廣東 懷玉丹
動詞cost,spend,pay,take都可以表示“花費”的意思,但其用法各不相同。
★cost意為“價值(若干)”“花費(多少錢)”,主語通常是物,常用結(jié)構(gòu)為“sth.cost(s)sb.some money”,意為“某物花了某人多少錢”。例如:
The magazine cost me four dollars.這本雜志花了我四美元。
How much does the new car cost?這部新車值多少錢?
★spend的主語必須是人,常用于“sb.spend time/money on sth.(某人在某物上花費時間 /金錢)”或“sb.spend time/money(in)doing sth.(某人花費時間 /金錢做某事)”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
Don't spend too much on clothes.不要在衣服上花費太多(錢)。
The boy spends about two hours (in)playing computer games every day.這個男孩每天花大約兩個小時的時間玩電子游戲。
Sometimes he spends 3 yuan on the snacks.有時他花3元錢買小吃。
★pay的主語通常是人,常用于“pay for sth.(付……的錢)”“pay sb.money for sth.(付錢給某人買……)”和“pay for sb.(替某人付錢)”等結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
How much did you pay for the computer?你花了多少錢買這臺電腦?
Mr.White has to pay them 50 pounds for this room each month.懷特先生每個月必須為這間房付給他們50英鎊的房租。
Don't worry.I will pay for you.別擔心。我將為你付款。
★take多指“花費時間”,常用句型為“It takes sb.+時間+to do sth.”,其中it是形式主語,真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式。例如:
It took my father half an hour to read newspapers yesterday.我的父親昨天花了半個小時讀報紙。
【真題鏈接】
—Do you know how much Mary _____all these books?
—They _____ only 200 yuan!
【2017·黔西南州中考題】
A.spent;cost
B.paid for;spent
C.paid for;cost
D.cost;spent
【答案與解析】C “Sb.spends some money on sth.”意為“某人在某物上花費多少錢”;Sb.pays for sth.意為“某人為某物付錢”;Sth.costs sb.some money意為“某物花費某人多少錢”。第一空前的主語Mary是人,后面是某物,應用pay for;第二空前的They指的是“書”,表示的是物,橫線后面是錢數(shù),應用cost。
選用take,pay,spend或cost的適當形式填空。
1.Jack _____ about two hours doing his homework last night.
2.If you lose the library book,you'll have to _______for it.
3.The new mobile phone _______my friend 3,500 yuan last month.
4.It _______me about twenty minutes to ride to school every day.