風(fēng)景園林與人居環(huán)境一直是中華人居文明發(fā)展的主題,保護(hù)、營(yíng)造美麗人居環(huán)境是中國(guó)風(fēng)景園林的出發(fā)點(diǎn)和立足點(diǎn)。
中國(guó)風(fēng)景園林與人居環(huán)境同根同源。尋找適宜的生存環(huán)境,研“風(fēng)”究 “景”;尋求永恒的精神寄托,游歷山水;尋覓詩(shī)情畫意的棲居,賞景造園。歷經(jīng)5 000年的攜手共進(jìn),如今已是你中有我、我中有你。在中國(guó)人居環(huán)境學(xué)科群的建筑、城規(guī)、風(fēng)景園林3個(gè)核心學(xué)科中,歷史上風(fēng)景園林的作用是基礎(chǔ)性的,近現(xiàn)代人居環(huán)境發(fā)展引發(fā)的環(huán)境生態(tài)問題更加有力地證明了風(fēng)景園林在人居環(huán)境中不可或缺的關(guān)鍵地位。
美麗中國(guó)人居環(huán)境的主角是風(fēng)景園林。從自然原野、鄉(xiāng)村到城市都離不開綠水青山風(fēng)景園林這一大背景;中國(guó)人居環(huán)境的最高追求是風(fēng)景園林,“道法自然”“天地人和”“綠水青山”“山水城市”等思想無一不是源自風(fēng)景園林;中國(guó)人居環(huán)境的理想之境是風(fēng)景園林,中國(guó)風(fēng)景園林是中國(guó)理想人居的化身;中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)人居環(huán)境的母語(yǔ)是風(fēng)景園林,中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)城市規(guī)劃的母語(yǔ)是風(fēng)景,中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)建筑的母語(yǔ)是園林,而中國(guó)風(fēng)景園林的母語(yǔ)則是中國(guó)美麗的綠水青山。
從中國(guó)風(fēng)景園林可以追溯中國(guó)人的世界觀、價(jià)值觀、人生觀、美學(xué)觀的坐標(biāo)源頭,風(fēng)景觀孕育了主客合一的中國(guó)哲學(xué)精神和 “天、地、人”三位一體的世界觀;以風(fēng)景園林為導(dǎo)向的人居環(huán)境實(shí)踐,催生了 “天、地、人”三位一體的理想狀態(tài)—— “天地人和”與 “集和化”的發(fā)展之路。從古代的 “風(fēng)景天下”到今天的 “綠水青山”,風(fēng)景園林始終是中國(guó)人居環(huán)境存在與發(fā)展的理想化身。
中國(guó)風(fēng)景園林與人居環(huán)境休戚與共,中國(guó)人居環(huán)境繁榮興旺,風(fēng)景園林方大有用武之地。伴隨新中國(guó)成立70年,中國(guó)的風(fēng)景園林與人居環(huán)境已經(jīng)發(fā)生了天翻地覆的變化。如今,在巨大的成就面前所面臨的是信息文明時(shí)代公元第三個(gè)千年的人居文明的更大發(fā)展,為此,急需找回近代中國(guó)人居環(huán)境 “極端化”發(fā)展中丟失的初心和傳統(tǒng),實(shí)施一場(chǎng)不忘初心、文化自信、與古為新的現(xiàn)代轉(zhuǎn)變。
身處新時(shí)代,衷心希望關(guān)乎綠水青山、國(guó)民生活質(zhì)量的中國(guó)風(fēng)景園林,以保護(hù)建設(shè)美麗中國(guó)人居環(huán)境為己任,在 “兩個(gè)文明”、美麗中國(guó)的建設(shè)中發(fā)揮越來越重要的作用。
Landscape architecture and human settlements have always been the theme of the development of Chinese civilization. Protecting and creating a beautiful living environment is the starting point and foothold of Chinese landscape architecture.
Chinese landscape gardens and human settlements have the same roots.Study the sceneries is to find a suitable living environment, travelling through the mountains and rivers is to seek eternal spiritual sustenance, and enjoy the landscape is to find poetic and picturesque habitat. After 5,000 years of working together, they have been blended with each other. Among the three core disciplines of architecture, urban planning and landscape architecture in the Chinese human settlements environment disciplinary cluster, the role of landscape architecture in history is fundamental. The environmental and ecological problems arising from the development of modern human settlements have fully proved that landscape architecture holds an indispensable key position in the human settlements.
Landscape architecture is the protagonist of the beautiful Chinese living environment. From the natural wilderness, the countryside to the city, it is inseparable from the background of landscape architecture of clear water and green hills; the highest pursuit of the human settlements environment in China is landscape architecture, thoughts of "Tao models itself after nature" "Harmony between heaven, earth and human" "Clear water and green hills", and "Shanshui City" are all derived from landscape architecture; the ideal environment for Chinese human settlements is landscape architecture; Chinese landscape architecture is the embodiment of China's ideal human settlements; the mother tongue of Chinese traditional habitat environment is landscape architecture, the mother tongue of Chinese traditional urban planning is landscape, the mother tongue of traditional Chinese architecture is garden, and the mother tongue of Chinese landscape architecture is China's beautiful clear water and green hills.
From the Chinese landscape architecture, the source of the Chinese world view, values, outlook on life and aesthetics can be traced. The landscape view fosters the Chinese philosophy of the subjective and objective and the world view of the trinity of heaven, earth and human; the practice of human settlements oriented by landscape architecture has given birth to the ideal state of the trinity of heaven, earth and human - the development way of "the harmony of heaven,earth and human" and "integration". From the ancient "landscape world" to today's "clear water and green hills", landscape architecture has always been the ideal embodiment of the existence and development of human settlements in China.
Chinese landscape architecture and human settlements go through thick and thin together. When China's human settlements environment is prosperous,landscape architecture will have big room to function. Along with the 70 years of New China, China's landscape architecture and human settlements environment have undergone tremendous changes. Nowadays, the great achievements face the greater development of human civilization in the third millennium and the information civilization era. For this reason, it is urgent to find the original aspiration and tradition lost in the "extreme" development of modern Chinese human settlements, and implement a modern transformation of staying true to the original aspiration, cultural self-confidence, and finding new ideas from tradition.
In the new era, I sincerely hope that Chinese landscape architecture, which are related to the clear water and green hills and the quality of people's living, will take the protection and construction of beautiful human settlements environment as its task, and play an increasingly important role in the construction of two civilizations and beautiful China.