謝敏華 潘泓

[摘要]目的 探討Orem自理模式護(hù)理在慢性結(jié)腸炎患者中的應(yīng)用效果。方法 選擇2017年1月～2018年1月我院收治的80例慢性結(jié)腸炎患者作為研究對(duì)象，按照隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為研究組和對(duì)照組，每組40例。對(duì)照組進(jìn)行常規(guī)護(hù)理，研究組進(jìn)行Orem自理模式護(hù)理。比較兩組的住院時(shí)間，再次入院率和并發(fā)癥總發(fā)生率，以及使用抑郁自評(píng)量表（SDS）和焦慮自評(píng)量表（SAS）評(píng)價(jià)兩組干預(yù)前后的心理狀況。結(jié)果 研究組的住院時(shí)間短于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；研究組的再次入院率低于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；研究組的并發(fā)癥總發(fā)生率低于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；護(hù)理前，兩組的SDS和SAS評(píng)分比較，差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05），護(hù)理后，研究組的SDS和SAS評(píng)分低于對(duì)照組，差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 與常規(guī)護(hù)理比較，對(duì)慢性結(jié)腸炎患者進(jìn)行Orem自理模式護(hù)理能降低患者的再次入院率和并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率，縮短其住院時(shí)間，有效緩解患者的焦慮和抑郁情緒，值得臨床推廣應(yīng)用。

[關(guān)鍵詞]慢性結(jié)腸炎；Orem自理模式；護(hù)理；應(yīng)用效果

[中圖分類號(hào)] R574.62 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1674-4721（2018）11（c）-0170-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of Orem self-care model of nursing in patients with chronic colitis. Methods Eighty patients with chronic colitis admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to January 2018 were selected as the study subjects， they were divided into study group and the control group according to the random number table method， with 40 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing， while the study group received Orem self-care mode nursing. The hospitalization time， re-admission rate and total incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. The psychological status of the two groups before and after intervention were assessed by self-rating depression scale （SDS） and self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）. Results The length of stay in the study group was shorter than that in the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）， the rate of re-hospitalization in the study group was lower than that in the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The total incidence of complications in the study group was lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Before nursing， there was no significant difference in SDS and SAS scores between the two groups （P>0.05）， after nursing， the scores of SDS and SAS in the study group were lower than those in the control group， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion Compared with routine nursing， Orem self-care nursing for patients with chronic colitis can reduce the re-admission rate and complication rate， shorten the hospitalization time， effectively alleviate anxiety and depression， and is worthy of clinical application.

[Key words] Chronic colitis； Orem self-care model； Nursing； Application effect

慢性結(jié)腸炎是一種多發(fā)性、反復(fù)性、慢性炎癥性疾病，其發(fā)病部位通常為直腸、乙狀結(jié)腸、結(jié)腸，指結(jié)腸和直腸由于多種致病因素引起的潰瘍、炎性水腫、出血病變[1]。臨床癥狀表現(xiàn)為左下腹疼痛、腹瀉與便秘交替出現(xiàn)、便下粘液，時(shí)好時(shí)壞，反復(fù)發(fā)作。不僅使患者的工作和生活受到嚴(yán)重影響，還會(huì)使患者產(chǎn)生負(fù)面情緒，阻礙患者恢復(fù)健康[2]。研究顯示，對(duì)慢性結(jié)腸炎患者進(jìn)行Orem自理模式護(hù)理可使患者的自我管理能力得到提高，激發(fā)患者的康復(fù)主動(dòng)性，提升自我護(hù)理能力，滿足患者心理方面的護(hù)理需求，使患者快速恢復(fù)健康[3-4]。本研究為探討慢性結(jié)腸炎患者應(yīng)用Orem自理模式護(hù)理的臨床效果，選擇我院收治的80例慢性結(jié)腸炎患者作為研究對(duì)象，現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。