邵靚 蔡新勇 劉員員 黃笑 楊柳 王洪 賴(lài)珩莉 洪浪
摘要:目的:實(shí)施對(duì)照分析,深入探究健康人群和阿霉素誘導(dǎo)心衰病人內(nèi)GAPDH基因的遺傳學(xué),探討磷酸甘油醛脫氫酶基因多態(tài)性和阿霉素誘導(dǎo)心衰的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和聯(lián)系。方法:收集94例阿霉素誘導(dǎo)心衰患者和性別、年齡相互匹配的125例正常人外周血,采用外周血DNA,SNaPshot方法檢測(cè)目的基因并進(jìn)一步分析結(jié)果。結(jié)果:rs1060620位點(diǎn)在GAPDH基因中的多態(tài)性與阿霉素誘導(dǎo)心衰病人存在緊密聯(lián)系。保護(hù)堿基主要為A,同時(shí)A點(diǎn)在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)研究中存在顯著差異,同時(shí)在男性中不具備統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)價(jià)值。結(jié)論:GAPDH基因5非編碼區(qū)點(diǎn)rs1060620多態(tài)性與相關(guān),且與性別具有。女性是該基因與阿霉素誘導(dǎo)心衰相關(guān)發(fā)病的危險(xiǎn)因素。
關(guān)鍵詞:GAPDH;基因位點(diǎn)突變;阿霉素;心力衰竭
【中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)】 R741.05 【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼】 A? ? ? 【文章編號(hào)】2107-2306(2022)05--01
[Abstract]:Objective: To investigate the genetics of GAPDH Gene in healthy people and patients with adriamycin induced heart failure, and to explore the risk and relationship between PD and GAPDH Gene. Methods: the peripheral blood of 94 patients with adriamycin induced heart failure and 125 sex and age-matched normal subjects were collected. The target gene was detected by peripheral blood DNA and snapshot, and the results were analyzed. Results: the rs1060620 gene polymorphism in GAPDH Gene was closely related to adriamycin induced heart failure. The protective base is mainly a, and point a has significant difference in statistical research, and it has no statistical value in men. Conclusion: the polymorphism of rs1060620 in the 5 ‘noncoding region of GAPDH Gene is related to sex. Male is a risk factor associated with doxorubicin induced heart failure.
[Key words]:GAPDH; Gene site mutation; Adriamycin; heart failure
引言
阿霉素(Doxorubicin,Dox)是一種從鏈霉菌中提取的蒽環(huán)類(lèi)抗生素,是最常用的治療多種癌癥的有效化療藥物之一[1],如白血病[2]、實(shí)體瘤和軟組織肉瘤等[3]。然而,Dox對(duì)心肌細(xì)胞劑量依賴(lài)性毒性作用一直是一個(gè)引發(fā)高度關(guān)注的問(wèn)題[4],Dox給藥累積劑量超過(guò)成人400~700 mg/m2和兒童300 mg/m2時(shí)就可以誘發(fā)充血性心力衰竭(congestive heart-failure,CHF)[5],而且此心臟毒性可在治療的任何階段出現(xiàn),臨床具有不可預(yù)判性。這些特性嚴(yán)重限制了Dox的臨床應(yīng)用。雖然針對(duì)心臟損傷的研究方法和技術(shù)已有不斷提高,但關(guān)于Dox引起心臟毒性的具體機(jī)制仍不明確也無(wú)有效治療方案,因此早期診斷和預(yù)測(cè)分析Dox產(chǎn)生心臟毒性可以提示更換化療方案,避免Dox心臟損傷功能是目前亟待解決的問(wèn)題。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
以從2018年至2022年作為研究時(shí)間,從江西省人民醫(yī)院內(nèi)選取阿霉素誘導(dǎo)心衰患者作為研究對(duì)象,以心衰診療標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作為依據(jù),剔除掉既往有心功能異常的患者,共計(jì)94名患者,招募正常健康人群125名作為對(duì)照組。所有入組人員均被告知參與實(shí)驗(yàn),并填寫(xiě)紙質(zhì)版知情同意書(shū)及署名。
1.2 方法
抽取每位研究人群外周血4ml-10ml,存儲(chǔ)于-80℃冰箱。參照試劑盒指導(dǎo),用手提法,提取外周血基因組DNA。合成GAPDH基因rs1060620點(diǎn)位置引物為:F- GCCACTAGGCGCTCACTGTT;R- CTCCTCTGCGACACGTGAC,根據(jù)SNaPshot方法及試劑盒操作。結(jié)束后,應(yīng)用用GeneMapper 8.1對(duì)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)展開(kāi)分析。
1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理
計(jì)量資料采用(x±s)表示,非正態(tài)分布數(shù)據(jù)采用四分位法表示,計(jì)數(shù)資料采用%表示,采用卡方檢驗(yàn)和Fisher精確檢驗(yàn)進(jìn)行比較。使用SPSS23.0統(tǒng)計(jì)分析軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。P<0.05視為有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義的差異。
2 結(jié)果
2.1 GAPDH基因5非編碼區(qū)位點(diǎn)rs1060620基因頻率分析
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)rs1060620基因單核苷酸多態(tài)性與阿霉素誘導(dǎo)心衰患者的發(fā)病相關(guān)(p=0.007)。最小等位基因頻率A為保護(hù)堿基,AA/TT與Acarriers/TT均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p=0.002,OR:0.317,CI:0.104-0.529;p=0.018,OR:0.682,CI: 0.633-1.258)。(表1)
2.2 不同性別心衰患者中GAPDH基因rs1060620位點(diǎn)的比較
在不同性別的阿霉素誘導(dǎo)心衰患者中,此點(diǎn)女性對(duì)照研究統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)有明顯差異性(P<0.05),而男性病例無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p>0.05)。(女性p=0.011;男性p=0.042)。同時(shí)在女性組之間存在顯著差異,男性組之間無(wú)明顯區(qū)別(表2)
3 討論
GAPDH基因,轉(zhuǎn)錄編碼GAPDH蛋白,是糖酵解途徑的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵酶。除糖酵解作用外,還具有豐富的生理功能,比如影響微管組裝和解聚、膜融合、膜分解和胞內(nèi)物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)、DNA修復(fù)、核RNA輸出、細(xì)胞骨架動(dòng)態(tài)平衡以及調(diào)節(jié)細(xì)胞自噬、凋亡等作用[5,6,7]。另一方面,GAPDH聚集可以改變線(xiàn)粒體膜的通透性,并與線(xiàn)粒體膜上的電壓依賴(lài)性離子通道相作用,促使細(xì)胞凋亡。部分研究者提出,正常的GAPDH可激活A(yù)tg5(自噬相關(guān)基因5,autophagy associated gene 5),移除損傷的線(xiàn)粒體,抑制caspases非依賴(lài)性細(xì)胞死亡,挽救瀕死細(xì)胞[8]。
阿霉素的治療過(guò)程中,GAPDH的可逆性改變和不可逆性改變持續(xù)存在。GAPDH在細(xì)胞內(nèi)的異常聚集進(jìn)一步加重,甚至影響到細(xì)胞器的正常功能,阻礙細(xì)胞從氧化應(yīng)激損傷狀態(tài)中復(fù)蘇。在氧化應(yīng)激過(guò)程中,異常改變的GAPDH主要集中在線(xiàn)粒體中。氧化應(yīng)激時(shí),糖酵解啟動(dòng),然后異常聚集的GAPDH蛋白不但不能輔助能量代謝反而改變線(xiàn)粒體膜電壓,使線(xiàn)粒體膜通透性增強(qiáng),造成線(xiàn)粒體結(jié)構(gòu)改變,造成細(xì)胞凋亡[9,10]。
綜上所述,GAPDH基因rs1060620位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與阿霉素誘導(dǎo)的心衰相關(guān),女性是該基因與阿霉素誘導(dǎo)心衰相關(guān)發(fā)病的危險(xiǎn)因素。
4 參考文獻(xiàn)
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第一作者:邵靚,江西省人民醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科,江西省南昌市豐和北大道266號(hào),E-mail: shaoliang021224@hotmail.com
通訊作者:邵靚,江西省人民醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科,江西省南昌市豐和北大道266號(hào),E-mail: shaoliang021224@hotmail.com
基金項(xiàng)目:江西省衛(wèi)生計(jì)生委科技計(jì)劃課題項(xiàng)目合同號(hào)202130040
中國(guó)藥學(xué)藥品知識(shí)倉(cāng)庫(kù)2022年5期