王琨 崔志鋼 趙會(huì)芳 田建霞 顧昌華田建霞 顧昌華

摘要? ? 為明確濕度和NaCl濃度對(duì)花生種子活力及發(fā)芽的影響，開(kāi)展了發(fā)芽床不同含水量及NaCl濃度對(duì)銅仁珍珠豆型花生種子活力及發(fā)芽的影響研究。結(jié)果表明，發(fā)芽床含水量從20%升高至40%，銅仁珍珠豆型花生種子的發(fā)芽率、發(fā)芽勢(shì)、發(fā)芽指數(shù)呈上升趨勢(shì);含水量繼續(xù)升高至60%，3項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均呈下降趨勢(shì)，40%是銅仁珍珠豆型花生最適發(fā)芽床含水量，花生發(fā)芽各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)達(dá)到最高。用NaCl溶液處理種子，濃度從0 mol/L升高至0.5 mol/L，花生種子的發(fā)芽率、發(fā)芽勢(shì)、發(fā)芽指數(shù)這3項(xiàng)指標(biāo)表現(xiàn)出先急劇下降后緩慢下降又急劇下降的趨勢(shì)。

關(guān)鍵詞? ? 珍珠豆型花生;發(fā)芽;種子活力;濕度;NaCl濃度

中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)? ? S565.2? ? ? ? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼? ? A

文章編號(hào)? ?1007-5739（2020）21-0001-02? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 開(kāi)放科學(xué)（資源服務(wù)）標(biāo)識(shí)碼（OSID）

Effects? of? Humidity? and? NaCl? Concentration? on? Seed? Vigor? and? Germination? of? Tongren? Pearl? Bean? Type? Peanuts

WANG Kun? ? CUI Zhigang? ? ZHAO Huifang? ? TIAN Jianxia? ? GU Changhua

（College of Agriculture， Tongren Polytechnic College， Tongren Guizhou 554300）

Abstract? ? In order to clarify the effects of humidity and NaCl concentration on seed vigor and germination of peanuts， this paper studied the effects of germination bed with different water contents and concentrations of NaCl on seed vigor and germination of Tongren pearl bean type peanuts. The results showed that the seed germination rate， germination potential， germination index of peanuts increased when the germination bed water content increased from 20% to 40%， then all three indicators decreased when the germination bed water content reached 60%. The optimum water content of germination bed for Tongren pearl bean type peanuts was 40%， the indicators of peanut sprout was the highest. When the seeds were treated with NaCl solution （from 0 mol/L to 0.5 mol/L）， the germination rate， germination potential and germination index of peanut seeds showed a trend of sharp-gentle-sharp decline.

Keywords? ? pearl bean type peanut; germination; seed vigor ; humidity; NaCl concentration

銅仁珍珠豆型花生主要分布于松桃縣、碧江區(qū)等地，作為銅仁十大特產(chǎn)之一[1]，具有皮薄、籽粒飽滿(mǎn)等特點(diǎn)。易? 燕等[2]開(kāi)展8個(gè)花生品種比較試驗(yàn)得出，珍珠花生的出仁率為80.2%，為8個(gè)品種中最高;除此以外，蛋白含量、氨基酸含量也較為豐富[3]?；ㄉ鷮儆谥绢?lèi)種子，趙會(huì)芳等[4]對(duì)銅仁136份珍珠豆型花生品種進(jìn)行品質(zhì)測(cè)定，蛋白質(zhì)含量在17.80%～28.78%之間，含油量在48.58%～57.17%之間，這類(lèi)種子在萌發(fā)期間對(duì)環(huán)境條件要求較高[5]。

種子活力的大小直接影響種子出苗的快慢和整齊程度，是種子品質(zhì)的重要指標(biāo)。為深入研究銅仁市珍珠豆型花生地方品種種子特性，本研究對(duì)銅仁珍珠豆型花生在發(fā)芽期間進(jìn)行不同濕度和NaCl濃度處理，分析其影響種子活力及發(fā)芽的規(guī)律，為提高種子發(fā)芽品質(zhì)及對(duì)種植土壤的改良、栽培管理等技術(shù)環(huán)節(jié)提供參考。

1? ? 材料與方法