guān)癥狀等多種手段明確存在腦出血;(2)利用書面表述聯(lián)合語言講解研究相關(guān)內(nèi)容,在無他人影響的前提下,獲取本人及其家屬的自主同意。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)對(duì)其凝血功能進(jìn)行檢查,可見功能障礙者;(2)因疾病或遺傳等因素,導(dǎo)致日常溝通能力異常者。