周冉冉
【摘 要】 目的:分析急診ICU病房心肌梗死中年患者的心理情況,并制定相應(yīng)護(hù)理對(duì)策。方法:本次選擇2018年1月-2019年1月我院急診ICU收治心肌梗死中年患者90例為研究對(duì)象,以問(wèn)卷調(diào)查形式探究患者心理情況,并輔以優(yōu)質(zhì)護(hù)理干預(yù),對(duì)比患者護(hù)理前后心態(tài)變化及生存質(zhì)量相應(yīng)評(píng)分。結(jié)果:經(jīng)護(hù)理干預(yù)后,不良心態(tài)患者比率明顯下降(p<0.05)。護(hù)理后患者生理評(píng)分(50.38±2.11)、心理評(píng)分(52.14±1.32)、社會(huì)評(píng)分(49.29±0.24)均明顯高于護(hù)理前(p<0.05)。結(jié)論:急診ICU心肌梗死中年患者易出現(xiàn)負(fù)面情緒,應(yīng)輔以護(hù)理干預(yù),幫助患者調(diào)整好心態(tài),提高生存質(zhì)量。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 急診ICU;中年;心肌梗死;心理問(wèn)題;護(hù)理對(duì)策
【中圖分類號(hào)】R840.5
【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼】A
【文章編號(hào)】1005-0019(2019)18-024-01
Abstract Objective:? To analyze the psychological status of middle-aged patients with myocardial infarction in emergency ICU ward and formulate corresponding nursing countermeasures.Methods:? In this study, 90 middle-aged patients with myocardial infarction in emergency ICU of our hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 were selected as the research objects. The psychological status of the patients was explored by questionnaire survey, supplemented by high-quality nursing intervention, and the corresponding scores of psychological changes and quality of life before and after nursing were compared.Results:? After nursing intervention, the proportion of patients with bad mentality decreased significantly (p<0.05). After nursing, the patients' physiological scores (50.38±2.11), psychological scores (52.14±1.32), and social scores (49.29±0.24) were significantly higher than those before nursing (p<0.05).Conclusion:? Middle-aged patients with myocardial infarction in emergency ICU are prone to negative emotions, and should be supplemented with nursing intervention to help patients adjust their mentality and improve their quality of life.
Key words:Emergency ICU; Middle-aged; Myocardial infarction; Psychological problems; Nursing strategies
本文以2018.1-2019.1我院急診ICU收治90例中年心肌梗死患者為例,探究心肌梗死患者心理問(wèn)題及護(hù)理對(duì)策,具體如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
本次選擇2018年1月-2019年1月我院急診ICU收治心肌梗死中年患者90例為研究對(duì)象,包括男性48例,女性42例,患者最小年齡40歲,最大年齡59歲,平均年齡(46.1±0.2)歲,入院時(shí)間短則48h,長(zhǎng)則120h,平均時(shí)間(80.3±1.2)h。
1.2 方法
(1)知識(shí)宣教。多數(shù)患者因?qū)膊〔涣私?,易產(chǎn)生恐懼、緊張等情緒,護(hù)理者需對(duì)患者進(jìn)行知識(shí)宣教,幫助患者認(rèn)知疾病、了解疾病,消除恐懼,宣教過(guò)程中注意溝通的方式與方法,保持態(tài)度和善、語(yǔ)言通俗易懂,耐心解答患者提出的各項(xiàng)疑問(wèn),同時(shí)關(guān)注患者情緒變化,及時(shí)輔以心理干預(yù),助其調(diào)整心態(tài),提高依從性;(2)環(huán)境干預(yù)?;颊咴谶M(jìn)入重癥監(jiān)護(hù)病房后,面對(duì)復(fù)雜的醫(yī)療設(shè)備很容易出現(xiàn)抵觸、恐懼等情緒,護(hù)理者需為患者詳細(xì)介紹各器材的用途,另外確保監(jiān)護(hù)病房?jī)?nèi)環(huán)境整潔,衛(wèi)生,溫度、濕度適宜,床單干凈無(wú)褶皺[2]。另外,注意自身的儀表與話語(yǔ),不可在患者床邊探討病情,避免患者過(guò)度猜忌。(3)合理安排護(hù)理流程。除特殊急救外,各項(xiàng)檢查護(hù)理工作需合理安排時(shí)間,盡量將治療時(shí)間集中在白天,避免無(wú)計(jì)劃、繁瑣重復(fù)的檢查影響患者修養(yǎng)。實(shí)施護(hù)理服務(wù)過(guò)程中應(yīng)保證動(dòng)作專業(yè)、輕柔,使患者安心。另外爭(zhēng)取患者家屬的配合,糾正家屬對(duì)ICU病房的錯(cuò)誤認(rèn)知。
1.3 觀察指標(biāo)
通過(guò)調(diào)查問(wèn)卷分析患者的心理問(wèn)題,同時(shí)自制調(diào)查表評(píng)估患者護(hù)理前后生存評(píng)分,包括項(xiàng)目有:生理評(píng)分、心理評(píng)分、社會(huì)評(píng)分三項(xiàng),各項(xiàng)總分均為100分,分值越高,患者生存質(zhì)量越佳。
1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析